0001558370-24-002209 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

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Segment Reporting (Details)	12 Months Ended
Segment Reporting (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023 segment
Segment Reporting
Number of primary operating business segments	4

Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

Schedule of components of the (benefit from) provision for income taxes


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Current (benefit) provision:
Federal	$	(7,484)	$	(1,283)	$	135,759
State		39,441		70,707		47,115
Foreign		8,405		(601)		5,855
Total current (benefit) provision		40,362		68,823		188,729

Deferred (benefit) provision:
Federal		(308,917)		638,077		538,979
State		(150,108)		93,755		87,319
Foreign		(45,006)		(20,965)		(34,809)
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance		166,809		18,720		48,219
Total deferred (benefit) provision		(337,222)		729,587		639,708
Total (benefit) provision	$	(296,860)	$	798,410	$	828,437

Schedule of principal reasons for the difference between the effective income tax rate and the statutory federal tax rate


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023	2022	2021

	% of pre-tax income/(loss)
Statutory rate	(21.0)	21.0	21.0
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	(3.6)	3.3	3.2
Rates different than statutory	(1.1)	(0.5)	(0.5)
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance	8.6	0.6	1.4
Tax credits	(3.8)	(0.8)	(0.5)
Impairments	6.0	—	—
Other, net	(0.5)	0.3	0.1
Total (benefit) provision for income taxes	(15.4)	23.9	24.7

Schedule of deferred tax assets and liabilities


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
NOL, interest, credit and other carryforwards	$	1,322,706	$	666,789
Accrued and prepaid expenses		966,445		759,981
Stock-based compensation		29,387		29,383
Unrealized (gains) losses on available for sale and other investments (1)		222,769		—
Discount on convertible notes and convertible note hedge transaction, net		46,636		64,644
Deferred revenue		10,748		5,681
Other		10,096		11,050
Total deferred tax assets		2,608,787		1,537,528
Valuation allowance		(492,340)		(306,703)
Deferred tax asset after valuation allowance		2,116,447		1,230,825

Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation		(1,961,227)		(1,784,018)
Unrealized (gains) losses on available for sale and other investments (1)		—		(241,297)
Regulatory authorizations and other intangible amortization		(3,960,608)		(3,491,625)
Bases differences in partnerships and cost method investments (2)		(1,179,418)		(1,041,790)
Other liabilities		(21,227)		(18,840)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(7,122,480)		(6,577,570)
Net deferred tax asset (liability) (3)	$	(5,006,033)	$	(5,346,745)

(1)	Included in this line item are deferred taxes related to, among other things, changes in the probability weighted fair value of our option to purchase certain of T-Mobile’s 800 MHz spectrum licenses. See Note 6 for further information.

(2)	Included in this line item are deferred taxes related to, among other things, our noncontrolling investments in Northstar Spectrum and SNR HoldCo, including deferred taxes created by the tax amortization of the Northstar Licenses and SNR Licenses. See Note 2 for further information.

Schedule of reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Unrecognized tax benefit	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Balance as of beginning of period	$	569,601	$	539,113	$	528,527
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year		9,210		36,587		496
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years		41,522		16,369		12,200
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years		(7,219)		(21,541)		(1,482)
Reductions based on tax positions related to settlements with taxing authorities		(3,219)		—		—
Reductions based on tax positions related to the lapse of the statute of limitations		(352)		(927)		(628)
Balance as of end of period	$	609,543	$	569,601	$	539,113

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Details)	12 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Details)	Dec. 31, 2023 Vote $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 $ / shares shares
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Treasury Stock Reissued	23,000,000
Preferred Stock, shares authorized	20,000,000
Preferred Stock, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.001
Preferred Stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Class A common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Common stock, shares authorized	1,600,000,000	1,600,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares outstanding	140,153,020	138,128,368
Votes per share	1
Number of shares of Class A common stock into which each share of common stock is convertible	1
Class B common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Common stock, shares authorized	800,000,000	800,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares outstanding	131,348,468	131,348,468
Votes per share	10
Class C common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Common stock, shares authorized	800,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Votes per share	1
Number of shares of Class A common stock into which each share of common stock is convertible	1
Votes per share in the event of change of control \| Vote	10
Class D common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Common stock, shares authorized	800,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares outstanding	0	0

Leases - Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Leases
Operating lease cost	$ 538,805	$ 355,871	$ 111,336
Short-term lease cost	4,765	4,914	4,800
Finance lease cost: Amortization of right-of-use assets	102,724	57,942	95,237
Finance lease cost: Interest on lease liabilities	14,090	12,151	14,741
Total finance lease cost	116,814	70,093	109,978
Total lease costs	$ 660,384	$ 430,878	$ 226,114

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Class A and B Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Accumulated Earnings (Deficit)	Treasury Shares at Cost (Note 2)	Noncontrolling Interests Hughes Systique Corporation	Noncontrolling Interests	Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests Northstar Spectrum	Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests	Hughes Systique Corporation	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 266	$ 8,727,300	$ (188,731)	$ 8,826,948			$ 65,405		$ 350,648		$ 17,431,188
Issuance of Class A common stock:
Exercise of stock awards		40,971									40,971
Employee benefits	1	37,445									37,446
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	1	27,210									27,211
Non-cash, stock-based compensation		59,379									59,379
Other comprehensive income (loss):			(23,090)				(4,389)				(27,479)
Convertible debt reclassified per ASU 2020-06, net of deferred taxes of $245,778 (Note 2)		(805,566)									(805,566)
Contribution by non-controlling interest holder							9,880				9,880
Treasury share repurchase					$ (261,609)						(261,609)
Other, net		(750)		(261,609)	261,609						(750)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests							(9,424)		44,574		(9,424)
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar				2,486,285							2,486,285
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	268	8,085,989	(211,821)	11,051,624			61,472		395,222		18,987,532
Issuance of Class A common stock:
Exercise of stock awards		200									200
Employee benefits		33,389									33,389
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	1	27,238									27,239
Non-cash, stock-based compensation		82,994									82,994
Other comprehensive income (loss):			36,554				1,707				38,261
Treasury share repurchase					(89,303)						(89,303)
Other, net		711		(89,304)	$ 89,303		438				1,148
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests							(9,965)		69,137		(9,965)
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar				2,477,720							2,477,720
Issuance of equity and contribution of assets pursuant to the India JV formation		(14,237)					44,540				30,303
Consideration received from DISH Network for R&D tax credits utilized		6,315									6,315
Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	269	8,222,599	(175,267)	13,440,040			98,192		464,359		21,585,833
Issuance of Class A common stock:
Exercise of stock awards		(1,444)									(1,444)
Employee benefits	1	20,100									20,101
Employee Stock Purchase Plan	1	12,041									12,042
Non-cash, stock-based compensation		51,514									51,514
Other comprehensive income (loss):			15,211				3,650				18,861
Other, net		(2,831)					(439)				(3,270)
Purchase of Northstar Manager, LLC's ownership interest in Northstar Spectrum								$ (109,432)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests							(16,222)		83,455		(16,222)
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar				(1,702,057)							(1,702,057)
Deconsolidation of Hughes Systique Corporation						$ (15,448)				$ (15,448)
Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 271	$ 8,301,979	$ (160,056)	$ 11,737,983			$ 69,733		$ 438,382		$ 19,949,910

Inventory

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Inventory

Inventory

7.Inventory

Inventory consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Finished goods	$	512,894	$	521,600
Work-in-process and service repairs		68,463		35,759
Consignment (1)		56,360		14,792
Raw materials		27,452		53,828
Total inventory	$	665,169	$	625,979

(1)	This change primarily resulted from a distribution agreement related to certain Boost postpaid wireless devices.

Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes
Provision for U.S. income taxes or foreign withholding taxes	$ 0
Unrecognized tax benefits if recognized, could favorably affect our effective tax rate	539,000
Interest and penalty (credit) expense	39,000	$ 22,000	$ 16,000
Accrued interest and penalties	$ 165,000	$ 126,000

Stock-Based Compensation - Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - Restricted stock units - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Restricted stock unit activity
Total restricted stock units outstanding, beginning of period (in shares)	802,804
Granted (in shares)	5,776
Vested (in shares)	(525,100)
Forfeited and cancelled (in shares)	(234,835)
Total restricted stock units outstanding, end of period (in shares)	48,645	802,804
Weighted - Average Grant Date Fair Value
Total restricted stock units outstanding, beginning of period (in dollars per share)	$ 72.70
Granted (in dollars per share)	17.50	$ 40.06	$ 120.86
Vested (in dollars per share)	60.89
Forfeited and cancelled (in dollars per share)	92.34
Total restricted stock units outstanding, end of period (in dollars per share)	$ 98.78	$ 72.70

Stock-Based Compensation - Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Stock-Based Compensation
Non-cash, stock-based compensation	$ 51,514	$ 82,994	$ 59,379
Cost of services
Stock-Based Compensation
Non-cash, stock-based compensation	2,610	6,511	4,365
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Stock-Based Compensation
Non-cash, stock-based compensation	48,904	$ 76,483	$ 55,014
Non-Performance Based Stock Awards
Share-based expenses
Unrecognized compensation expense	$ 66,000
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Weighted average period for recognition of compensation cost	8 years 7 months 6 days

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations - Finance Lease Obligations (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023
FSS Satellite Anik F3
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Ku-band capacity leased (as a percent)	100.00%
Term of capital lease	15 years
Canadian DBS Satellite Ciel II
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Term of capital lease	10 years
Satellite capacity leased (as a percent)	100.00%
Nimiq 5
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Nimiq capacity leased (as a percent)	100.00%

Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows

Schedule of supplemental cash flow and other non-cash data


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Cash paid for interest (including capitalized interest)	$	1,400,524	$	1,144,915	$	906,925
Cash received for interest		163,729		30,264		11,888
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds		15,634		98,930		98,456
Capitalized interest (1)		1,335,129		1,084,880		858,605
Employee benefits paid in Class A common stock		20,101		33,389		37,446
Convertible debt reclassified per ASU 2020-06		—		—		1,051,344
Deferred taxes reclassified per ASU 2020-06		—		—		245,778
Vendor financing		87,343		108,048		26,627
FCC licenses reclassification		—		122,657		915,449
Accrued capital expenditures		238,231		403,134		463,092
Asset retirement obligation		74,189		122,390		50,765
Revaluation of contingent liabilities		—		47,916		—
Non-cash net assets received as part of the India JV formation		—		36,701		—

(1)	See Note 2 for further information.

Revenue Recognition - Additional Information (Details) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Revenue Recognition
Remaining performance obligation	$ 1,740
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01
Revenue Recognition
Remaining performance obligation period	1 year
Remaining performance obligation, percentage	27.00%
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Revenue Recognition
Remaining performance obligation period	1 year
Remaining performance obligation, percentage	73.00%

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Related Party Transactions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Related Party Transactions
Amounts receivable related party	$ 1,122,139	$ 1,182,597
Amounts payable to related party	$ 774,011	1,023,537
TerreStar Solutions, Inc
Related Party Transactions
Ownership interest (as a percent)	40.00%
Deluxe/EchoStar LLC
Related Party Transactions
Ownership interest (as a percent)	50.00%
Broadband Connectivity Solutions (Restricted) Limited
Related Party Transactions
Ownership interest (as a percent)	20.00%
Hughes Systique
Related Party Transactions
Ownership interest (as a percent)	42.00%
NagraStar L.L.C.
Related Party Transactions
Ownership interest (as a percent)	50.00%
TerreStar Solutions, Inc
Related Party Transactions
Revenue from related party	$ 1,930	1,951	$ 1,924
Amounts receivable related party		485
Deluxe/EchoStar LLC
Related Party Transactions
Revenue from related party	5,794	5,334	5,480
Amounts receivable related party	1,247	3,026
Broadband Connectivity Solutions (Restricted) Limited
Related Party Transactions
Revenue from related party	3,426	7,933	8,278
Amounts receivable related party	3,333	5,062
Hughes Systique
Related Party Transactions
Purchases from related party	19,597
Amounts payable to related party	1,704
NagraStar L.L.C.
Related Party Transactions
Purchases from related party	37,068	43,416	$ 45,944
Amounts payable to related party	9,821	7,422
Commitments to related party	$ 1,727	$ 3,272

Stock-Based Compensation - Additional Information of Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Employee Stock Option
Share-based compensation
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted	$ 22.28	$ 53.20	$ 84.84
Intrinsic value of options exercised		$ 98	$ 16,029
Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation
Weighted-average grant date fair value of units and awards granted	$ 17.50	$ 40.06	$ 120.86
Fair value of units and rewards vested	$ 9,926	$ 2,212	$ 1,218

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(iii)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 718
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (f)(2)(v)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2

+ Details

Inventory (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Inventory
Finished goods	$ 512,894	$ 521,600
Work-in-process and service repairs	68,463	35,759
Consignment	56,360	14,792
Raw materials	27,452	53,828
Total inventory	$ 665,169	$ 625,979

Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

Schedule of quarterly results of operations


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31		June 30		September 30		December 31

	(In thousands, except per share data)
Year ended December 31, 2023:
Total revenue	$	4,387,666	$	4,356,462	$	4,108,874	$	4,162,596
Operating income (loss)		353,338		252,228		(31,349)		(852,126)
Net income (loss)		272,845		232,692		(118,737)		(2,021,624)
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar		253,534		212,662		(138,371)		(2,029,882)

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	0.94		0.79		(0.51)		(7.48)

Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	0.82		0.69		(0.51)		(7.48)

Year ended December 31, 2022:
Total revenue	$	4,820,832	$	4,698,483	$	4,581,914	$	4,533,017
Operating income (loss)		594,440		738,535		472,349		427,514
Net income (loss)		537,242		550,094		448,110		1,001,446
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar		523,534		536,314		433,608		984,264

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	1.93	$	1.98	$	1.61	$	3.65

Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	1.69	$	1.74	$	1.41	$	3.21

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Performance based stock (Details) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	31,688	31,504	28,940
Class A common stock
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	38,000
Minimum \| Class A common stock
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Exercise price of warrants	$ 185.75
Maximum \| Class A common stock
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Exercise price of warrants	$ 245.33
Anti-dilutive stock awards
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	10,906	9,680	7,426
Performance/market based options
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	4,631	5,285	4,896
Restricted Performance Units/Awards
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share		388	467
Common stock warrants
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share	16,151	16,151	16,151

Stock-Based Compensation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 24, 2022
Share-based compensation
Number of stock options outstanding (in shares)	4,631,083
Percentage of stock awards vesting per year	20.00%
Exercise price					13,000,000
Share-based payment arrangement				$ 20.00
Non-cash, stock-based compensation	$ 51,514	$ 82,994	$ 59,379
Class A common stock
Share-based compensation
Number of stock options outstanding (in shares)	16,100,000
Class A common stock \| Stock Incentive Plan
Share-based compensation
Shares of common stock available for future grant under stock incentive plans	3,400,000
DISH \| Class A common stock \| Stock Incentive Plan
Share-based compensation
Shares of common stock available for future grant under stock incentive plans	17,200,000
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based compensation
Number of stock options outstanding (in shares)	16,087,146	16,887,454
Maximum Expiration term	10 years
Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation
Number of stock options outstanding (in shares)	49,000

Segment Reporting - Purchases of Property and Equipment by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$ 4,224,783	$ 4,034,781	$ 2,397,197
Pay-TV
Segment Reporting
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	242,736	131,093	173,485
5G Network Deployment
Segment Reporting
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	3,748,624	3,580,518	1,790,042
Broadband and Satellite Services
Segment Reporting
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$ 233,423	325,891	438,430
Eliminations
Segment Reporting
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)		$ (2,721)	$ (4,760)

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Other investment securities, net:
Loss on Derivative	$ 1,601	$ 1,793
Derivative, Loss, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]		Other Nonoperating Income (Expense)
Prepayment Fees	$ 100	$ 100
NagraStar
Other investment securities, net:
Ownership interest (as a percent)	50.00%	50.00%
Invidi Technologies Corporation [Member]
Other investment securities, net:
Ownership interest (as a percent)	35.00%	35.00%
TerreStar Solutions, Inc. [Member]
Other investment securities, net:
Ownership interest (as a percent)	40.00%	40.00%
Deluxe/EchoStar LLC
Other investment securities, net:
Ownership interest (as a percent)	50.00%	50.00%
Broadband connectivity solutions
Other investment securities, net:
Ownership interest (as a percent)	20.00%	20.00%
Commercial paper \| Maximum
Other investment securities, net:
Debt term of Maturity		365 days
Corporate securities \| Maximum
Other investment securities, net:
Debt term of Maturity		18 months

Stock-Based Compensation - Long-Term Performance-Based Plans (Details) - shares		12 Months Ended
	Nov. 04, 2020	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Other Employee Performance Awards
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Vested (in shares)		0
Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Vested (in shares)		(525,100)
Award other than options cancelled		234,835
LTIP 2013 \| Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Shares cancelled		276,147
LTIP 2013 \| Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Award other than options cancelled		137,449
LTIP 2017 \| Employee Stock Option [Member]
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Shares cancelled		471,727
LTIP 2019
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Percentage of performance goals probable of achievement		85.00%	89.00%	90.00%
Percentage of award vested		78.00%	75.00%	69.00%
Vested (in shares)		0
Share based compensation		0
Ergen 2020 Performance Award
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Percentage of award vested		20.00%	20.00%	20.00%
Vested (in shares)					0
Awards vesting period	10 years
2022 Incentive Plan
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Percentage of award vested		17.00%	33.00%
Vested (in shares)		0
Percentage of probability of achievement of performance conditions		100.00%
Class A common stock \| Ergen 2020 Performance Award
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Granted	4,385,962

Leases - Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Leases
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$ 367,438	$ 186,372	$ 93,227
Operating cash flows from finance leases	13,400	11,060	12,917
Financing cash flows from finance leases	53,467	42,740	63,109
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases	753,935	1,402,357	$ 1,489,637
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Finance leases	$ 53,771	$ 66,312

Commitments and Contingencies - Accrual For License Fee Dispute (Details)	Sep. 01, 2020
License Fee Dispute
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Payment schedule term (in years)	10 years

Stock-Based Compensation - Valuation (Details) - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Black-Scholes option valuation model, assumptions
Dividend yield (as a percent)	0.00%
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Black-Scholes option valuation model, assumptions
Risk free interest rate, low end of range (as a percent)	3.58%	1.35%	0.48%
Risk free interest rate, high end of range (as a percent)	4.61%	4.02%	1.11%
Volatility factor, low end of range (as a percent)	34.30%	32.67%	29.91%
Volatility factor, high end of range (as a percent)	41.25%	34.84%	34.51%
Fair value of options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 22.28	$ 53.20	$ 84.84
Employee Stock Option [Member] \| Minimum
Black-Scholes option valuation model, assumptions
Expected term of options	4 years 1 month 6 days	4 years 1 month 6 days	4 years
Fair value of options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 7.40	$ 5.97	$ 6.20
Employee Stock Option [Member] \| Maximum
Black-Scholes option valuation model, assumptions
Expected term of options	6 years 7 months 6 days	6 years	5 years 10 months 24 days
Fair value of options granted (in dollars per share)	$ 7.77	$ 9.27	$ 8.32

Leases (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Leases

Components of Lease Expense


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Operating lease cost (1)	$	538,805	$	355,871	$	111,336

Short-term lease cost (2)		4,765		4,914		4,800

Finance lease cost (3):
Amortization of right-of-use assets		102,724		57,942		95,237
Interest on lease liabilities		14,090		12,151		14,741
Total finance lease cost		116,814		70,093		109,978
Total lease costs	$	660,384	$	430,878	$	226,114

(1)	The increase in operating lease cost is primarily related to communication tower leases.

