In August 2011, Pradman P. Kaul became a member of our board of directors. He also serves currently on the Strategy Committee of our board of directors. Mr. Kaul also serves as the President of Hughes Network Systems, LLC (“HNS”) and Hughes Communications, Inc., subsidiaries of EchoStar. Previously, Mr. Kaul served as the Chief Operating Officer, Executive Vice President and Director of Engineering of HNS. Before joining HNS in 1973, Mr. Kaul worked at COMSAT Laboratories in Clarksburg, Maryland. Mr. Kaul received a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from George Washington University and a master’s degree in electrical engineering from the University of California at Berkeley. He holds numerous patents and has published articles and papers on a variety of technical topics concerning satellite communications. Mr. Kaul has been inducted as a member of the National Academy of Engineering. With over 37 years of experience at Hughes, Mr. Kaul has a deep knowledge and understanding of the satellite industry.