(2)	Leases that have terms of 12 months or less.

(3)

The decrease in finance lease cost for the year ended December 31, 2022 is primarily related to the QuetzSat-1 finance lease, which expired in November 2021, as well as the Anik F3 finance lease that was extended in April 2022 and as a result is currently accounted for as an operating lease. The increase in finance lease cost for the year ended December 31, 2023 is primarily related to equipment for our 5G Network Deployment.

Summary of Supplemental cash flow information related to leases


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	367,438	$	186,372	$	93,227
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	13,400	$	11,060	$	12,917
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	53,467	$	42,740	$	63,109

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	$	753,935	$	1,402,357	$	1,489,637
Finance leases	$	53,771	$	66,312	$	—

Summary of supplemental balance sheet information related to leases


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets (1)	$	3,065,448	$	2,823,834

Other current liabilities (1)	$	317,395	$	210,855
Operating lease liabilities (1)		3,121,307		2,808,774
Total operating lease liabilities (1)	$	3,438,702	$	3,019,629

Finance Leases:
Property and equipment, gross	$	833,933	$	772,420
Accumulated depreciation		(520,344)		(425,696)
Property and equipment, net	$	313,589	$	346,724

Other current liabilities	$	56,459	$	48,066
Other long-term liabilities		67,199		75,287
Total finance lease liabilities	$	123,658	$	123,353

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:
Operating leases		10.6 years		11.8 years
Finance leases		2.2 years		2.7 years

Weighted Average Discount Rate:
Operating leases		9.5%		7.2%
Finance leases		9.7%		9.8%

(1)

In the fourth quarter of 2023, we revised certain terms with a vendor supplying communication towers. The revision in terms resulted in a lease modification, which was not accounted for as a separate contract. On the measurement date, we reassessed the terms of the original agreement, including but not limited to the timing of future cash flows, the remaining economic life of the underlying asset, the discount rate and the lease classification. This resulted in a reduction to both the operating lease asset and operating lease liability by approximately $227 million, which is included in “Operating lease assets,” and “Operating lease liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Summary of maturities of operating lease liabilities


	Maturities of Lease Liabilities
	Operating		Finance
For the Years Ending December 31,	Leases		Leases		Total

	(In thousands)
2024	$	448,503	$	66,073	$	514,576
2025		485,783		35,392		521,175
2026		516,143		36,588		552,731
2027		515,022		2,574		517,596
2028		471,980		—		471,980
Thereafter		3,170,778		—		3,170,778
Total lease payments		5,608,209		140,627		5,748,836
Less: Imputed interest		(2,169,507)		(16,969)		(2,186,476)
Total		3,438,702		123,658		3,562,360
Less: Current portion		(317,395)		(56,459)		(373,854)
Long-term portion of lease obligations	$	3,121,307	$	67,199	$	3,188,506

Schedule of Lease Revenue


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Lease revenue:
Sales-type lease revenue	$	13,431	$	8,777	$	8,726
Operating lease revenue		42,565		44,350		41,955
Total lease revenue	$	55,996	$	53,127	$	50,681

Schedule of Operating Lease Payments to be Received

The following table presents future operating lease payments to be received as of December 31, 2023:


For the Years Ending December 31,	Total
	(In thousands)
2024	$	36,008
2025		31,803
2026		30,579
2027		25,752
2028		11,687
Thereafter		34,588
Total lease payments to be received	$	170,417

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Depreciation and Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Depreciation and amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization	$ 1,597,923	$ 1,174,895	$ 1,213,946
Equipment leased to customers
Depreciation and amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization	329,449	400,651	473,130
Satellites
Depreciation and amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization	264,433	268,994	318,685
Buildings, furniture, fixtures, equipment and other
Depreciation and amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization	144,722	98,762	96,658
5G Network Deployment equipment
Depreciation and amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization	371,640	29,992	8,263
Software and computer equipment
Depreciation and amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization	270,200	185,538	118,671
Intangible assets and other amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization expense
Depreciation and amortization	$ 217,479	$ 190,958	$ 198,539

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities - Other Income Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Other Income (Expense)
Marketable and non-marketable investment securities - realized and unrealized gains (losses)	$ 13,664	$ 73,293	$ 66,394
Derivative instruments - net realized and/or unrealized gains (losses)	(1,793,387)	1,015,387	(13,000)
Other investment securities - other-than-temporary impairments	(39,800)		(55,266)
Gains (losses) related to early redemption of debt	73,024	(922)	(3,587)
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)	5,677	5,235	(12,612)
Equity in earnings (losses) of affiliates	(8,098)	(3,087)	(6,221)
Other	(21,872)	(1,465)	29,008
Total	(1,770,792)	$ 1,088,441	$ 4,716
Loss on investment	$ 24,000
5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024
Other Income (Expense)
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.875%
Broadband connectivity solutions
Other Income (Expense)
Impairment	$ 33,000

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at beginning of period	$ (175,267)	$ (211,821)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	14,976	34,452
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification	(241)	2,125
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	476	(23)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at end of period	(160,056)	(175,267)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at beginning of period	(175,047)	(209,499)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	14,878	34,452
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at end of period	(160,169)	(175,047)
Unrealized/Recognized Gains (Losses)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at beginning of period	(122)	436
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification	(241)	(535)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	476	(23)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at end of period	113	(122)
Other
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at beginning of period	(98)	(2,758)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$ 98
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification		2,660
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), balance at end of period		$ (98)

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

- Definition

Amount, after tax, of accumulated increase (decrease) in equity from transaction and other event and circumstance from nonowner source.

+ References + Details

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets

8.Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following:


	Depreciable			As of
	Life			December 31,		December 31,
	(In Years)			2023		2022

				(In thousands)
Equipment leased to customers	2	-	5	$	1,977,450	$	2,161,173
Satellites	5	-	15		4,168,766		3,527,788
Satellites acquired under finance lease agreements		15			712,832		705,090
Furniture, fixtures, equipment and other	1	-	20		1,691,389		1,479,063
5G Network Deployment equipment (1)	3	-	15		4,263,327		770,153
Software and computer equipment	2	-	6		2,503,597		2,026,648
Buildings and improvements	1	-	40		538,815		497,386
Land		-			46,675		46,638
Construction in progress		-			1,844,338		3,979,145
Total property and equipment					17,747,189		15,193,084
Accumulated depreciation					(8,185,355)		(7,288,127)
Property and equipment, net				$	9,561,834	$	7,904,957

(1)	Includes 5G Network Deployment assets acquired under finance lease agreements.

Construction in progress consisted of the following:


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Pay-TV	$	162,055	$	36,936
Retail Wireless		—		—
5G Network Deployment		1,639,945		3,133,687
Broadband and Satellite Services (1)		42,338		808,522
Total construction in progress	$	1,844,338	$	3,979,145

(1)

In August 2017, we entered into a contract for the design and construction of the EchoStar XXIV satellite, a next-generation, high throughput geostationary satellite. The satellite began service in December 2023 and is expected to bring further consumer broadband capacity across North and South America and generate additional sales in other markets, including in-flight Wi-Fi, enterprise networking and cellular backhaul for mobile network operators across the two continents. The satellite was placed into service in the fourth quarter of 2023.

Depreciation and amortization expense consisted of the following:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Equipment leased to customers	$	329,449	$	400,651	$	473,130
Satellites		264,433		268,994		318,685
Buildings, furniture, fixtures, equipment and other		144,722		98,762		96,658
5G Network Deployment equipment		371,640		29,992		8,263
Software and computer equipment		270,200		185,538		118,671
Intangible assets and other amortization expense		217,479		190,958		198,539
Total depreciation and amortization	$	1,597,923	$	1,174,895	$	1,213,946

Cost of sales and operating expense categories included in our accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) do not include depreciation and amortization expense related to satellites, equipment leased to customers, or our 5G Network Deployment equipment and software, and amortization of development costs of externally marketed software.

Activity relating to our asset retirement obligations was as follows:


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	183,135	$	51,551
Liabilities incurred		74,189		124,822
Accretion expense		20,963		6,762
Revision to estimated cash flows		—		—
Balance at end of period	$	278,287	$	183,135

Total included in Other long-term liabilities	$	278,287	$	183,135

The corresponding assets, net of accumulated depreciation, related to asset retirement obligations were $217 million and $162 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Satellites Pay-TV Segment

Our Pay-TV segment currently utilizes nine satellites in geostationary orbit approximately 22,300 miles above the equator, seven of which we own and depreciate over their estimated useful life. We also lease two satellites from third parties: Anik F3, which is accounted for as an operating lease, and Nimiq 5, which is accounted for as a finance lease and is depreciated over its economic life. As of July 2023, we no longer lease the Ciel II satellite.

As of December 31, 2023, our Pay-TV segment satellite fleet consisted of the following:


		Degree	Lease
	Launch	Orbital	Termination
Satellites	Date	Location	Date
Owned:
EchoStar X	February 2006	110	N/A
EchoStar XI	July 2008	110	N/A
EchoStar XIV	March 2010	119	N/A
EchoStar XV	July 2010	61.5	N/A
EchoStar XVI	November 2012	61.5	N/A
EchoStar XVIII	June 2016	61.5	N/A
EchoStar XXIII	March 2017	110	N/A

Under Construction:
EchoStar XXV	2026	110	N/A

Leased from Other Third-Party:
Anik F3	April 2007	118.7	April 2025
Nimiq 5	September 2009	72.7	September 2024

Satellite Under Construction

EchoStar XXV. On March 20, 2023, we entered into a contract with Maxar Space LLC for the construction of EchoStar XXV, a DBS satellite that is capable of providing service to the continental United States (“CONUS”) and is intended to be used at the 110 degree orbital location. During the fourth quarter of 2023, we entered into an agreement with Space Exploration Technologies Corp (“SpaceX”) for launch services for this satellite, which is expected to be launched during 2026.

Satellite Anomalies

Operation of our DISH TV services requires that we have adequate satellite transmission capacity for the programming that we offer. While we generally have had in-orbit satellite capacity sufficient to transmit our existing channels and some backup capacity to recover the transmission of certain critical programming, our backup capacity is limited.

In the event of a failure or loss of any of our owned or leased satellites, we may need to acquire or lease additional satellite capacity or relocate one of our other owned or leased satellites and use it as a replacement for the failed or lost satellite. Such a failure could result in a prolonged loss of critical programming or a significant delay in our plans to expand programming as necessary to remain competitive and thus may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In the past, certain of our owned and leased satellites have experienced anomalies, some of which have had a significant adverse impact on their remaining useful life and/or commercial operation. There can be no assurance that future anomalies will not impact the remaining useful life and/or commercial operation of any of the owned and leased satellites in our fleet. See Note 2 for further information on evaluation of impairment. There can be no assurance that we can recover critical transmission capacity in the event one or more of our owned or leased in-orbit satellites were to fail. We generally do not carry commercial launch or in-orbit insurance on any of the satellites that we own and therefore, we will bear the risk associated with any uninsured launch or in-orbit satellite failures.

Satellites - Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

Our Broadband and Satellite Services segment currently utilizes nine satellites in geostationary orbit approximately 22,300 miles above the equator, six of which we own and depreciate over their estimated useful life. We also lease three satellites from third parties, which are accounted for as finance leases and are depreciated over their economic life.

As of December 31, 2023, our Broadband and Satellite Services segment satellite fleet consisted of the following:


		Degree	Lease
	Launch	Orbital	Termination
Satellites	Date	Location	Date
Owned:
EchoStar IX	August 2003	121	N/A
EchoStar XVII	July 2012	107	N/A
EchoStar XIX	December 2016	97.1	N/A
EchoStar XXI	June 2017	10.25	N/A
Al Yah 3	January 2018	20	N/A
EchoStar XXIV	July 2023	95.2	N/A

Leased from Other Third-Party:
Eutelsat 65 West A	March 2016	65	July 2031
Telesat T19V	July 2018	63	August 2033
EchoStar 105/SES-11	October 2017	105	November 2028

Eutelsat 10A satellite was deorbited in the fourth quarter of 2023. The Spaceway 3 satellite was deorbited in January 2024 and is excluded from the table above.

Satellite Anomalies and Impairments

Our satellites may experience anomalies from time to time, some of which may have a significant adverse effect on their remaining useful lives, the commercial operation of the satellites or our operating results or financial position. We are not aware of any anomalies with respect to our owned or leased satellites that have had any such significant adverse effect during the year ended December 31, 2023.

There can be no assurance that future anomalies will not impact the remaining useful life and/or commercial operation of any of the owned and leased satellites in our fleet. See Note 2 for further information on evaluation of impairment. There can be no assurance that we can recover critical transmission capacity in the event one or more of our owned or leased in-orbit satellites were to fail.

We generally do not carry in-orbit insurance on our satellites or payloads because we have assessed that the cost of insurance is not economical relative to the risk of failures. Therefore, we generally bear the risk of any in-orbit failures. Pursuant to the terms of our joint venture agreement with Al Yah Satellite Communications Company PrJSC (“Yahsat”) in Brazil in 2019, we are required to maintain insurance for the Al Yah 3 Brazilian payload during the commercial in-orbit service of such payload, subject to certain limitations on coverage. The insurance policies were procured by Yahsat, under which we and Yahsat are the beneficiaries of any claims in proportion to their shareholdings. An insurance claim was submitted in the second quarter of 2023 for compensation with respect to the reduction in estimated useful life of the Al Yah 3 satellite. We have obtained certain insurance for our EchoStar XXIV satellite covering launch plus the first year of operations. We will continue to assess circumstances going forward and make insurance-related decisions on a case-by-case basis.

Intangible Assets

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our identifiable intangibles subject to amortization consisted of the following:


	As of
	December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Intangible		Accumulated		Intangible		Accumulated
	Assets		Amortization		Assets		Amortization

	(In thousands)
Technology-based	$	115,166	$	(111,989)	$	114,945	$	(111,422)
Trademarks		164,834		(90,326)		164,834		(78,209)
Contract-based		41,500		(41,500)		41,500		(41,500)
Customer relationships		902,858		(807,651)		903,083		(637,442)
Total	$	1,224,358	$	(1,051,466)	$	1,224,362	$	(868,573)

These identifiable intangibles are included in “Intangible assets, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of these intangible assets is recorded on a straight-line basis over an average finite useful life primarily ranging from approximately two to 20 years. Amortization was $183 million, $156 million and $169 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Estimated future amortization of our identifiable intangible assets as of December 31, 2023 is as follows (in thousands):


For the Years Ended December 31,
	(In thousands)
2024	$	97,918
2025		15,812
2026		14,115
2027		12,851
2028		12,357
Thereafter		19,617
Total	$	172,670

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date and is not subject to amortization but is subject to impairment testing annually or whenever indicators of impairment arise.

During the year ended December 31, 2023 we recorded a noncash impairment charge for goodwill of $758 million in “Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 2 for further information. The non-recurring measurement of fair value of goodwill is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our Goodwill consisted of the following:


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Pay-TV	$	—	$	6,457
Retail Wireless		—		98,657
5G Network Deployment		—		119,903
Broadband and Satellite Services		—		532,491
Total goodwill	$	—	$	757,508

Regulatory Authorizations – Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our Regulatory Authorizations with indefinite lives consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Owned:
DBS Licenses	$	677,409	$	677,409
700 MHz Licenses		711,871		711,871
AWS-4 Licenses		1,940,000		1,940,000
H Block Licenses		1,671,506		1,671,506
600 MHz Licenses		6,213,335		6,212,579
MVDDS Licenses		24,000		24,000
28 GHz Licenses		2,883		2,883
24 GHz Licenses		11,772		11,772
37 GHz, 39 GHz & 47 GHz Licenses		202,533		202,533
3550-3650 MHz Licenses		912,939		912,939
3.7-3.98 GHz Licenses		2,969		2,688
3.45-3.55 GHz Licenses		7,327,989		7,327,989
1695-1710 MHz, 1755-1780 MHz, and 2155-2180 MHz		972		—
AWS-3		5,618,930		5,618,930
Subtotal		25,319,108		25,317,099
Noncontrolling Investments:
SNR		4,271,459		4,271,459

Capitalized Interest (1)		8,523,682		7,344,515
Total	$	38,114,249	$	36,933,073

(1)	See Note 2 for further information.

Regulatory Authorizations – Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our Regulatory Authorizations for our Broadband and Satellite Services segment with indefinite lives consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
95 W	$	200,000	$	200,000
107 W		200,000		200,000
Sirion-1 Filing		39,160		39,160
Total	$	439,160	$	439,160

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our Regulatory Authorizations with finite lives consisted of the following:

As of

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Finite Lived

Accumulated

Finite Lived

Accumulated

Assets

Amortization

Assets

Amortization

(In thousands)

Total

58,061

(38,490)

55,317

(31,946)

These identifiable intangibles are included in “Regulatory Authorizations, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of these intangible assets is recorded on a straight-line basis over an average finite useful life of thirteen years. Amortization was $5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and $4 million and $4 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Foreign currency translation adjustments were gains of $1 million, losses of $2 million and gains of $1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Estimated future amortization of our identifiable intangible assets as of December 31, 2023 is as follows (in thousands):


For the Years Ended December 31,
	(In thousands)
2024	$	5,607
2025		4,055
2026		4,055
2027		1,880
2028		589
Thereafter		3,385
Total	$	19,571

Revenue Recognition (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Revenue Recognition

Summary of valuation and qualifying accounts


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	59,790	$	53,122	$	87,665
Current period provision for expected credit losses		101,387		112,575		76,674
Write-offs charged against allowance		(87,113)		(109,856)		(111,463)
Acquisitions		—		78		92
Foreign currency translation		326		3,871		154
Balance at end of period	$	74,390	$	59,790	$	53,122

Summary of contract asset and contract liability balances


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Contract assets	$	66,103	$	73,435


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Contract liabilities	$	710,456	$	802,823

Summary of activity in contract acquisition costs, net


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	460,876	$	555,614	$	567,789
Additions		321,470		400,124		460,573
Amortization expense		(431,181)		(495,456)		(471,571)
Foreign currency translation		949		594		(1,177)
Balance at end of period	$	352,114	$	460,876	$	555,614

Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

15.Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

As of December 31, 2023, future maturities of our long-term debt, finance lease and contractual obligations are summarized as follows:


	Payments due by period
	Total		2024		2025		2026		2027		2028		Thereafter

	(In thousands)
Long-term debt obligations	$	22,709,868	$	2,990,195	$	1,993,990	$	9,177,173	$	3,520,219	$	3,505,748	$	1,522,543
Interest expense on long-term debt		4,772,180		1,329,564		1,200,118		1,196,621		708,677		295,967		41,233
Finance lease obligations (1)		123,658		56,459		30,381		34,290		2,528		—		—
Interest expense on finance lease obligations (1)		16,969		9,614		5,011		2,298		46		—		—
Other long-term obligations (2)		13,602,205		2,908,585		2,218,024		1,934,515		1,178,310		1,037,835		4,324,936
Operating lease obligations (1)		5,608,209		448,503		485,783		516,143		515,022		471,980		3,170,778
Purchase obligations		2,052,715		2,022,015		26,036		4,664		—		—		—
Total	$	48,885,804	$	9,764,935	$	5,959,343	$	12,865,704	$	5,924,802	$	5,311,530	$	9,059,490

(1)	See Note 9 for further information on leases.

(2)

Represents minimum contractual commitments related to communication tower obligations, certain 5G Network Deployment commitments, obligations under the NSA with AT&T and the MNSA with T-Mobile, certain wireless device purchases and marketing obligations, radios, software and integration services and satellite related and other obligations.

In certain circumstances the dates on which we are obligated to make these payments could be delayed.

The table above does not include $610 million of liabilities associated with unrecognized tax benefits that were accrued, as discussed in Note 11 and are included on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023. We do not expect any portion of this amount to be paid or settled within the next 12 months.

The table above does not include all potential expenses we expect to incur for our 5G Network Deployment. We currently expect capital expenditures, excluding capitalized interest, for our 5G Network Deployment to be approximately $10 billion, including amounts incurred in 2021, 2022 and 2023, of which approximately $1.557 billion is included in the table above in “Other long-term obligations.”

Agreements in Connection with the Asset Purchase Agreement

On July 1, 2020, we completed the Boost Mobile Acquisition. In connection with the closing of the Boost Mobile Acquisition, we and T-Mobile entered into, among other things, a spectrum purchase agreement for the option to purchase all of Sprint’s 800 MHz spectrum licenses for approximately $3.59 billion (“License Purchase Agreement”). The $3.59 billion is not included in “Other long-term obligations” above. If we elect to not exercise the option to purchase the 800 MHz spectrum licenses pursuant to the License Purchase Agreement or it expires, we were potentially subject to pay T-Mobile a fee of approximately $72 million per the License Purchase Agreement, under certain circumstances. In conjunction with the Amendment that modifies the License Purchase Agreement, discussed below, the $72 million fee has been superseded by the Upfront Payment.

On June 30, 2023, the DOJ provided notice to the District Court that, pursuant to its discretion under the Final Judgment, it granted a 60-day extension of the deadline for T-Mobile to divest the 800 MHz spectrum licenses, which expired on August 30, 2023.

On August 17, 2023, we filed a petition with the District Court seeking an extension of the deadline for T-Mobile to divest the 800 MHz spectrum licenses.

On October 15, 2023, we and T-Mobile entered into the Amendment that, among other things, provides the Extension. In connection with the Extension, we agreed to make an Upfront Payment of $100 million to T-Mobile. The Amendment also resolves all outstanding disputes between the parties with respect to the License Purchase Agreement. On October 25, 2023, we paid the $100 million Upfront Payment to T-Mobile.

The Amendment has been approved by the DOJ in accordance with the Stipulation and Order filed in the District Court on July 26, 2019 and the Final Judgment entered by the District Court on April 1, 2020. The Amendment became effective upon the District Court entering the Amended Final Judgment on October 23, 2023.

The Upfront Payment is fully creditable against the purchase price in the event we exercise our option to purchase the 800 MHz spectrum licenses from T-Mobile. T-Mobile has the right (but not the obligation) to pursue an alternative offer between now and April 1, 2024 provided that we retain the first right to purchase the spectrum before April 1, 2024. If we elect to not exercise the option to purchase the 800 MHz spectrum licenses pursuant to the License Purchase Agreement or it expires, T-Mobile will retain the $100 million Upfront Payment per the Amendment.

Wireless – 5G Network Deployment

We have invested a total of over $30 billion in Wireless spectrum licenses, which includes over $10 billion in initial noncontrolling investments in certain entities. The $30 billion of investments related to Wireless spectrum licenses does not include $9 billion of capitalized interest related to the carrying value of such licenses. See Note 2 for further information on capitalized interest.

We will need to raise additional capital in the future, which may not be available on favorable terms, to fund the efforts described below, as well as, among other things, make any potential Northstar Re-Auction Payment and SNR Re-Auction Payment for the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC. There can be no assurance that we will be able to profitably deploy these Wireless spectrum licenses, which may affect the carrying amount of these assets and our future financial condition or results of operations.

Wireless Spectrum Licenses

These Wireless spectrum licenses are subject to certain build-out requirements, as well as certain renewal requirements that are summarized in the table below:


	Carrying		Build-Out Deadlines		Expiration
	Amount		Interim	Final	Date
	(In thousands)
Owned:
DBS Licenses (1)	$	677,409
700 MHz Licenses (2)		711,871		June 14, 2025 (3)	June 2033
AWS-4 Licenses (2)		1,940,000		June 14, 2025 (3)	June 2033
H Block Licenses (2)		1,671,506		June 14, 2025 (4)	June 2033
600 MHz Licenses		6,213,335		June 14, 2025 (5)	June 2029
MVDDS Licenses (1)		24,000			July 2024
LMDS Licenses (1)		—			September 2028
28 GHz Licenses		2,883		October 2, 2029 (6)	October 2029
24 GHz Licenses		11,772		December 11, 2029 (6)	December 2029
37 GHz, 39 GHz and 47 GHz Licenses		202,533		June 4, 2030 (6)	June 2030
3550-3650 MHz Licenses		912,939		March 12, 2031 (6)	March 2031
3.7-3.98 GHz Licenses		2,969	July 23, 2029 (6)	July 23, 2033 (6)	July 2036
3.45–3.55 GHz Licenses		7,327,989	May 4, 2026 (6)	May 4, 2030 (6)	May 2037
1695-1710 MHz, 1755-1780 MHz, and 2155-2180 MHz (2)		972			March 2026
AWS-3 (8)		5,618,930		October 2025 (7)	October 2025 (7)
Subtotal		25,319,108
Noncontrolling Investments:
SNR (9)		4,271,459		October 2025 (7)	October 2025 (7)

Capitalized Interest (10)		8,523,682
Total as of December 31, 2023	$	38,114,249

(1)	The build-out deadlines for these licenses have been met.

(2)	The interim build-out deadlines for these licenses are in the past.

(3)

In a July 14, 2023 filing to the FCC, we certified that we were offering 5G broadband service to at least 70% of the United States population as of June 14, 2023, and certified to meeting other FCC related commitments. As a result of us providing 5G broadband service to over 50% of the U.S. population by June 14, 2023, the final build-out deadlines have been extended automatically to June 14, 2025. For these licenses, we must offer 5G broadband service to at least 70% of the population in each Economic Area (which is a service area established by the FCC). On September 29, 2023, the FCC confirmed we have met all of our June 14, 2023 band-specific 5G deployment commitments, and two of our three nationwide 5G commitments. The single remaining 5G commitment, that at least 70% of the U.S. population has access to average download speeds equal to 35 Mbps, will be confirmed using the drive test methodology agreed to and approved by the FCC. We have six months from September 29, 2023 to complete this drive test.

(4)

In a July 14, 2023 filing to the FCC, we certified that we were offering 5G broadband service to at least 70% of the United States population as of June 14, 2023, and certified to meeting other FCC related commitments. As a result of us providing 5G broadband service to over 50% of the U.S. population by June 14, 2023, the final build-out deadlines have been extended automatically to June 14, 2025. For these licenses, we must offer 5G broadband service to at least 75% of the population in each Economic Area (which is a service area established by the FCC). On September 29, 2023, the FCC confirmed we have met all of our June 14, 2023 band-specific 5G deployment commitments, and two of our three nationwide 5G commitments. The single remaining 5G commitment, that at least 70% of the U.S. population has access to average download speeds equal to 35 Mbps, will be confirmed using the drive test methodology agreed to and approved by the FCC. We have six months from September 29, 2023 to complete this drive test.

(5)

For these licenses, we must offer 5G broadband service to at least 75% of the population in each Partial Economic Area (which is a service area established by the FCC) by this date. We have also acquired certain additional 600 MHz licenses through private transactions. These licenses are currently subject to their original FCC buildout deadlines.

(6)	There are a variety of build-out options and associated build-out metrics associated with these licenses.

(7)

For these licenses, we must provide reliable signal coverage and offer service to at least 75% of the population of each license area by this date. The AWS-3 interim build-out requirement was not met and as a result, the AWS-3 expiration date and the AWS-3 final build-out requirement have been accelerated by two years (from October 2027 to October 2025) for each AWS-3 License area for which we did not meet the requirement.

(8)

On October 12, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of Northstar Manager’s ownership interests in Northstar Spectrum, which we purchased for a total of approximately $109 million. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our noncontrolling investment as it related to Northstar Spectrum as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the Northstar Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries.

(9)

Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of SNR Wireless Management’s ownership interests in SNR HoldCo, which was purchased by our direct wholly-owned subsidiary EchoStar SNR HoldCo LLC for a total of approximately $442 million on February 16, 2024. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to SNR HoldCo as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the SNR Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries.

(10)	See Note 2 for further information.

Commercialization of Our Wireless Spectrum Licenses and Related Assets. We plan to commercialize our Wireless spectrum licenses through our 5G Network Deployment. We have committed to deploy our 5G Network capable of serving increasingly larger portions of the U.S. population at different deadlines, including 20% of the U.S. population by June 2022 and 70% of the U.S. population by June 2023. If by June 2023, we are offering 5G broadband service to at least 50% of the U.S. population but less than 70% of the U.S. population, the 70% June 2023 deadline will be extended automatically to June 2025; however, as a result, we may, under certain circumstances, potentially be subject to certain penalties. On June 14, 2022, we announced we had successfully reached our 20% population coverage requirement. In addition, we announced and certified to the FCC that as of June 14, 2023, we offer 5G broadband service to over 73% of the U.S. population, or more than 246 million Americans nationwide. On September 29, 2023, the FCC confirmed we have met all of our June 14, 2023 band-specific 5G deployment commitments, and two of our three nationwide 5G commitments. The single remaining 5G commitment, that at least 70% of the U.S. population has access to average download speeds equal to 35 Mbps, will be confirmed using the drive test methodology agreed to and approved by the FCC. We have six months from September 29, 2023 to complete this drive test. We now have the largest commercial deployment of 5G VoNR in the world reaching approximately 200 million Americans and 5G broadband service reaching approximately 250 million Americans. We currently expect capital expenditures, excluding capitalized interest, for our 5G Network Deployment to be approximately $10 billion, including amounts incurred in 2021, 2022 and 2023. See Note 2 for further information.

As a result of us providing 5G broadband service to over 50% of the U.S. population by June 14, 2023, the final build-out deadlines have been extended automatically to June 14, 2025 for us to offer 5G broadband service to at least 70% of the population in each Economic Area for the 700 MHz Licenses and AWS-4 Licenses and at least 75% of the population in each Economic Area for the H Block Licenses.

We may need to make significant additional investments or partner with others to, among other things, continue our 5G Network Deployment and further commercialize, build-out and integrate these licenses and related assets and any additional acquired licenses and related assets, as well as to comply with regulations applicable to such licenses. Depending on the nature and scope of such activities, any such investments or partnerships could vary significantly. In addition, as we continue our 5G Network Deployment, we have and may continue to incur significant additional expenses related to, among other things, research and development, wireless testing and ongoing upgrades to the wireless network infrastructure, software and third-party integration. As a result of these investments, among other factors, we plan to raise additional capital, which may not be available on favorable terms. We may also determine that additional wireless spectrum licenses may be required for our 5G Network Deployment and to compete effectively with other wireless service providers.

DISH Network Noncontrolling Investments in the Northstar Entities and the SNR Entities Related to AWS-3 Wireless Spectrum Licenses

Noncontrolling Investments

Recent Developments. On October 12, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of Northstar Manager’s ownership interests in Northstar Spectrum, which we purchased for a total of approximately $109 million. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to Northstar Spectrum as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the Northstar Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries. Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of SNR Management’s ownership interests in SNR HoldCo, which was purchased by our direct wholly-owned subsidiary EchoStar SNR HoldCo LLC for a total of approximately $442 million on February 16, 2024. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to SNR HoldCo as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the SNR Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries.

During 2015, through our wholly-owned subsidiaries American II and American III, we initially made over $10 billion in certain noncontrolling investments in Northstar Spectrum, the parent company of Northstar Wireless, and in SNR HoldCo, the parent company of SNR Wireless, respectively. Under the applicable accounting guidance in ASC 810, Northstar Spectrum and SNR HoldCo are considered VIEs and, based on the characteristics of the structure of these entities and in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we consolidate these entities into our financial statements. See Note 2 for further information.

Northstar Investment. As of 2015, through American II, we owned a noncontrolling interest in Northstar Spectrum, which was comprised of 85% of the Class B Common Interests and 100% of the Class A Preferred Interests of Northstar Spectrum. Northstar Manager is the sole manager of Northstar Spectrum and owns a controlling interest in Northstar Spectrum, which was comprised of 15% of the Class B Common Interests of Northstar Spectrum. As of March 31, 2018, the total equity contributions from American II and Northstar Manager to Northstar Spectrum were approximately $7.621 billion and $133 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2018, the total loans from American II to Northstar Wireless under the Northstar Credit Agreement (as defined below) for payments to the FCC related to the Northstar Licenses (as defined below) were approximately $500 million. See below for further information.

Northstar Purchase Agreement. On December 30, 2020, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American II, we entered into a Purchase Agreement (the “Northstar Purchase Agreement”) with Northstar Manager and Northstar Spectrum, pursuant to which American II purchased 80% of Northstar Manager’s Class B Common Interests in Northstar Spectrum (the “Northstar Transaction”) for a purchase price of approximately $312 million. As a result of the Northstar Transaction, through American II, we hold 97% of the Class B Common Interests in Northstar Spectrum and Northstar Manager holds 3% of the Class B Common Interests in Northstar Spectrum. Other than the change in ownership percentage of Northstar Spectrum, the Northstar Transaction did not modify or amend in any way the existing arrangements between or among the Northstar parties.

SNR Investment. As of 2015, through American III, we own a noncontrolling interest in SNR HoldCo, which is comprised of 85% of the Class B Common Interests and 100% of the Class A Preferred Interests of SNR HoldCo. SNR Management is the sole manager of SNR HoldCo and owns a controlling interest in SNR HoldCo, which is comprised of 15% of the Class B Common Interests of SNR HoldCo. As of March 31, 2018, the total equity contributions from American III and SNR Management to SNR HoldCo were approximately $5.590 billion and $93 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2018, the total loans from American III to SNR Wireless under the SNR Credit Agreement (as defined below) for payments to the FCC related to the SNR Licenses (as defined below) were approximately $500 million. See below for further information.

AWS-3 Auction

Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless each filed applications with the FCC to participate in Auction 97 (the “AWS-3 Auction”) for the purpose of acquiring certain AWS-3 Licenses. Each of Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless applied to receive bidding credits of 25% as designated entities under applicable FCC rules. Northstar Wireless was the winning bidder for AWS-3 Licenses with gross winning bid amounts totaling approximately $7.845 billion, which after taking into account a 25% bidding credit, was approximately $5.884 billion. SNR Wireless was the winning bidder for AWS-3 Licenses with gross winning bid amounts totaling approximately $5.482 billion, which after taking into account a 25% bidding credit, was approximately $4.112 billion. In addition to the net winning bids, SNR Wireless made a bid withdrawal payment of approximately $8 million.

FCC Order and October 2015 Arrangements. On August 18, 2015, the FCC released a Memorandum Opinion and Order, FCC 15-104 (the “Order”) in which the FCC determined, among other things, that DISH Network has a controlling interest in, and is an affiliate of, Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless, and therefore DISH Network’s revenues should be attributed to them, which in turn makes Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless ineligible to receive the 25% bidding credits (approximately $1.961 billion for Northstar Wireless and $1.370 billion for SNR Wireless). On November 23, 2020, the FCC released a Memorandum Opinion and Order on Remand, FCC 20-160, that found that Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless are not eligible for bidding credits based on the FCC’s determination that they remain under DISH Network’s de facto control. Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless have appealed the FCC’s order to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals. On June 21, 2022, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia issued an Opinion rejecting this challenge. On January 17, 2023, Northstar Wireless filed a petition for a writ of certiorari asking the United States Supreme Court to hear a further appeal, but that petition was denied on June 30, 2023.

Letters Exchanged between Northstar Wireless and the FCC Wireless Bureau. As outlined in letters exchanged between Northstar Wireless and the Wireless Telecommunications Bureau of the FCC (the “FCC Wireless Bureau”), Northstar Wireless paid the gross winning bid amounts for 261 AWS-3 Licenses (the “Northstar Licenses”) totaling approximately $5.619 billion through the application of funds already on deposit with the FCC. Northstar Wireless also notified the FCC that it would not be paying the gross winning bid amounts for 84 AWS-3 Licenses totaling approximately $2.226 billion. As a result of the nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts, the FCC retained those licenses and Northstar Wireless owed the FCC an additional interim payment of approximately $334 million (the “Northstar Interim Payment”), which is equal to 15% of $2.226 billion. The Northstar Interim Payment was recorded as an expense during the fourth quarter of 2015. Northstar Wireless immediately satisfied the Northstar Interim Payment through the application of funds already on deposit with the FCC and an additional loan from American II of approximately $69 million. As a result, the FCC will not deem Northstar Wireless to be a “current defaulter” under applicable FCC rules.

In addition, the FCC Wireless Bureau acknowledged that Northstar Wireless’ nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts does not constitute action involving gross misconduct, misrepresentation or bad faith. Therefore, the FCC concluded that such nonpayment will not affect the eligibility of Northstar Wireless, its investors (including DISH Network) or their respective affiliates to participate in future spectrum auctions (including Auction 1000 and any re-auction of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC). At this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction of those AWS-3 licenses.

If the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are greater than or equal to the winning bids of Northstar Wireless, no additional amounts will be owed to the FCC. However, if those winning bids are less than the winning bids of Northstar Wireless, then Northstar Wireless will be responsible for the difference less any overpayment of the Northstar Interim Payment (which will be recalculated as 15% of the winning bids from re-auction or other award) (the “Northstar Re-Auction Payment”). For example, if the winning bids in a re-auction are $1, the Northstar Re-Auction Payment would be approximately $1.892 billion, which is calculated as the difference between $2.226 billion (the Northstar winning bid amounts) and $1 (the winning bids from re-auction) less the resulting $334 million overpayment of the Northstar Interim Payment. As discussed above, at this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the timing or outcome of any re-auction or the amount of any Northstar Re-Auction Payment.

DISH Network Guaranty in Favor of the FCC for Certain Northstar Wireless Obligations. On October 1, 2015, DISH Network entered into a guaranty in favor of the FCC (the “FCC Northstar Guaranty”) with respect to the Northstar Interim Payment (which was satisfied on October 1, 2015) and any Northstar Re-Auction Payment. The FCC Northstar Guaranty provides, among other things, that during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC Northstar Guaranty and the date such guaranteed payments are paid: (i) Northstar Wireless’ payment obligations to American II under the Northstar Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments; and (ii) DISH Network or American II will withhold exercising certain rights as a creditor of Northstar Wireless.

Letters Exchanged between SNR Wireless and the FCC Wireless Bureau. As outlined in letters exchanged between SNR Wireless and the FCC Wireless Bureau, SNR Wireless paid the gross winning bid amounts for 244 AWS-3 Licenses (the “SNR Licenses”) totaling approximately $4.271 billion through the application of funds already on deposit with the FCC and a portion of an additional loan from American III in an aggregate amount of approximately $344 million (which included an additional bid withdrawal payment of approximately $3 million). SNR Wireless also notified the FCC that it would not be paying the gross winning bid amounts for 113 AWS-3 Licenses totaling approximately $1.211 billion.

As a result of the nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts, the FCC retained those licenses and SNR Wireless owed the FCC an additional interim payment of approximately $182 million (the “SNR Interim Payment”), which is equal to 15% of $1.211 billion. The SNR Interim Payment was recorded as an expense during the fourth quarter of 2015. SNR Wireless immediately satisfied the SNR Interim Payment through a portion of an additional loan from American III in an aggregate amount of approximately $344 million. As a result, the FCC will not deem SNR Wireless to be a “current defaulter” under applicable FCC rules.

In addition, the FCC Wireless Bureau acknowledged that SNR Wireless’ nonpayment of those gross winning bid amounts does not constitute action involving gross misconduct, misrepresentation or bad faith. Therefore, the FCC concluded that such nonpayment will not affect the eligibility of SNR Wireless, its investors (including DISH Network) or their respective affiliates to participate in future spectrum auctions (including Auction 1000 and any re-auction of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC). At this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction of those AWS-3 licenses.

If the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are greater than or equal to the winning bids of SNR Wireless, no additional amounts will be owed to the FCC. However, if those winning bids are less than the winning bids of SNR Wireless, then SNR Wireless will be responsible for the difference less any overpayment of the SNR Interim Payment (which will be recalculated as 15% of the winning bids from re-auction or other award) (the “SNR Re-Auction Payment”). For example, if the winning bids in a re-auction are $1, the SNR Re-Auction Payment would be approximately $1.029 billion, which is calculated as the difference between $1.211 billion (the SNR winning bid amounts) and $1 (the winning bids from re-auction) less the resulting $182 million overpayment of the SNR Interim Payment. As discussed above, at this time, DISH Network (through itself, a subsidiary or another entity in which it may hold a direct or indirect interest) expects to participate in any re-auction. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the timing or outcome of any re-auction or the amount of any SNR Re-Auction Payment.

DISH Network Guaranty in Favor of the FCC for Certain SNR Wireless Obligations. On October 1, 2015, DISH Network entered into a guaranty in favor of the FCC (the “FCC SNR Guaranty”) with respect to the SNR Interim Payment (which was satisfied on October 1, 2015) and any SNR Re-Auction Payment. The FCC SNR Guaranty provides, among other things, that during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC SNR Guaranty and the date such guaranteed payments are paid: (i) SNR Wireless’ payment obligations to American III under the SNR Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments; and (ii) DISH Network or American III will withhold exercising certain rights as a creditor of SNR Wireless.

FCC Licenses. On October 27, 2015, the FCC granted the Northstar Licenses to Northstar Wireless and the SNR Licenses to SNR Wireless, respectively, which are recorded in “Regulatory authorizations, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The AWS-3 Licenses are subject to certain interim and final build-out requirements. By October 2021, Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless must provide reliable signal coverage and offer service to at least 40% of the population in each area covered by an individual AWS-3 License (the “AWS-3 Interim Build-Out Requirement”). By October 2027, Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless must provide reliable signal coverage and offer service to at least 75% of the population in each area covered by an individual AWS-3 License (the “AWS-3 Final Build-Out Requirement”). The AWS-3 Interim Build-Out Requirement was not met and as a result, the AWS-3 License term and the AWS-3 Final Build-Out Requirement have been accelerated by two years (from October 2027 to October 2025) for each AWS-3 License area in which Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless did not meet the requirement.

If the AWS-3 Final Build-Out Requirement is not met, the authorization for each AWS-3 License area in which Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless do not meet the requirement may terminate. These wireless spectrum licenses expire in October 2027 unless they are renewed by the FCC. There can be no assurance that the FCC will renew these wireless spectrum licenses.

Qui Tam. On September 23, 2016, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia unsealed a qui tam complaint that was filed by Vermont National Telephone Company (“Vermont National”) against us; our wholly-owned subsidiaries, American AWS-3 Wireless I L.L.C., American II, American III, and DISH Wireless Holding L.L.C.; Charles W. Ergen (our Chairman) and Cantey M. Ergen (a member of our Board of Directors); Northstar Wireless; Northstar Spectrum; Northstar Manager; SNR Wireless; SNR HoldCo; SNR Management; and certain other parties. See “Contingencies – Litigation – Vermont National Telephone Company” for further information.

D.C. Circuit Court Opinion. On August 29, 2017, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (the “D.C. Circuit”) in SNR Wireless LicenseCo, LLC, et al. v. Federal Communications Commission, 868 F.3d 1021 (D.C. Cir. 2017) (the “Appellate Decision”) affirmed the Order in part, and remanded the matter to the FCC to give Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless an opportunity to seek to negotiate a cure of the issues identified by the FCC in the Order (a “Cure”). On January 26, 2018, SNR Wireless and Northstar Wireless filed a petition for a writ of certiorari, asking the United States Supreme Court to hear an appeal from the Appellate Decision, which the United States Supreme Court denied on June 25, 2018.

Order on Remand. On January 24, 2018, the FCC released an Order on Remand, DA 18-70 (the “Order on Remand”) purporting to establish a procedure to afford Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless the opportunity to implement a Cure pursuant to the Appellate Decision. On June 8, 2018, Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless each filed amended agreements to demonstrate that, in light of such changes, each of Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless qualified for the very small business bidding credit that it sought in the AWS-3 Auction. Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless filed a Joint Application for Review of the Order on Remand requesting, among other things, an iterative negotiation process with the FCC regarding a Cure, which was denied on July 12, 2018. The pleading cycle established in the Order on Remand concluded in October 2018. On November 23, 2020, the FCC issued a Memorandum Opinion and Order that concluded, among other things, that DISH Network retained de facto control over Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless and denied the very small business bidding credit sought by Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless, even though the parties had eliminated or significantly modified every provision previously deemed to have been disqualifying by the FCC. Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless timely filed an appeal of the FCC’s 2020 decision. On June 21, 2022, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia issued an Opinion rejecting this challenge. On January 17, 2023, Northstar Wireless filed a petition for a writ of certiorari asking the United States Supreme Court to hear a further appeal, but that petition was denied on June 30, 2023.

Northstar Operative Agreements

Northstar LLC Agreement. Northstar Spectrum is governed by a limited liability company agreement by and between American II and Northstar Manager (the “Northstar Spectrum LLC Agreement”). Pursuant to the Northstar Spectrum LLC Agreement, American II and Northstar Manager made pro-rata equity contributions in Northstar Spectrum.

On March 31, 2018, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Northstar Spectrum LLC Agreement, to, among other things: (i) exchange $6.870 billion of the amounts outstanding and owed by Northstar Wireless to American II pursuant to the Northstar Credit Agreement (as defined below) for 6,870,493 Class A Preferred Interests in Northstar Spectrum (the “Northstar Preferred Interests”); (ii) replace the existing investor protection provisions with the investor protections described by the FCC in Baker Creek Communications, LLC, Memorandum Opinion and Order, 13 FCC Rcd 18709, 18715 (1998); (iii) delete the obligation of Northstar Manager to consult with American II regarding budgets and business plans; and (iv) remove the requirement that Northstar Spectrum’s systems be interoperable with ours. The Northstar Preferred Interests: (a) are non-voting; (b) have a 12 percent mandatory quarterly distribution, which can be paid in cash or additional face amount of Northstar Preferred Interests at the sole discretion of Northstar Manager; and (c) have a liquidation preference equal to the then-current face amount of the Northstar Preferred Interests plus accrued and unpaid mandatory quarterly distributions in the event of certain liquidation events or deemed liquidation events (e.g., a merger or dissolution of Northstar Spectrum, or a sale of substantially all of Northstar Spectrum’s assets). As a result of the exchange noted in (i) above, a principal amount of $500 million of debt remains under the Northstar Credit Agreement, as described below.

On June 7, 2018, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated March 31, 2018, by and among American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager, to, among other things: (i) reduce the mandatory quarterly distribution for the Northstar Preferred Interests from 12 percent to eight percent from and after June 7, 2018; (ii) increase the window for Northstar Manager to “put” its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum after October 27, 2020 from 30 days to 90 days; (iii) provide an additional 90-day window for Northstar Manager to put its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum commencing on October 27, 2021; (iv) provide a right for Northstar Manager to require an appraisal of the fair market value of its interest in Northstar Spectrum at any time from October 27, 2022 through October 27, 2024, coupled with American II having the right to accept the offer to sell from Northstar Manager; (v) allow Northstar Manager to sell its interest in Northstar Spectrum without American II’s consent any time after October 27, 2020 (previously October 27, 2025); (vi) allow Northstar Spectrum to conduct an initial public offering without American II’s consent any time after October 27, 2022 (previously October 27, 2029); (vii) remove American II’s rights of first refusal with respect to Northstar Manager’s sale of its interest in Northstar Spectrum or Northstar Spectrum’s sale of any AWS-3 Licenses; and (viii) remove American II’s tag along rights with respect to Northstar Manager’s sale of its interest in Northstar Spectrum. Northstar Manager had the right to put its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum for a 90-day period beginning October 27, 2020, which Northstar Manager waived in connection with the Northstar Purchase Agreement.

On January 24, 2022, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated June 7, 2018, by and among American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager, to, among other things: (i) increase the second window for Northstar Manager to “put” its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum after October 27, 2021 from 90 days to 270 days.

On July 22, 2022, American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager amended and restated the Third Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated June 7, 2018, by and among American II, Northstar Spectrum, and Northstar Manager, to, among other things, increase the second window for Northstar Manager to “put” its interest in Northstar Spectrum to Northstar Spectrum after July 24, 2022 from 270 days to 360 days. On October 21, 2022, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American II received notice that Northstar Manager exercised the Northstar Put Right effective as of October 21, 2022. On October 12, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of Northstar Manager’s ownership interests in Northstar Spectrum, which we purchased for a total of approximately $109 million. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to Northstar Spectrum as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the Northstar Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Northstar Wireless Credit Agreement. On October 1, 2015, American II, Northstar Wireless and Northstar Spectrum amended the First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated October 13, 2014, by and among American II, as Lender, Northstar Wireless, as Borrower, and Northstar Spectrum, as Guarantor (as amended, the “Northstar Credit Agreement”), to provide, among other things, that: (i) the Northstar Interim Payment and any Northstar Re-Auction Payment will be made by American II directly to the FCC and will be deemed as loans under the Northstar Credit Agreement; (ii) the FCC is a third-party beneficiary with respect to American II’s obligation to pay the Northstar Interim Payment and any Northstar Re-Auction Payment; (iii) in the event that the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are less than the winning bids of Northstar Wireless, the purchaser, assignee or transferee of any AWS-3 Licenses from Northstar Wireless is obligated to pay its pro-rata share of the difference (and Northstar Wireless remains jointly and severally liable for such pro-rata share); and (iv) during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC Northstar Guaranty (as discussed below) and the date such guaranteed payments are paid, Northstar Wireless’ payment obligations to American II under the Northstar Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments.

On March 31, 2018, American II, Northstar Wireless, and Northstar Spectrum amended and restated the Northstar Credit Agreement, to, among other things: (i) lower the interest rate on the remaining $500 million principal balance under the Northstar Credit Agreement from 12 percent per annum to six percent per annum; (ii) eliminate the higher interest rate that would apply in the case of an event of default; and (iii) modify and/or remove certain obligations of Northstar Wireless to prepay the outstanding loan amounts.

On June 7, 2018, American II, Northstar Wireless, and Northstar Spectrum amended and restated the Northstar Credit Agreement to, among other things: (i) extend the maturity date on the remaining loan balance from seven years to ten years; and (ii) remove the obligation of Northstar Wireless to obtain American II’s consent for unsecured financing and equipment financing in excess of $25 million.

SNR Operative Agreements

SNR LLC Agreement. SNR HoldCo is governed by a limited liability company agreement by and between American III and SNR Management (the “SNR HoldCo LLC Agreement”). Pursuant to the SNR HoldCo LLC Agreement, American III and SNR Management made pro-rata equity contributions in SNR HoldCo.

On March 31, 2018, American III, SNR Holdco, SNR Wireless Management, and John Muleta amended and restated the SNR HoldCo LLC Agreement, to, among other things: (i) exchange $5.065 billion of the amounts outstanding and owed by SNR Wireless to American III pursuant to the SNR Credit Agreement (as defined below) for 5,065,415 Class A Preferred Interests in SNR Holdco (the “SNR Preferred Interests”); (ii) replace the existing investor protection provisions with the investor protections described by the FCC in Baker Creek Communications, LLC, Memorandum Opinion and Order, 13 FCC Rcd 18709, 18715 (1998); (iii) delete the obligation of SNR Management to consult with American III regarding budgets and business plans; and (iv) remove the requirement that SNR Management’s systems be interoperable with ours. The SNR Preferred Interests: (a) are non-voting; (b) have a 12 percent mandatory quarterly distribution, which can be paid in cash or additional face amount of SNR Preferred Interests at the sole discretion of SNR Management; and (c) have a liquidation preference equal to the then-current face amount of the SNR Preferred Interests plus accrued and unpaid mandatory quarterly distributions in the event of certain liquidation events or deemed liquidation events (e.g., a merger or dissolution of SNR Holdco, or a sale of substantially all of SNR Holdco’s assets). As a result of the exchange noted in (i) above, a principal amount of $500 million of debt remains under the SNR Credit Agreement, as described below.

On June 7, 2018, American III, SNR Holdco, SNR Management, and John Muleta amended and restated the Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, dated March 31, 2018, by and among American III, SNR Holdco, SNR Management and John Muleta, to, among other things: (i) reduce the mandatory quarterly distribution for the SNR Preferred Interests from 12 percent to eight percent from and after June 7, 2018; (ii) increase the window for SNR Management to “put” its interest in SNR Holdco to SNR Holdco after October 27, 2020 from 30 days to 90 days; (iii) provide an additional 90-day window for SNR Management to put its interest in SNR Holdco to SNR Holdco commencing on October 27, 2021; (iv) provide a right for SNR Management to require an appraisal of the fair market value of its interest in SNR Holdco at any time from October 27, 2022 through October 27, 2024, coupled with American III having the right to accept the offer to sell from SNR Management; (v) allow SNR Management to sell its interest in SNR Holdco without American III’s consent any time after October 27, 2020 (previously October 27, 2025); (vi) allow SNR Holdco to conduct an initial public offering without American III’s consent any time after October 27, 2022 (previously October 27, 2029); (vii) remove American III’s rights of first refusal with respect to SNR Management’s sale of its interest in SNR Holdco or SNR Holdco’s sale of any AWS-3 Licenses; and (viii) remove American III’s tag along rights with respect to SNR Management’s sale of its interest in SNR Holdco. SNR Management had the right to put its interest in SNR Holdco to SNR Holdco for a 90-day period from October 27, 2020. The First SNR Put Window closed in the first quarter of 2021, was not exercised and expired in January 2021.

On November 15, 2021, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American III received notice that SNR Management exercised the SNR Put Right effective as of November 15, 2021. Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of SNR Management’s ownership interests in SNR HoldCo, which was purchased by our direct wholly-owned subsidiary EchoStar SNR HoldCo LLC for a total of approximately $442 million on February 16, 2024. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to SNR HoldCo as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the SNR Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries.

SNR Credit Agreement. On October 1, 2015, American III, SNR Wireless and SNR HoldCo amended the First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated October 13, 2014, by and among American III, as Lender, SNR Wireless, as Borrower, and SNR HoldCo, as Guarantor (as amended, the “SNR Credit Agreement”), to provide, among other things, that: (i) the SNR Interim Payment and any SNR Re-Auction Payment will be made by American III directly to the FCC and will be deemed as loans under the SNR Credit Agreement; (ii) the FCC is a third-party beneficiary with respect to American III’s obligation to pay the SNR Interim Payment and any SNR Re-Auction Payment; (iii) in the event that the winning bids from re-auction or other award of the AWS-3 licenses retained by the FCC are less than the winning bids of SNR Wireless, the purchaser, assignee or transferee of any AWS-3 Licenses from SNR Wireless is obligated to pay its pro-rata share of the difference (and SNR Wireless remains jointly and severally liable for such pro-rata share); and (iv) during the period between the due date for the payments guaranteed under the FCC SNR Guaranty (as discussed below) and the date such guaranteed payments are paid, SNR Wireless’ payment obligations to American III under the SNR Credit Agreement will be subordinated to such guaranteed payments.

On March 31, 2018, American III, SNR Wireless, and SNR Holdco amended and restated the SNR Credit Agreement, to, among other things: (i) lower the interest rate on the remaining $500 million principal balance under the SNR Credit Agreement from 12 percent per annum to six percent per annum; (ii) eliminate the higher interest rate that would apply in the case of an event of default; and (iii) modify and/or remove certain obligations of SNR Wireless to prepay the outstanding loan amounts.

On June 7, 2018, American III, SNR Wireless, and SNR Holdco amended and restated the SNR Credit Agreement to, among other things: (i) extend the maturity date on the remaining loan balance from seven years to ten years; and (ii) remove the obligation of SNR Wireless to obtain American III’s consent for unsecured financing and equipment financing in excess of $25 million.

Satellite Insurance

We generally do not carry commercial launch or in-orbit insurance on any of the satellites we own. We generally do not use commercial insurance to mitigate the potential financial impact of launch or in-orbit failures because we believe that the cost of insurance premiums is uneconomical relative to the risk of such failures. While we generally have had in-orbit satellite capacity sufficient to transmit our existing channels and some backup capacity to recover the transmission of certain critical programming, our backup capacity is limited. In the event of a failure or loss of any of our owned or leased satellites, we may need to acquire or lease additional satellite capacity or relocate one of our other owned or leased satellites and use it as a replacement for the failed or lost satellite.

Purchase Obligations

Our 2023 purchase obligations primarily consist of binding purchase orders for certain fixed contractual commitments to purchase programming content, receiver systems and related equipment, broadband equipment, digital broadcast operations, transmission costs, streaming delivery technology and infrastructure, engineering services, and other products and services. In addition, our 2023 purchase obligations also include wireless devices related to our Retail Wireless business. Our purchase obligations may fluctuate significantly from period to period due to, among other things, management’s timing of payments and inventory purchases, which can materially impact our future operating asset and liability balances, and our future working capital requirements. Furthermore, our 2023 purchase obligations related to certain 5G Network Deployment commitments are included in “Other long-term obligations” in the “Commitments” table above.

Programming Contracts

In the normal course of business, we enter into contracts to purchase programming content in which our payment obligations are generally contingent on the number of Pay-TV subscribers to whom we provide the respective content. These programming commitments are not included in the “Commitments” table above. The terms of our contracts typically range from one to ten years with annual rate increases. Our programming expenses will increase to the extent we are successful in growing our Pay-TV subscriber base. In addition, programming costs per subscriber continue to increase due to contractual price increases and the renewal of long-term programming contracts on less favorable pricing terms.

Patents and Intellectual Property

Many entities, including some of our competitors, have or may in the future obtain patents and other intellectual property rights that cover or affect products or services that we offer or that we may offer in the future. We may not be aware of all intellectual property rights that our products or services may potentially infringe. Damages in patent infringement cases can be substantial, and in certain circumstances can be trebled. Further, we cannot estimate the extent to which we may be required in the future to obtain licenses with respect to patents held by others and the availability and cost of any such licenses. Various parties have asserted patent and other intellectual property rights with respect to components of our products and services.

We cannot be certain that these persons do not own the rights they claim, that our products do not infringe on these rights, and/or that these rights are not valid. Further, we cannot be certain that we would be able to obtain licenses from these persons on commercially reasonable terms or, if we were unable to obtain such licenses, that we would be able to redesign our products to avoid infringement.

Litigation

We are involved in a number of legal proceedings (including those described below) concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of our business activities. Many of these proceedings are at preliminary stages, and many of these proceedings seek an indeterminate amount of damages. We regularly evaluate the status of the legal proceedings in which we are involved to assess whether a loss is probable or there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or an additional loss may have been incurred and to determine if accruals are appropriate. If accruals are not appropriate, we further evaluate each legal proceeding to assess whether an estimate of the possible loss or range of possible loss can be made.

For certain cases described on the following pages, management is unable to provide a meaningful estimate of the possible loss or range of possible loss because, among other reasons, (i) the proceedings are in various stages; (ii) damages have not been sought; (iii) damages are unsupported and/or exaggerated; (iv) there is uncertainty as to the outcome of pending appeals or motions; (v) there are significant factual issues to be resolved; and/or (vi) there are novel legal issues or unsettled legal theories to be presented or a large number of parties. For these cases, however, management does not believe, based on currently available information, that the outcomes of these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, though the outcomes could be material to our operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period.

ClearPlay, Inc.

On March 13, 2014, ClearPlay, Inc. (“ClearPlay”) filed a complaint against us and our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network and DISH Network L.L.C., and our then wholly-owned subsidiary EchoStar Technologies L.L.C., in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. The complaint alleges willful infringement of United States Patent Nos. 6,898,799 (the “799 patent”), entitled “Multimedia Content Navigation and Playback”; 7,526,784 (the “784 patent”), entitled “Delivery of Navigation Data for Playback of Audio and Video Content”; 7,543,318 (the “318 patent”), entitled “Delivery of Navigation Data for Playback of Audio and Video Content”; 7,577,970 (the “970 patent”), entitled “Multimedia Content Navigation and Playback”; and 8,117,282 (the “282 patent”), entitled “Media Player Configured to Receive Playback Filters From Alternative Storage Mediums.” ClearPlay alleges that the AutoHop™ feature of our Hopper® set-top box infringes the asserted patents. On February 11, 2015, the case was stayed pending various third-party challenges before the United States Patent and Trademark Office regarding the validity of certain of the patents asserted in the action.

In those third-party challenges, the United States Patent and Trademark Office found that all claims of the 282 patent are unpatentable, and that certain claims of the 784 patent and 318 patent are unpatentable. ClearPlay appealed as to the 784 patent and the 318 patent, and on August 23, 2016, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the findings of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. On October 31, 2016, the stay was lifted, and in May 2017, ClearPlay agreed to dismiss us and DISH Network as defendants, leaving DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. as the sole defendants.

On October 16, October 21, November 2, 2020 and November 9, 2020, DISH Network L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting ex parte reexamination of the validity of the asserted claims of, respectively, the 784 patent, the 799 patent, the 318 patent and the 970 patent; and on November 2, November 20, December 14 and December 15, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office granted each request for reexamination. On May 7, 2021, May 25, 2021, June 25, 2021 and July 7, 2021, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued Ex Parte Reexamination Certificates confirming the patentability of the challenged claims of, respectively, the 799 patent, the 784 patent, the 318 patent and the 970 patent.

In October and November 2021, DISH Network L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting ex parte reexamination of the validity of certain asserted claims of the 784 patent, the 799 patent and the 970 patent. In November and December, 2021, the United States Patent and Trademark Office granted review of the challenged claims of the 799 patent and the 970 patent, but denied review of the challenged claims of the 784 patent. On January 24, 2022, an examiner of the United States Patent and Trademark Office affirmed the challenged claims of the 799 patent, and on January 19, 2023, an examiner of the United States Patent and Trademark Office affirmed the challenged claims of the 970 patent.

In an order dated January 31, 2023, the Court granted in part and denied in part DISH Network L.L.C.’s and DISH Technologies L.L.C.’s motion for summary judgment. Thereafter, ClearPlay narrowed its case to three asserted claims: one under the 799 patent and two under the 970 patent. Following a two-week trial, on March 10, 2023, the jury returned a verdict that DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. infringed each of the asserted patent claims (though not willfully), and awarded damages of $469 million. That verdict became moot on March 21, 2023, when the trial court indicated that it would grant DISH Network L.L.C.’s and DISH Technologies L.L.C.’s motion for judgment as a matter of law, thus effectively vacating the jury award. On June 2, 2023, the Court entered its formal order granting judgment as a matter of law. On December 12, 2023, the Court denied ClearPlay’s motion to alter or amend the judgment. ClearPlay has filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit.

We intend to vigorously defend this case. In the event that a court ultimately determines that we infringe the asserted patents, we may be subject to substantial damages, which may include treble damages, and/or an injunction that could require us to materially modify certain features that we currently offer to consumers. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages.

Data Breach Class Actions

On May 9, 2023, Susan Owen-Brooks, an alleged customer, filed a putative class action complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiary DISH Network in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. She purports to represent a nationwide class of all individuals in the United States who allegedly had private information stolen as a result of the February 23, 2023 Cyber-security Incident (and a North Carolina statewide subclass of the same individuals). On behalf of the nationwide class, she alleges claims for contractual breaches, negligence and unjust enrichment (and, on behalf of the North Carolina subclass only, violation of the North Carolina Deceptive Trade Practices Act), and seeks monetary damages, injunctive relief and a declaratory judgment. Since that filing, ten additional putative class action complaints have been filed in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado, purporting to represent the same nationwide class of people, and Owen-Brooks has filed an amended complaint. On August 2, 2023, the Court issued an order consolidating the first ten cases (the eleventh was dismissed) and, on November 16, 2023, the plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended class action complaint.

We intend to vigorously defend this case. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages.

Digital Broadcasting Solutions, LLC

On August 29, 2022, Digital Broadcasting Solutions, LLC filed a complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. The complaint alleges infringement of U.S. Patent No. 8,929,710 (the “710 patent”) and U.S. Patent No. 9,538,122 (the “122 patent”), each entitled “System and method for time shifting at least a portion of a video program.” Generally, the plaintiff contends that the AutoHop feature of our Hopper® set-top boxes infringes the asserted patents. On June 21, 2023, the Court granted the motion of DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. to have the case transferred to the United States District Court for the District of Colorado.

In May 2023, DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all claims of the 710 patent and the 122 patent and, on December 11, 2023, the United States Patent and Trademark Office entered decisions instituting each petition.

Entropic Communications, LLC (first action)

On March 9, 2022, Entropic Communications, LLC (“Entropic”) filed a complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network, DISH Network L.L.C. and Dish Network Service L.L.C. in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. The complaint alleges infringement of U.S. Patent No. 7,130,576 (the “576 patent”),

entitled “Signal Selector and Combiner for Broadband Content Distribution”; U.S. Patent No. 7,542,715 (the “715 Patent”), entitled “Signal Selector and Combiner for Broadband Content Distribution”; and U.S. Patent No. 8,792,008 (the “008 Patent”), entitled “Method and Apparatus for Spectrum Monitoring.” On March 30, 2022, Entropic filed an amended complaint alleging infringement of the same patents. Generally, the plaintiff accuses satellite antennas, low-noise block converters, signal selector and combiners, and set-top boxes and the manner in which they process signals for satellite television customers of infringing the asserted patents.

On October 24, 2022, this case was ordered to be transferred to the United States District Court for the Central District of California. A companion case against DirecTV was also ordered transferred to the United States District Court for the Central District of California.

In January and February of 2023, DISH Network L.L.C. and Dish Network Service L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all claims of the 715 patent, all claims of the 008 patent, and 25 claims of the 576 patent, which includes all of its asserted claims.

In August and September 2023, the Patent Office denied institution on the petitions challenging the 715 patent and the 576 patent. In September 2023, at the parties’ joint request, the Patent Office dismissed the petition challenging the 008 patent, as Entropic agreed to drop its claims against DISH Network on that patent.

Entropic Communications, LLC (second action)

On February 10, 2023, Entropic filed a second lawsuit against our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network, DISH Network L.L.C., Dish Network Service L.L.C. and Dish Network California Service Corporation in the United States District Court for the Central District of California. The complaint alleges infringement of U.S. Patent No. 7,295,518 (the “518 patent”), entitled “Broadband network for coaxial cable using multi-carrier modulation”; U.S. Patent No. 7,594,249 (the “249 patent”), entitled “Network interface device and broadband local area network using coaxial cable”; U.S. Patent Nos. 7,889,759 (the “759 patent”), entitled “Broadband cable network utilizing common bit-loading”; U.S. Patent No. 8,085,802 (the “802 Patent”), entitled “Multimedia over coaxial cable access protocol”; U.S. Patent No. 9,838,213 (the “213 patent”), entitled “Parameterized quality of service architecture in a network”; U.S. Patent No. 10,432,422 (the “422 patent”), entitled “Parameterized quality of service architecture in a network”; U.S. Patent No. 8,631,450 (the “450 patent”), entitled “Broadband local area network”; U.S. Patent No. 8,621,539 (the “539 patent”), entitled “Physical layer transmitter for use in a broadband local area network”; U.S. Patent No. 8,320,566 (the “0,566 patent”), entitled “Method and apparatus for performing constellation scrambling in a multimedia home network”; U.S. Patent No. 10,257,566 (the “7,566 patent”), entitled “Broadband local area network”; U.S. Patent No. 8,228,910 (the “910 Patent”), entitled “Aggregating network packets for transmission to a destination mode”; and U.S. Patent No. 8,363,681 (the “681 patent”), entitled “Method and apparatus for using ranging measurements in a multimedia home network.” Generally, the patents relate to Multimedia over Coax Alliance standards and the manner in which we provide a whole-home DVR network over an on-premises coaxial cable network. Entropic has asserted the same patents in the same court against Comcast, Cox and DirecTV. On September 7, 2023, the Court granted the motion of DISH Network L.L.C., Dish Network Service L.L.C. and Dish Network California Service Corporation to dismiss the claims arising from the 7,566 patent and the 910 patent on the grounds that they claimed in eligible subject matter. In January and February 2024, DISH Network L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of the 249 patent, the 518 patent, the 759 patent, the 450 patent, the 539 patent, the ’0,566 patent, and the ’681 patent.

Freedom Patents

On April 7, 2023, Freedom Patents LLC filed a complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network, DISH Network L.L.C. and Dish Network Service L.L.C. in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. The complaint alleges infringement of U.S. Patent No. 8,284,686 (the “686 Patent”), entitled “Antenna/Beam Selection Training in MIMO Wireless LANS with Different Sounding Frames”; U.S. Patent No. 8,374,096 (the “096 Patent”), entitled “Method for Selecting Antennas and Beams in MIMO Wireless LANs”; and U.S. Patent No. 8,514,815 (the “815 Patent”), entitled “Training Signals for Selecting Antennas and Beams in MIMO Wireless LANs.” Similar complaints were also filed against Acer, Altice, Charter, Comcast and Verizon. In general, the asserted patents relate to the 802.11 wireless standard, and the products accused of infringement are the Wireless Joey, its access point, and certain Ring, Nest and Linksys products that we sell.

We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages. The plaintiff is an entity that seeks to license a patent portfolio without itself practicing any of the claims recited therein.

Jones 401(k) Litigation

On December 20, 2021, four former employees filed a class action complaint in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado against our wholly-owned subsidiary DISH Network, its Board of Directors, and its Retirement Plan Committee alleging fiduciary breaches arising from the management of our 401(k) Plan. The putative class, comprised of all participants in the Plan on or after January 20, 2016, alleges that the Plan had excessive recordkeeping and administrative expenses and that it maintained underperforming funds. On February 1, 2023, a Magistrate Judge issued a recommendation that the defendants’ motion to dismiss the complaint be granted, and on March 27, 2023, the district court judge granted the motion. As permitted by the Court’s order, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on April 10, 2023, which is limited to allegations regarding the alleged underperformance of the Fidelity Freedom Funds. On November 7, 2023, a Magistrate Judge issued a recommendation that the defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint be denied as to the duty to prudently monitor fund performance, but be granted as to the duty of loyalty and, on November 27, 2023, the district court judge entered an order adopting the recommendation.

We intend to vigorously defend this case. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages.

License Fee Dispute with Government of India, Department of Telecommunications

In 1994, the Government of India promulgated a “National Telecommunications Policy” under which the government liberalized the telecommunications sector and required telecommunications service providers to pay fixed license fees. Pursuant to this policy, our subsidiary Hughes Communications India Private Limited (“HCIPL”), formerly known as Hughes Escorts Communications Limited, obtained a license to operate a data network over satellite using VSAT systems. In 2002, HCIPL’s license was amended pursuant to a new government policy that was first established in 1999. The new policy eliminated the fixed license fees and instead required each telecommunications service provider to pay license fees based on its adjusted gross revenue (“AGR”). In March 2005, the Indian Department of Telecommunications (“DOT”) notified HCIPL that, based on its review of HCIPL’s audited accounts and AGR statements, HCIPL must pay additional license fees and penalties and interest on such fees and penalties. HCIPL responded that the DOT had improperly calculated its AGR by including revenue from licensed and unlicensed activities. The DOT rejected this explanation and in 2006, HCIPL filed a petition with an administrative tribunal (the “Tribunal”), challenging the DOT’s calculation of its AGR. The DOT also issued license fee assessments to other telecommunications service providers and a number of similar petitions were filed by several other such providers with the Tribunal. These petitions were amended, consolidated, remanded and re-appealed several times. On April 23, 2015, the Tribunal issued a judgment affirming the DOT’s calculation of AGR for the telecommunications service providers but reversing the DOT’s imposition of interest, penalties and interest on such penalties as excessive.

Over subsequent years, the DOT and HCIPL and other telecommunications service providers, respectively, filed several appeals of the Tribunal’s ruling. On October 24, 2019, the Supreme Court of India (“Supreme Court”) issued an order (the “October 2019 Order”) affirming the license fee assessments imposed by the DOT, including its imposition of interest, penalties and interest on the penalties, but without indicating the amount HCIPL is required to pay the DOT, and ordering payment by January 23, 2020. On November 23, 2019, HCIPL and other telecommunication service providers filed a petition asking the Supreme Court to reconsider the October 2019 Order. The petition was denied on January 20, 2020. On January 22, 2020, HCIPL and other telecommunication service providers filed an application requesting that the Supreme Court modify the October 2019 Order to permit the DOT to calculate the final amount due and extend HCIPL’s and the other telecommunication service providers’ payment deadline. On February 14, 2020, the Supreme Court directed HCIPL and the other telecommunication service providers to explain why the Supreme Court should not initiate contempt proceedings for failure to pay the amounts due. During a hearing on March 18, 2020, the Supreme Court ordered that all amounts that were due before the October 2019 Order must be paid, including interest, penalties and interest on the penalties. The Supreme Court also ordered that the parties appear for a further hearing addressing, potentially among other things, a proposal by the DOT to allow for extended or deferred payments of amounts due. On June 11, 2020, the Supreme Court ordered HCIPL and the other telecommunication service providers to submit affidavits addressing the proposal made by the DOT to extend the time frame for payment of the amounts owed and for HCIPL and the other telecommunication providers to provide security for such payments.

On September 1, 2020, the Supreme Court issued a judgment permitting a 10-year payment schedule. Under this payment schedule, HCIPL is required to make an annual payment every March 31, through 2031. Following the Supreme Court of India’s October 2019 judgment, HCIPL made payments during the first quarter of 2020, and additional payments on each March 31 thereafter. As of December 31, 2023 the gross amount of fees, penalties and interest owed was approximately $90 million with $62 million remaining outstanding as a result of historical payments.

Pursuant to the Contribution and Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) dated December 3, 2004 between The DirecTV Group, Inc. (“DirecTV”) and certain other entities relating to the spinoff by DirecTV of certain of its subsidiaries, including HCIPL, DirecTV undertook indemnification obligations to HCIPL, and HCIPL has pursued indemnification claims in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against DirecTV under the Purchase Agreement in connection with the license fees assessed in this proceeding. On June 22, 2023, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled that, under the Purchase Agreement, HCIPL, is entitled to indemnification from DirecTV, with the amount of indemnification to be determined in further proceedings before the district court in New York.

Lingam Securities Class Action (formerly Jaramillo)

On March 23, 2023, a securities fraud class action complaint was filed against our wholly-owned subsidiary DISH Network and Messrs. Ergen, Carlson and Orban in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. The complaint is brought on behalf of a putative class of purchasers of our securities during the February 22, 2021 to February 27, 2023 class period. In general, the complaint alleges that DISH Network’s public statements during that period were false and misleading and contained material omissions, because they did not disclose that DISH Network allegedly maintained a deficient cyber-security and information technology infrastructure, were unable to properly secure customer data and DISH Network’s operations were susceptible to widespread service outages.

In August 2023, the Court appointed a new lead plaintiff and lead plaintiff’s counsel, and, on October 20, 2023, they filed an amended complaint that abandoned the original allegations. In their amended complaint, plaintiffs allege that, during the class period, the defendants concealed problems concerning the 5G network buildout that prevented scaling and commercializing the network to obtain enterprise customers. The amended complaint adds as individual defendants James S. Allen, DISH Network’s Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer; John Swieringa, our President, Technology and Chief Operating Officer; Dave Mayo, DISH Network’s former Executive Vice President of Network Development; Marc Rouanne, DISH Network’s Executive Vice President and Chief Network Officer; and Stephen Bye, DISH Network’s former Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer. After the defendants filed a motion to dismiss, the plaintiffs filed a further amended complaint, asserting the same theory, on February 23, 2024. The new complaint drops Erik Carlson, John Swieringa, Paul Orban and James Allen as individual defendants.

We intend to vigorously defend this case. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages.

Realtime Data LLC and Realtime Adaptive Streaming LLC

On June 6, 2017, Realtime Data LLC d/b/a IXO (“Realtime”) filed an amended complaint in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (the “Original Texas Action”) against us and our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network, DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C. (then known as EchoStar Technologies L.L.C.), Sling TV L.L.C., Sling Media L.L.C. and Hughes Network Systems, L.L.C. (“HNS”); and Arris Group, Inc. Realtime’s initial complaint in the Original Texas Action, filed on February 14, 2017, had named only us and our wholly-owned subsidiary HNS as defendants.

The amended complaint in the Original Texas Action alleges infringement of United States Patent No. 8,717,204 (the “204 patent”), entitled “Methods for encoding and decoding data”; United States Patent No. 9,054,728 (the “728 patent”), entitled “Data compression systems and methods”; United States Patent No. 7,358,867 (the “867 patent”), entitled “Content independent data compression method and system”; United States Patent No. 8,502,707 (the “707 patent”), entitled “Data compression systems and methods”; United States Patent No. 8,275,897 (the “897 patent”), entitled “System and methods for accelerated data storage and retrieval”; United States Patent No. 8,867,610 (the “610 patent”), entitled “System and methods for video and audio data distribution”; United States Patent No. 8,934,535 (the “535 patent”), entitled “Systems and methods for video and audio data storage and distribution”; and United States Patent No. 8,553,759 (the “759 patent”), entitled “Bandwidth sensitive data compression and decompression.”

Realtime alleges that our, Sling TV L.L.C.’s, Sling Media L.L.C.’s and Arris Group, Inc.’s streaming video products and services compliant with various versions of the H.264 video compression standard infringe the 897 patent, the 610 patent and the 535 patent, and that the data compression system in HNS’ products and services infringes the 204 patent, the 728 patent, the 867 patent, the 707 patent and the 759 patent.

On July 19, 2017, the Court severed Realtime’s claims against DISH Network, DISH Network L.L.C., Sling TV L.L.C., Sling Media L.L.C. and Arris Group, Inc. (alleging infringement of the 897 patent, the 610 patent and the 535 patent) from the Original Texas Action into a separate action in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (the “Second Texas Action”). On August 31, 2017, Realtime dismissed the claims against DISH Network, Sling TV L.L.C., Sling Media Inc., and Sling Media L.L.C. from the Second Texas Action and refiled these claims (alleging infringement of the 897 patent, the 610 patent and the 535 patent) against Sling TV L.L.C., Sling Media Inc., and Sling Media L.L.C. in a new action in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado (the “Colorado Action”). Also on August 31, 2017, Realtime dismissed DISH Technologies L.L.C. from the Original Texas Action, and on September 12, 2017, added it as a defendant in an amended complaint in the Second Texas Action. On November 6, 2017, Realtime filed a joint motion to dismiss the Second Texas Action without prejudice, which the Court entered on November 8, 2017.

On October 10, 2017, Realtime Adaptive Streaming LLC (“Realtime Adaptive Streaming”) filed suit against our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C., as well as Arris Group, Inc., in a new action in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (the “Third Texas Action”), alleging infringement of the 610 patent and the 535 patent. Also on October 10, 2017, an amended complaint was filed in the Colorado Action, substituting Realtime Adaptive Streaming as the plaintiff instead of Realtime, and alleging infringement of only the 610 patent and the 535 patent, but not the 897 patent. On November 6, 2017, Realtime Adaptive Streaming filed a joint motion to dismiss the Third Texas Action without prejudice, which the court entered on November 8, 2017. Also on November 6, 2017, Realtime Adaptive Streaming filed a second amended complaint in the Colorado Action, adding our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C., as well as Arris Group, Inc., as defendants.

As a result, neither DISH Network nor any of its subsidiaries is a defendant in the Original Texas Action; the Court has dismissed without prejudice the Second Texas Action and the Third Texas Action; and our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C., Sling TV L.L.C. and Sling Media L.L.C. as well as Arris Group, Inc., are defendants in the Colorado Action, which now has Realtime Adaptive Streaming as the named plaintiff. Following settlements with the plaintiff, we and HNS were dismissed from the Original Texas Action in February 2019, and Arris Group, Inc. was dismissed from the Colorado Action in March 2021.

On July 3, 2018, Sling TV L.L.C., Sling Media L.L.C., DISH Network L.L.C., and DISH Technologies L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of each of the asserted patents. On January 31, 2019, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on DISH Network’s petitions, and it held trial on the petitions on December 5, 2019. On January 17, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office terminated the petitions as time-barred, but issued a final written decision invalidating the 535 patent to third parties that had timely joined in DISH Network’s petition (and, on January 10, 2020, issued a final written decision invalidating the 535 patent in connection with a third party’s independent petition). On March 16, 2020, Sling TV L.L.C., Sling Media L.L.C., DISH Network L.L.C., and DISH Technologies L.L.C. filed a notice of appeal from the terminated petitions to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. On June 29, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office filed a notice of intervention in the appeal. On March 16, 2021, the Court of Appeals dismissed the appeal for lack of jurisdiction. On April 29, 2021, Sling TV L.L.C., Sling Media L.L.C., DISH Network L.L.C., and DISH Technologies L.L.C. filed a petition for rehearing, which was denied on June 28, 2021. On January 12, 2021, Realtime Adaptive Streaming filed a notice of dismissal of its claims on the 535 patent.

On July 30, 2021, the District Court granted summary judgment in favor of DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C., Sling TV L.L.C. and Sling Media L.L.C., holding that the remaining asserted patent, the 610 patent, is invalid because it claims patent-ineligible abstract subject matter. Realtime Adaptive Streaming appealed that ruling to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, and on May 11, 2023, that Court affirmed the District Court’s summary judgment order. Independently, on September 21, 2021, in connection with an ex parte reexamination of the validity of the 610 patent, an examiner at the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a final office action rejecting each asserted claim of the 610 patent as invalid over the cited prior art.

On April 19, 2023, the Patent Trial and Appeal Board rejected Realtime Adaptive Streaming’s appeal and affirmed the examiner’s rejection of the asserted claims of the 610 patent. Realtime did not further appeal the Patent Trial and Appeal Board’s determination and, thus, the asserted claims of the 610 patent were canceled. As a result, DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C., Sling TV L.L.C. and Sling Media L.L.C. no longer face any possible exposure from this matter, and the liability phase of this case is concluded.

On January 21, 2022, the District Court granted the motion by DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C., Sling TV L.L.C. and Sling Media L.L.C. to have the case declared “exceptional,” and on September 20, 2022, awarded them $3.9 million in attorneys’ fees. Realtime Adaptive Streaming filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit from the exceptionality and fee award orders, and that appeal is now fully briefed and scheduled for oral argument on April 2, 2024.

SafeCast Limited

On June 27, 2022, SafeCast Limited filed a complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiary DISH Network in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. The complaint alleges that DISH Network infringe U.S. Patent No. 9,392,302, entitled “System for providing improved facilities in time-shifted broadcasts” (the “302 patent”). On the same day, it brought complaints in the same court asserting infringement of the same patent against AT&T, Google, HBO, NBCUniversal, Paramount and Verizon. On October 24, 2022, in response to the parties’ joint motion, the Court ordered the case against DISH Network transferred to the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. On December 1, 2022, SafeCast filed an amended complaint naming our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. as defendants and withdrawing the allegations as to DISH Network. On June 22, 2023, DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. filed a petition with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of the asserted claims of the 302 patent. On August 28, 2023, the Court stayed the case pending resolution of the petition.

We intend to vigorously defend this case. In the event that a court ultimately determines that we infringe the asserted patent, we may be subject to substantial damages, which may include treble damages, and/or an injunction that could require us to materially modify certain features that we currently offer to consumers. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages. The plaintiff is an entity that seeks to license a patent portfolio without itself practicing any of the claims recited therein.

Sound View Innovations, LLC

On December 30, 2019, Sound View Innovations, LLC filed one complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. and a second complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiary Sling TV L.L.C. in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. The complaint against DISH Network L.L.C. and DISH Technologies L.L.C. alleges infringement of United States Patent No 6,502,133 (the “133 patent”), entitled “Real-Time Event Processing System with Analysis Engine Using Recovery Information” and both complaints allege infringement of United States Patent No. 6,708,213 (the “213 patent), entitled “Method for Streaming Multimedia Information Over Public Networks”; United States Patent No. 6,757,796 (the “796 patent”), entitled “Method and System for Caching Streaming Live Broadcasts transmitted Over a Network”; and United States Patent No. 6,725,456 (the “456 patent”), entitled “Methods and Apparatus for Ensuring Quality of Service in an Operating System.” All but the 133 patent are also asserted in the complaint against Sling TV L.L.C.

On May 21, 2020, June 3, 2020, June 5, 2020 and July 10, 2020, DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C. and Sling TV L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of, respectively, the 213 patent, the 133 patent, the 456 patent and the 796 patent. On November 25, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office declined to review the validity of the 213 patent, and on September 29, 2021, denied a request for rehearing of that decision. On January 19, 2021, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on the 456 patent but declined to review the 133 patent. On February 24, 2021, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on the 796 patent. On January 18, 2022, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a final written decision holding that the challenged claim of the 456 patent is patentable, and on February 8, 2022, it issued a final written decision holding that the challenged claims of the 796 patent are patentable.

On March 22, 2022, DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C. and Sling TV L.L.C. filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit from the adverse final written decision regarding the 456 patent, and on April 8, 2022, they filed a notice of appeal to the same court from the adverse final written decision regarding the 796 patent. The appeal on the 456 patent was voluntarily dismissed on December 6, 2022. The Federal Circuit heard oral argument on the 796 patent appeal on October 3, 2023, and affirmed the United States Patent and Trademark Office’s adverse final written decision on October 5, 2023.

On April 20, 2022, DISH Network L.L.C., DISH Technologies L.L.C. and Sling TV L.L.C. filed a petition with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting ex parte reexamination of the validity of one of the asserted claims of the 213 patent, and reexamination was ordered on June 16, 2022. On January 18, 2023, they filed another petition requesting ex parte reexamination of the validity of the four additional asserted claims of the 213 patent, and reexamination was ordered on April 17, 2023. On November 13, 2023, the United States Patent and Trademark Office confirmed the patentability of the claim challenged in our first petition.

We intend to vigorously defend these cases. In the event that a court ultimately determines that we infringe the asserted patents, we may be subject to substantial damages, which may include treble damages, and/or an injunction that could require us to materially modify certain features that we currently offer to consumers. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages. The plaintiff is an entity that seeks to license a patent portfolio without itself practicing any of the claims recited therein.

State of Illinois ex rel. Rodriguez

In March 2020, two private “relators” filed this case in the Circuit Court of Cook County Illinois, County Department, Law Division, under the Illinois False Claims Act against DISH Wireless, Sprint and more than 60 Boost Mobile retailers in Illinois. The defendants only became aware of the lawsuit after it was unsealed in March 2022. The operative Second Amended Complaint alleges that the retailer defendants should have collected sales tax under the Retailers’ Occupation Tax Act on any amounts that Sprint or DISH Network rebated them to facilitate handset price discounts to Illinois consumers (“Prepaid Phone Rebates”) and on any phone activation fees the retailers charged to customers (“Device Setup Charges”). It further alleges that DISH Wireless and Sprint are liable for the alleged violations arising from the Device Setup Charges because of the way they allegedly managed the point-of-sale system that the retailer defendants used. The Plaintiffs seek to recover triple the amount of allegedly unpaid taxes, fines for each alleged violation, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On June 13, 2023, the Court denied the defendants’ motions to dismiss the complaint, but on January 2, 2024, it granted reconsideration and dismissed the complaint as to DISH Wireless and Sprint, with leave to amend. The Plaintiffs filed a Third Amended Complaint on February 2, 2024.

We intend to vigorously defend this case. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of the suit or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages.

TQ Delta, LLC

On July 17, 2015, TQ Delta, LLC (“TQ Delta”) filed a complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiaries DISH Network, DISH DBS Corporation and DISH Network L.L.C. in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. The Complaint alleges infringement of United States Patent No. 6,961,369 (the “369 patent”), which is entitled “System and Method for Scrambling the Phase of the Carriers in a Multicarrier Communications System”; United States Patent No. 8,718,158 (the “158 patent”), which is entitled “System and Method for Scrambling the Phase of the Carriers in a Multicarrier Communications System”; United States Patent No. 9,014,243 (the “243 patent”), which is entitled “System and Method for Scrambling Using a Bit Scrambler and a Phase Scrambler”; United States Patent No.7,835,430 (the “430 patent”), which is entitled “Multicarrier Modulation Messaging for Frequency Domain Received Idle Channel Noise Information”; United States Patent No. 8,238,412 (the “412 patent”), which is entitled “Multicarrier Modulation Messaging for Power Level per Subchannel Information”; United States Patent No. 8,432,956 (the “956 patent”), which is entitled “Multicarrier Modulation Messaging for Power Level per Subchannel Information”; and United States Patent No. 8,611,404 (the “404 patent”), which is entitled “Multicarrier Transmission System with Low Power Sleep Mode and Rapid-On Capability.”

On September 9, 2015, TQ Delta filed a first amended complaint that added allegations of infringement of United States Patent No. 9,094,268 (the “268 patent”), which is entitled “Multicarrier Transmission System With Low Power Sleep Mode and Rapid-On Capability.” On May 16, 2016, TQ Delta filed a second amended complaint that added us Corporation and our then wholly-owned subsidiary EchoStar Technologies L.L.C. as defendants. TQ Delta alleges that our satellite TV service, Internet service, set-top boxes, gateways, routers, modems, adapters and networks that operate in accordance with one or more Multimedia over Coax Alliance Standards infringe the asserted patents.

TQ Delta has filed actions in the same court alleging infringement of the same patents against Comcast Corp., Cox Communications, Inc., DirecTV, Time Warner Cable Inc. and Verizon Communications, Inc. TQ Delta is an entity that seeks to license an acquired patent portfolio without itself practicing any of the claims recited therein.

On July 14, 2016, TQ Delta stipulated to dismiss with prejudice all claims related to the 369 patent and the 956 patent. On July 20, 2016, DISH Network filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all of the patent claims of the 404 patent and the 268 patent that have been asserted against DISH Network. Third parties filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all of the patent claims that have been asserted against us in the action. On November 4, 2016, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on the third-party petitions related to the 158 patent, the 243 patent, the 412 patent and the 430 patent.

On December 20, 2016, pursuant to a stipulation of the parties, the Court stayed the case until the resolution of all petitions to the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all of the patent claims at issue. On January 19, 2017, the United States Patent and Trademark Office granted DISH Network’s motions to join the instituted petitions on the 430 and 158 patents.

On February 9, 2017, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on DISH Network’s petition related to the 404 patent, and on February 13, 2017, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on our petition related to the 268 patent. On February 27, 2017, the United States Patent and Trademark Office granted DISH Network’s motions to join the instituted petitions on the 243 and 412 patents. On October 26, 2017, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued final written decisions on the petitions challenging the 158 patent, the 243 patent, the 412 patent and the 430 patent, and it invalidated all of the asserted claims of those patents.

On February 7, 2018, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued final written decisions on the petitions challenging the 404 patent, and it invalidated all of the asserted claims of that patent on the basis of DISH Network’s petition. On February 10, 2018, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a final written decision on DISH Network’s petition challenging the 268 patent, and it invalidated all of the asserted claims.

On March 12, 2018, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a final written decision on a third-party petition challenging the 268 patent, and it invalidated all of the asserted claims. All asserted claims have now been invalidated by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. TQ Delta filed notices of appeal from the final written decisions adverse to it. On May 9, 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the invalidity of the 430 patent and the 412 patent. On July 10, 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the invalidity of the asserted claims of the 404 patent. On July 15, 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed the invalidity of the asserted claims of the 268 patent. On November 22, 2019, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit reversed the invalidity finding on the 243 patent and the 158 patent, and then, on March 29, 2020, denied a petition for panel rehearing as to those findings. On April 13, 2021, the Court lifted the stay, and the case is proceeding on the 243 patent and the 158 patent. On April 23 and April 26, 2021, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued orders granting requests for ex parte reexamination of, respectively, the 243 patent and the 158 patent, but on July 27, 2023, the United States Patent and Trademark Office confirmed the challenged claims of the 243 patent. In a proposed supplemental report, TQ Delta’s damages expert contends that TQ Delta is entitled to $251 million in damages.

Uniloc 2017 LLC

On January 31, 2019, Uniloc 2017 LLC (“Uniloc”) filed a complaint against our wholly-owned subsidiary Sling TV L.L.C. in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado. The Complaint alleges infringement of United States Patent No. 6,519,005 (the “005 patent”), which is entitled “Method of Concurrent Multiple-Mode Motion Estimation for Digital Video”; United States Patent No. 6,895,118 (the “118 patent”), which is entitled “Method of Coding Digital Image Based on Error Concealment”; United States Patent No. 9,721,273 (the “273 patent”), which is entitled “System and Method for Aggregating and Providing Audio and Visual Presentations Via a Computer Network”); and United States Patent No. 8,407,609 (the “609 patent”), which is entitled “System and Method for Providing and Tracking the Provision of Audio and Visual Presentations Via a Computer Network.”

On June 25, 2019, Sling TV L.L.C. filed a petition with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all of the asserted claims of the 005 patent. On July 19, 2019 and July 22, 2019, respectively, Sling TV L.L.C. filed petitions with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all asserted claims of the 273 patent and the 609 patent. On August 12, 2019, Sling TV L.L.C. filed a petition with the United States Patent and Trademark Office challenging the validity of all of the asserted claims of the 118 patent. On October 18, 2019, pursuant to a stipulation of the parties, the Court entered a stay of the trial proceedings.

On January 9, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on the petition challenging the 005 patent. On January 15, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on the petition challenging the 273 patent. On February 4, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office agreed to institute proceedings on the petition challenging the 609 patent. On February 25, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office declined to institute proceedings on the petition challenging the 118 patent.

On December 28, 2020, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a final written decision upholding the validity of the challenged claims of the 273 patent. Sling TV L.L.C. appealed that decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, and on February 2, 2022, the Federal Circuit vacated the final written decision and remanded to the United States Patent and Trademark Office to reconsider its ruling. On remand, on September 7, 2022, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a revised final written decision finding all challenged claims of the 273 patent invalid. On November 9, 2022, Uniloc filed a notice of appeal of that revised final written decision, and briefing was completed on August 11, 2023.

On January 5, 2021, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a final written decision invalidating all challenged claims of the 005 patent. On January 19, 2021, the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a final written decision invalidating all challenged claims of the 609 patent (and a second final written decision invalidating all challenged claims of the 609 patent based on a third party’s petition).

Vermont National Telephone Company

On September 23, 2016, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia unsealed a qui tam complaint that, on May 13, 2015, Vermont National filed against our wholly-owned subsidiaries, DISH Network, American AWS-3 Wireless I L.L.C., American II, American III, and DISH Wireless Holding L.L.C.; Charles W. Ergen (our Chairman) and Cantey M. Ergen (a member of our Board of Directors); Northstar Wireless; Northstar Spectrum; Northstar Manager; SNR Wireless; SNR HoldCo; SNR Management; and certain other parties. The complaint alleges violations of the federal civil False Claims Act (the “FCA”) based on, among other things, allegations that Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless falsely claimed bidding credits of 25% in the AWS-3 Auction when they were allegedly under the de facto control of DISH Network and, therefore, were not entitled to the bidding credits as designated entities under applicable FCC rules. Vermont National participated in the AWS-3 Auction through its wholly-owned subsidiary, VTel Wireless. The complaint was unsealed after the United States Department of Justice notified the District Court that it had declined to intervene in the action. Vermont National seeks to recover on behalf of the United States government approximately $10 billion, which reflects the $3.3 billion in bidding credits that Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless claimed in the AWS-3 Auction, trebled under the FCA. Vermont National also seeks civil penalties of not less than $5,500 and not more than $11,000 for each violation of the FCA. On March 2, 2017, the United States District Court for the District of Columbia entered a stay of the litigation until such time as the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia (the “D.C. Circuit”) issued its opinion in SNR Wireless LicenseCo, LLC, et al. v. F.C.C. The D.C. Circuit issued its opinion on August 29, 2017 and remanded the matter to the FCC for further proceedings. See “Commitments – DISH Network Noncontrolling Investments in the Northstar Entities and the SNR Entities Related to AWS-3 Wireless Spectrum Licenses” above for further information.

Thereafter, the District Court maintained the stay until October 26, 2018. On February 11, 2019, the District Court granted Vermont National’s unopposed motion for leave to file an amended complaint. On March 28, 2019, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss Vermont National’s amended complaint, and on March 23, 2021, the District Court granted the motion to dismiss. On April 21, 2021, Vermont National filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the DC Circuit and, on May 17, 2022, that court reversed the District Court’s dismissal of the complaint. On June 16, 2022, the Defendants-Appellees filed a petition for rehearing or rehearing en banc, but on August 17, 2022, that petition was denied. On August 25, 2023, the FCC provided a sworn declaration stating that “the FCC considers … SNR and Northstar to have fully and timely satisfied their obligations to pay money to the Government arising from the AWS-3 Auction.” On that basis, on September 22, 2023, the Defendants filed a motion seeking partial summary judgment of no damages. On September 26, 2023, the Court denied the motion as premature.

We intend to vigorously defend this case. We cannot predict with any degree of certainty the outcome of this proceeding or determine the extent of any potential liability or damages.

Other

In addition to the above actions, we are subject to various other legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business, including, among other things, disputes with programmers regarding fees. In our opinion, the amount of ultimate liability with respect to any of these actions is unlikely to materially affect our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity, though the outcomes could be material to our operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period.

Organization and Business Activities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Organization and Business Activities

Organization and Business Activities

1.Organization and Business Activities

Principal Business

EchoStar Corporation is a holding company that was organized in October 2007 as a corporation under the laws of the State of Nevada. Its subsidiaries (which together with EchoStar Corporation are referred to as “EchoStar,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and/or “our,” unless otherwise required by the context).

Recent Developments

Merger with DISH Network

On December 31, 2023, we completed the acquisition of DISH Network pursuant to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 2, 2023 (the “Amended Merger Agreement”), by and among us, EAV Corp., a Nevada corporation and our wholly owned subsidiary (“Merger Sub”), and DISH Network, pursuant to which we acquired DISH Network by means of the merger of Merger Sub with and into DISH Network (the “Merger”), with DISH Network surviving the Merger as our wholly owned subsidiary.

On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Amended Merger Agreement, on December 31, 2023, at 11:59 p.m. ET (the “Effective Time”), each share of DISH Network Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“DISH Network Class A Common Stock”) and DISH Network Class C common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“DISH Network Class C Common Stock”) outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, was converted into the right to receive a number of validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of EchoStar Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“EchoStar Class A Common Stock”) equal to 0.350877 (the “Exchange Ratio”). On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Amended Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time, each share of DISH Network Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“DISH Network Class B Common Stock” and, together with DISH Network Class A Common Stock and DISH Network Class C Common Stock, “DISH Network Common Stock”), outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time was converted into the right to receive a number of validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of EchoStar Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “EchoStar Class B Common Stock” and, together with the EchoStar Class A Common Stock, the “EchoStar Common Stock”), equal to the Exchange Ratio. Any shares of DISH Network Common Stock that were held in DISH Network’s treasury or held directly by us or Merger Sub immediately prior to the Effective Time were cancelled and cease to exist and no consideration was paid in respect thereof. All shares of the DISH Network Class A Common Stock were delisted from the Nasdaq Global Select Market (“NASDAQ”) and deregistered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

The EchoStar Common Stock issued to the Ergen DISH Stockholders (as defined in the Amended Merger Agreement) as Merger consideration was issued through a private placement exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). At the Effective Time, each share of DISH Network Class A Common Stock owned by the Ergen DISH Stockholders immediately prior to the Effective Time was converted into the right to receive a number of shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock equal to the Exchange Ratio, and (b) each share of DISH Network Class B Common Stock owned by the Ergen DISH Stockholders immediately prior to the Effective Time was converted into the right to receive a number of shares of EchoStar Class B Common Stock equal to the Exchange Ratio.

Concurrently with the entry into the Amended Merger Agreement, the Ergen EchoStar Stockholders (as defined in the Amended Merger Agreement), the Ergen DISH Stockholders (collectively, the “Ergen Stockholders”), we and DISH Network entered into an amended and restated support agreement (the “Amended Support Agreement”).

In connection with the completion of the Merger, and pursuant to the Amended and Restated Support Agreement, the Ergen Stockholders, we and DISH Network, on December 31, 2023, we and the Ergen Stockholders entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”).

The Registration Rights Agreement provides the Ergen Stockholders, and their affiliates who become parties thereto, with certain registration rights relating to the shares of EchoStar Common Stock, which they beneficially own, including (i) the right to demand shelf registration as well as registration on long and short form registration statements and (ii) “piggyback” registration rights to be included in future registered offerings by us of our equity securities, in each case, subject to certain requirements and customary conditions. The Registration Rights Agreement sets forth customary registration procedures, including an agreement by us to make appropriate officers available to participate in roadshow presentations and cooperate as reasonably requested in connection with any underwritten offerings. We also agreed to indemnify the Ergen Stockholders and their affiliates with respect to liabilities resulting from untrue statements or omissions in any registration statement used in any such registration, other than untrue statements or omissions based on or contained in information furnished to us for use in a registration statement by a participating stockholder.

For more information and a copy of the Amended Merger Agreement, the Amended Support Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement, see the Form 8-K of EchoStar Corporation filed on October 3, 2023 and the Form 8-K of EchoStar Corporation filed on January 2, 2024.

With the Merger complete, we are currently focused on the process of integrating our and DISH Network’s business in a manner that facilitates synergies, cost savings, growth opportunities and achieves other anticipated benefits (the “Integration”).

Future Capital Requirements

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business.

Our cash and cash equivalents and marketable investment securities totaled $2.4 billion as of December 31, 2023 (“Cash on Hand”). As reflected in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2023, we have $951 million and $1.98 billion of debt maturing in March and November 2024, respectively, as well as a $438 million obligation related to the SNR put right. We satisfied the SNR obligation out of Cash on Hand on February 16, 2024, and for calendar year 2024 are forecasting negative cash flows.

Because we do not currently have committed financing to fund our operations for at least twelve months from the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, substantial doubt exists about our ability to continue as a going concern. We currently intend to use Cash on Hand and cash flow from operations to pay the March 2024 debt maturity. However, we do not currently have the necessary Cash on Hand and/or projected future cash flows to fund the November 2024 debt maturity and subsequent interest on our outstanding debt. To address our capital needs, we are in active discussions with funding sources to raise additional capital and restructure our outstanding debt. We cannot provide assurances that we will be successful in obtaining such new financing and/or restructuring the existing debt obligations necessary for us to have sufficient liquidity. Further, if we are not successful in these endeavors, then capital expenditures to meet future FCC build out requirements and wireless customer growth initiatives will be adversely affected.

The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amount and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we not continue as a going concern.

Segments

We currently operate four primary business segments: (1) Pay-TV; (2) Retail Wireless; (3) 5G Network Deployment; and (4) Broadband and Satellite Services.

Pay-TV

We offer pay-TV services under the DISH® brand and the SLING® brand (collectively “Pay-TV” services). The DISH branded pay-TV service consists of, among other things, Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) licenses authorizing us to use direct broadcast satellite (“DBS”) and Fixed Satellite Service (“FSS”) spectrum, our owned and leased satellites, receiver systems, broadcast operations, a leased fiber optic network, in-home service and call center operations, and certain other assets utilized in our operations (“DISH TV”). We also design, develop and distribute receiver systems and provide digital broadcast operations, including satellite uplinking/downlinking, transmission and other services to third-party pay-TV providers. The SLING branded pay-TV services consist of, among other things, multichannel, live-linear and on-demand streaming over-the-top (“OTT”) Internet-based domestic, international, Latino and Freestream video programming services (“SLING TV”). As of December 31, 2023, we had 8.526 million Pay-TV subscribers in the United States, including 6.471 million DISH TV subscribers and 2.055 million SLING TV subscribers.

Retail Wireless

We offer nationwide prepaid and postpaid retail wireless services to subscribers primarily under our Boost Mobile®, Boost postpaid and Gen Mobile® brands (“Retail Wireless” services), as well as a competitive portfolio of wireless devices. Prepaid wireless subscribers generally pay in advance for monthly access to wireless talk, text, and data services. Postpaid wireless subscribers are qualified to pay after receiving wireless talk, text, and data services, and may also qualify for financing arrangements for wireless devices.

We are currently operating our Retail Wireless segment primarily as a mobile virtual network operator (“MVNO”) as we continue our 5G Network Deployment and commercialize our 5G Network, as defined below. We are transitioning our Retail Wireless segment to a mobile network operator (“MNO”) as our 5G Network becomes commercially available and we are currently activating subscribers onto our 5G Network in markets where we have reached voice over new radio (“VoNR”). As an MVNO, today we depend on T-Mobile and AT&T to provide us with network services under the amended Master Network Services Agreement (“MNSA”) and Network Services Agreement (the “NSA”), respectively. Under the NSA, we expect AT&T will become our primary network services provider. As of December 31, 2023, we had 7.378 million Wireless subscribers.

Other Developments

We regularly evaluate ways to enhance our business. As part of this process, we are in regular dialogue with interested parties who may assist us in accomplishing our goals, including ongoing conversations with CONX Corp. (an entity partially owned by Charles W. Ergen, our Chairman) regarding a transaction involving our Retail Wireless segment. There can be no assurance that these discussions will lead to a transaction nor as to the structure or terms of any such transaction.

5G Network Deployment

DISH Network Spectrum

We have invested a total of over $30 billion to acquire certain Wireless spectrum licenses. These Wireless spectrum licenses are subject to certain interim and final build-out requirements, as well as certain renewal requirements. We plan to commercialize our Wireless spectrum licenses through the completion of the nation’s first cloud-native, Open Radio Access Network (“O-RAN”) based 5G network (our “5G Network Deployment”). We have committed to deploy a facilities-based 5G broadband network (our “5G Network”) capable of serving increasingly larger portions of the U.S. population at different deadlines, including 20% of the U.S. population by June 2022 and 70% of the U.S. population by June 2023. If by June 2023, we are offering 5G broadband service to at least 50% of the U.S. population but less than 70% of the U.S. population, the 70% June 2023 deadline will be extended automatically to June 2025; however, as a result, we may, under certain circumstances, potentially be subject to certain penalties. On June 14, 2022, we announced we had successfully reached our 20% population coverage requirement. In addition, we announced and certified to the FCC that as of June 14, 2023, we offer 5G broadband service to over 73% of the U.S. population, or more than 246 million Americans nationwide. On September 29, 2023, the FCC confirmed we have met all of our June 14, 2023 band-specific 5G deployment commitments, and two of our three nationwide 5G commitments. The single remaining 5G commitment, that at least 70% of the U.S. population has access to average download speeds equal to 35 Mbps, will be confirmed using the drive test methodology agreed to and approved by the FCC. We have six months from September 29, 2023 to complete this drive test. We now have the largest commercial deployment of 5G VoNR in the world reaching approximately 200 million Americans and 5G broadband service reaching approximately 250 million Americans.

DISH Network Noncontrolling Investments in the Northstar Entities and the SNR Entities Related to AWS-3 Wireless Spectrum Licenses

During 2015, through our wholly-owned subsidiaries American AWS-3 Wireless II L.L.C. (“American II”) and American AWS-3 Wireless III L.L.C. (“American III”), we initially made over $10 billion in certain noncontrolling investments in Northstar Spectrum, LLC (“Northstar Spectrum”), the parent company of Northstar Wireless, L.L.C. (“Northstar Wireless,” and collectively with Northstar Spectrum, the “Northstar Entities”), and in SNR Wireless HoldCo, LLC (“SNR HoldCo”), the parent company of SNR Wireless LicenseCo, LLC (“SNR Wireless,” and collectively with SNR HoldCo, the “SNR Entities”), respectively. On October 27, 2015, the FCC granted certain AWS-3 wireless spectrum licenses (the “AWS-3 Licenses”) to Northstar Wireless and to SNR Wireless, respectively, which are recorded in “Regulatory authorizations, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Under the applicable accounting guidance in Accounting Standards Codification 810, Consolidation (“ASC 810”), Northstar Spectrum and SNR HoldCo are considered variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and, based on the characteristics of the structure of these entities and in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we consolidate these entities into our financial statements. On October 12, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of Northstar Manager, LLC’s (“NorthStar Manager”) ownership interests in Northstar Spectrum, which we purchased for a total of approximately $109 million. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to Northstar Spectrum as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the Northstar Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries. Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of SNR Wireless Management, LLC’s (“SNR Management”) ownership interests in SNR HoldCo, which was purchased by our direct wholly-owned subsidiary EchoStar SNR HoldCo LLC for a total of approximately $442 million on February 16, 2024. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to SNR HoldCo as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the SNR Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries. See Note 2 for further information.

Broadband and Satellite Services

We offer broadband satellite technologies and broadband internet products and services to consumer customers. We provide broadband network technologies, managed services, equipment, hardware, satellite services and communications solutions to government and enterprise customers. We also design, provide and install gateway and terminal equipment to customers for other satellite systems. In addition, we design, develop, construct and provide telecommunication networks comprising satellite ground segment systems and terminals to mobile system operators and our enterprise customers. We also offer a robust suite of integrated, multi-transport solutions to enable airline and airline service providers to deliver reliable in-flight network connectivity serving both commercial and business aviation. As of December 31, 2023, we had 1.004 million Broadband subscribers.

Our EchoStar XXIV satellite began service in December 2023, bringing additional broadband capacity across North and South America and is expected to be an integral part of our satellite service business. Revenue in our satellite services business depends largely on our ability to make continuous use of our available satellite capacity on behalf of existing customers and our ability to enter into commercial relationships with new customers.

Other Developments

Cyber-Security Incident

On February 23, 2023, DISH Network experienced a network outage that affected its internal servers and IT telephony. We immediately activated our incident response and business continuity plans designed to contain, remediate and recover from the situation. We engaged the services of certain cyber-security experts and outside advisors to assist in the evaluation of the situation, and once we determined that the outage was due to a cybersecurity incident, we promptly notified appropriate law enforcement authorities.

On February 28, 2023, we further disclosed that certain data had been extracted from the DISH Network IT systems. Our investigation into the extent of the incident is now completed. We determined that our customer databases were not accessed, however, we confirmed that certain employee-related records as well as a limited number of other records containing certain personal information were among the data extracted. We took steps to protect the affected records, received confirmation that the extracted data was deleted and notified individuals whose data was extracted.

The DISH TV, SLING TV and Retail Wireless services, along with our wireless and data networks remained operational at all times during the incident. As of March 31, 2023, all significant systems had been restored.

During the first quarter of 2023, we incurred substantially all of our cyber-security-related expenses for this matter, including, but not limited to, costs to remediate the incident and provide additional customer support. During the second, third and fourth quarters of 2023, we did not incur additional material expenses resulting from the cyber-security incident and do not expect to incur material expenses in future periods. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred approximately $30 million in cyber-security-related expenses, which are recorded in “Cost of services” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows
Cash paid for interest (including capitalized interest)	$ 1,400,524	$ 1,144,915	$ 906,925
Cash received for interest	163,729	30,264	11,888
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds	15,634	98,930	98,456
Capitalized interest	1,335,129	1,084,880	858,605
Employee benefits paid in Class A common stock	20,101	33,389	37,446
Convertible debt reclassified per ASU 2020-06			1,051,344
Deferred taxes reclassified per ASU 2020-06			245,778
Vendor financing	87,343	108,048	26,627
FCC licenses reclassification		122,657	915,449
Accrued capital expenditures	238,231	403,134	463,092
Asset retirement obligation	$ 74,189	122,390	$ 50,765
Revaluation of contingent liabilities		47,916
Non-cash net assets received as part of the India JV formation		$ 36,701

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities

Schedule of marketable investment securities, restricted cash and cash equivalents, and other investment securities


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Marketable investment securities:
Current marketable investment securities:
Strategic - available-for-sale	$	144	$	144
Strategic - trading/equity		176,205		119,445
Other		446,695		1,690,309
Total current marketable investment securities		623,044		1,809,898
Restricted marketable investment securities (1)		27,840		52,744
Total marketable investment securities		650,884		1,862,642

Restricted cash and cash equivalents (1)		90,225		64,267

Other investment securities, net:
Equity method investments		169,038		213,178
Cost method investments		106,134		142,057
Fair value method and other debt investments		39,198		169,670
Total other investment securities, net		314,370		524,905

Total marketable investment securities, restricted cash and cash equivalents, and other investment securities, net	$	1,055,479	$	2,451,814

(1)	Restricted marketable investment securities and restricted cash and cash equivalents are included in “Restricted cash, cash equivalents and marketable investment securities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Schedule of fair value measurements


	As of
	December 31, 2023								December 31, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

	(In thousands)
Cash equivalents (including restricted)	$	1,692,849	$	573,504	$	1,119,345	$	—	$	2,216,929	$	174,707	$	2,042,222	$	—

Debt securities (including restricted):
U.S. Treasury and agency securities	$	65,172	$	65,172	$	—	$	—	$	33,807	$	33,807	$	—	$	—
Commercial paper		290,398		—		290,398		—		1,384,251		—		1,384,251		—
Corporate securities		114,265		—		114,265		—		316,939		—		316,939		—
Other		4,844		—		4,700		144		8,200		4,985		3,071		144
Equity securities		176,205		166,481		9,724		—		119,445		109,657		9,788		—
Total	$	650,884	$	231,653	$	419,087	$	144	$	1,862,642	$	148,449	$	1,714,049	$	144

Schedule of gains and losses on sales and changes in carrying amounts of investments and other


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Other, net:	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Marketable and non-marketable investment securities - realized and unrealized gains (losses) (1)	$	13,664	$	73,293	$	66,394
Derivative instruments - net realized and/or unrealized gains (losses) (2)		(1,793,387)		1,015,387		(13,000)
Other investment securities - other-than-temporary impairments (3)		(39,800)		—		(55,266)
Gains (losses) related to early redemption of debt (4)		73,024		(922)		(3,587)
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)		5,677		5,235		(12,612)
Equity in earnings (losses) of affiliates		(8,098)		(3,087)		(6,221)
Other		(21,872)		(1,465)		29,008
Total	$	(1,770,792)	$	1,088,441	$	4,716

(1)

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded a loss of $24 million related to a decline in value of an investment previously held on a cost-basis method, due to fair value becoming determinable as a result of a merger between that entity and a publicly traded entity. Starting September 30, 2023, and for all subsequent periods, the investment is classified as marketable investment securities.

(2)	The change in the derivative’s carrying value for the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily driven by a decrease in our estimated probability of exercising the option. This amount includes the $100 million prepayment previously made to T-Mobile.

(3)

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recorded a $33 million impairment for BCS as a result of increased competition and the economic environment for this business. We estimated the fair value of our investment by using the combination of the discounted cash flow model and market value approach.

(4)	This change primarily resulted from repurchases of our Convertible Notes and 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 during the year ended December 31, 2023. See Note 10 for further information.

Leases - Supplemental Balance Sheet Information (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Leases
Operating lease assets	$ 3,065,448	$ 2,823,834
Other current liabilities	$ 317,395	$ 210,855
Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Other Accrued Liabilities, Current	Other Accrued Liabilities, Current
Operating lease liabilities	$ 3,121,307	$ 2,808,774
Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities
Total	$ 3,438,702	$ 3,019,629
Operating Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]	Accounts Payable, Current, Operating lease liabilities	Accounts Payable, Current, Operating lease liabilities
Property and equipment, gross	$ 17,747,189	$ 15,193,084
Accumulated depreciation	(8,185,355)	(7,288,127)
Property and equipment, net	9,561,834	7,904,957
Other current liabilities	$ 56,459	$ 48,066
Finance Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Current	Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Current
Other long-term liabilities	$ 67,199	$ 75,287
Finance Lease, Liability, Noncurrent, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Long Term Debt And Finance Lease Obligations Net Of Current Portion	Long Term Debt And Finance Lease Obligations Net Of Current Portion
Total	$ 123,658	$ 123,353
Finance Lease, Liability, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]	Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Current, Long Term Debt And Finance Lease Obligations Net Of Current Portion	Long-term Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, Current, Long Term Debt And Finance Lease Obligations Net Of Current Portion
Operating Lease, Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	10 years 7 months 6 days	11 years 9 months 18 days
Finance Lease, Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term	2 years 2 months 12 days	2 years 8 months 12 days
Operating Lease, Weighted Average Discount Rate, Percent	9.50%	7.20%
Finance Lease, Weighted Average Discount Rate, Percent	9.70%	9.80%
Reduction in operating lease asset	$ 227,000
Reduction in operating lease liability	227,000
Property and equipment
Leases
Property and equipment, gross	833,933	$ 772,420
Accumulated depreciation	(520,344)	(425,696)
Property and equipment, net	$ 313,589	$ 346,724

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include all balances and results of operations of EchoStar and our consolidated subsidiaries and are prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). We consolidate all majority owned subsidiaries, investments in entities in which we have controlling influence and VIEs where we have been determined to be the primary beneficiary. Minority interests are recorded as noncontrolling interests or redeemable noncontrolling interests. See below for further information. Non-consolidated investments are accounted for using the equity method when we have the ability to significantly influence the operating decisions of the investee. When we do not have the ability to significantly influence the operating decisions of an investee, these equity securities are classified as either marketable investment securities or other investments, which will be initially recorded at cost, and based on observable market prices, will be adjusted to their fair value. We record fair value adjustments in “Other, net” within “Other Income (Expense)” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation.

Merger with DISH Network. Prior to the Merger, Charles W. Ergen and Cantey M. Ergen were the controlling stockholders of each of EchoStar and DISH Network and they continue to be the controlling stockholders of EchoStar after the Merger. Therefore, the Merger has been accounted for as a transaction between entities under common control in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 805, Business Combinations, Subtopic 50, Related Issues, with EchoStar considered as the receiving entity because EchoStar issued equity in connection with the Merger. Accordingly, upon the completion of the Merger, on December 31, 2023, EchoStar recorded DISH Network’s net assets at their carrying value, with no additional goodwill or other intangible assets recognized.

Upon the completion of the Merger, the net assets of DISH Network have been combined with those of EchoStar at their historical carrying amounts and DISH Network and EchoStar are presented on a combined basis for all historical periods that the companies were under common control. Shares of EchoStar Common Stock issued to holders of DISH Network Common Stock in exchange for the outstanding shares of DISH Network Common Stock were recorded at par value and historical weighted average basic and diluted shares of DISH Network have been adjusted by the Exchange Ratio and included in the weighted average shares outstanding on our consolidated statements of operations. EchoStar reissued treasury shares as part of the EchoStar share issuance upon the completion of the Merger. The accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 include cash repurchases of the treasury shares that were reissued in connection with closing of the Merger. Intercompany transactions between EchoStar and DISH Network have been eliminated from all historical periods.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Northstar Wireless. Northstar Wireless is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Northstar Spectrum, which is an entity owned by Northstar Manager and us. Under the applicable accounting guidance in ASC 810, Northstar Spectrum is considered a VIE and, based on the characteristics of the structure of this entity and in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we consolidate Northstar Spectrum into our financial statements. The Northstar Operative Agreements, as amended, provide for, among other things, that Northstar Manager has the ability, but not the obligation, to require Northstar Spectrum to purchase Northstar Manager’s ownership interests in Northstar Spectrum (the “Northstar Put Right”) for a purchase price that equals its equity contribution to Northstar Spectrum plus a fixed annual rate of return.

The First Northstar Put Window closed in the first quarter of 2021. On October 21, 2022, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American II received notice that Northstar Manager exercised the Northstar Put Right effective as of October 21, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the aggregate value of the Northstar Put Right accrued to $96 million. On October 12, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of Northstar Manager’s ownership interests in Northstar Spectrum, which we purchased for a total of approximately $109 million. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to Northstar Spectrum as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the Northstar Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Northstar Spectrum does not have a call right with respect to Northstar Manager’s ownership interests in Northstar Spectrum. Although Northstar Manager is the sole manager of Northstar Spectrum, Northstar Manager’s ownership interest was considered temporary equity under the applicable accounting guidance and was recorded as part of “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” in the mezzanine section of our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Northstar Manager’s ownership interest in Northstar Spectrum was initially accounted for at fair value. Subsequently, Northstar Manager’s ownership interest in Northstar Spectrum was increased by the fixed annual rate of return through “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the offset recorded in “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The operating results of Northstar Spectrum attributable to Northstar Manager were recorded as “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the offset recorded in “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 15 for further information.

SNR Wireless. SNR Wireless is a wholly-owned subsidiary of SNR HoldCo, which is an entity owned by SNR Management and us. Under the applicable accounting guidance in ASC 810, SNR HoldCo is considered a VIE and, based on the characteristics of the structure of this entity and in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance, we consolidate SNR HoldCo into our financial statements. The SNR Operative Agreements, as amended, provide for, among other things, that SNR Management has the ability, but not the obligation, to require SNR HoldCo to purchase SNR Management’s ownership interests in SNR HoldCo (the “SNR Put Right”) for a purchase price that equals its equity contribution to SNR HoldCo plus a fixed annual rate of return.

The First SNR Put Window closed in the first quarter of 2021. On November 15, 2021, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary American III received notice that SNR Management exercised the SNR Put Right effective as of November 15, 2021. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the aggregate value of the SNR Put Right had accrued to approximately $438 million and $368 million, respectively. Subsequent to December 31, 2023, the FCC consented to the sale of SNR Management’s ownership interests in SNR HoldCo, which was purchased by our direct wholly-owned subsidiary EchoStar SNR HoldCo LLC for a total of approximately $442 million on February 16, 2024. This purchase resulted in the elimination of all of our redeemable noncontrolling interest as it related to SNR HoldCo as of the purchase date and we continue to consolidate the SNR Entities as wholly-owned subsidiaries.

SNR HoldCo does not have a call right with respect to SNR Management’s ownership interests in SNR HoldCo. Although SNR Management is the sole manager of SNR HoldCo, SNR Management’s ownership interest is considered temporary equity under the applicable accounting guidance and is thus recorded as part of “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” in the mezzanine section of our Consolidated Balance Sheets. SNR Management’s ownership interest in SNR HoldCo was initially accounted for at fair value. Subsequently, SNR Management’s ownership interest in SNR HoldCo is increased by the fixed annual rate of return through “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the offset recorded in “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The operating results of SNR HoldCo attributable to SNR Management are recorded as “Redeemable noncontrolling interests” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, with the offset recorded in “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 15 for further information.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense for each reporting period. Estimates are based on historical experience, observable market inputs, and other reasonable assumptions in accounting for, among other things, allowances for credit losses (including those related to our installment billing programs), self-insurance obligations, deferred taxes and related valuation allowances, uncertain tax positions, loss contingencies, fair value of financial instruments, fair value of options granted under our stock-based compensation plans, fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, the fair value of our option to purchase T-Mobile’s 800 MHz spectrum, inputs used to recognize revenue over time, including the relative standalone selling prices of performance obligations, finance leases, asset impairments, estimates of future cash flows used to evaluate and recognize impairments, useful lives of property, equipment and intangible assets, incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”) on lease right of use assets, nonrefundable upfront fees, independent third-party retailer incentives, programming expenses and subscriber lives. Economic conditions may increase the inherent uncertainty in the estimates and assumptions indicated above. Actual results may differ from previously estimated amounts, and such differences may be material to our consolidated financial statements. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically, and the effects of revisions are reflected prospectively in the period they occur.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

We consider all liquid investments purchased with a remaining maturity of 90 days or less at the date of acquisition to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 may consist of money market funds, government bonds, corporate notes and commercial paper. The amortized cost of these investments approximates their fair value.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Cash and cash equivalents are maintained with several financial institutions domestically and internationally. Deposits held with banks may exceed the amount of insurance provided on such deposits. Generally, these deposits may be redeemed upon demand and are maintained with financial institutions with investment-grade credit ratings. We routinely assess the financial strength of significant customers, and this assessment, combined with the large number and geographical diversity of its customers, limits our concentration of risk with respect to receivables from contracts with customers.

Marketable Investment Securities

All equity securities are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in “Other, net” within “Other Income (Expense)” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

All debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. We report the temporary unrealized gains and losses related to changes in market conditions of marketable debt securities as a separate component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” within “Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit),” net of related deferred income tax on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The changes in the fair value of marketable debt securities, which are determined to be company specific credit losses are recorded in “Other, net” within “Other Income (Expense)” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Interest income from available-for-sale debt securities is reported in Interest income, net in on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

We evaluate our debt investment portfolio to determine whether declines in the fair value of these securities are related to credit loss. Management estimates credit losses on marketable debt securities utilizing a credit loss impairment model on a quarterly basis. We estimate the expected credit losses, measured over the contractual life of marketable debt securities considering relevant issuer specific factors, including, but not limited to, a decrease in credit ratings or an entity’s ability to pay.

Receivables and Related Allowance for Credit Losses

General Accounts Receivable

Trade accounts receivable represent our unconditional rights to consideration arising from our performance under our customer contracts and are recorded at cost less an allowance for expected credit losses that are not expected to be recovered. We maintain allowances for credit losses resulting from the expected failure or inability of our customers to make required payments. We recognize the allowance for expected credit losses at inception and reassess quarterly based on management’s expectation of the asset’s collectability. Management estimates credit losses on financial assets, including our trade accounts receivable, utilizing a current expected credit loss impairment model. We estimate the expected credit losses, measured over the contractual life of an asset considering relevant historical loss information, credit quality of the customer base, current economic conditions and forecasts of future economic conditions.

In determining the allowance for credit losses, management groups similar types of financial assets with consistent risk characteristics. Pools identified by management include, but are not limited to residential customers, commercial customers, enterprise customers, and advertising services. The risk characteristics of the financial asset portfolios are monitored by management and reviewed periodically. The forecasts for future economic conditions are based on several factors including, but not limited to, changes in the unemployment rate, external economic forecasts and current collection rates. Our estimates of the allowance for credit losses may not be indicative of our actual credit losses requiring additional charges to be incurred to reflect the actual amount collected. Past due trade accounts receivable balances are written off against our allowance for credit losses when our internal collection efforts have been unsuccessful.

Installments Receivable

We offer Boost postpaid customers the option to pay for their devices and other equipment in installments, generally over a period of 36 months. Installments receivable are presented on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at their amortized cost basis (i.e., the receivables’ unpaid balance as adjusted for any written-off amounts due to impairment and unamortized discounts), net of the allowance for credit losses. At the time of an installment sale, we impute a discount for interest if the term exceeds 12 months as there is no stated rate of interest on the receivables. The receivables are recorded at their present value, which is determined by discounting expected future cash payments at the imputed interest rate. The current portion of installments receivable is included in “Trade accounts receivable, net” and the long-term portion of installments receivable is included in “Other noncurrent assets, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. This adjustment results in a discount or reduction in the transaction price of the contract with a customer, which is allocated to the performance obligations of the arrangement such as Equipment and other revenues on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

The imputed discount rate reflects a current market interest rate and is predominately comprised of the estimated credit risk underlying the installment receivable, reflecting the estimated credit worthiness of the customer. The imputed discount on receivables is amortized over the financed installment term using the effective interest method and recognized in “Equipment and other revenues” on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. The cost of manufactured inventory includes the cost of materials, labor, freight-in, royalties and manufacturing overhead. Net realizable value is calculated as the estimated selling price less reasonable costs necessary to complete, sell, transport and dispose of the inventory. We record write downs for inventory for obsolete and slow moving items based on trends and experience. We enter into arrangements with distributors where physical delivery of a product to a distributor has occurred, but we maintain control of the product until such time it is sold to an end consumer. For these arrangements, we account for the products as consigned inventory.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, including capitalized expenditures related to our wireless projects, 5G Network Deployment and satellites, are stated at cost less depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Capitalized expenditures include the cost of long-lived assets, plus the cost to construct the asset such as labor and overhead directly benefiting the asset. Interest is capitalized when pre-construction activity commences and ends once the asset is ready for its intended purpose. Our equipment leased to customers is generally capitalized when they are installed in customers’ homes. We have certain assets acquired under finance leases. The recorded costs of those assets are the present values of all lease payments. We amortize our finance lease right of use (“ROU”) assets over their respective lease terms.

If a satellite were to fail while in-orbit, the resultant loss would be charged to expense in the period such loss was incurred. The amount of any such loss would be reduced to the extent of insurance proceeds estimated to be received, if any. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over useful lives ranging from one to 40 years. Repair and maintenance costs are charged to expense when incurred. Renewals and improvements that add value or extend the asset’s useful life are capitalized.

Internal Use Software

We capitalize certain costs related to developing or acquiring internal use software. Capitalization of software costs begin once the preliminary project stage is completed and we commit to funding the software project. Capitalizing ceases when the software project is ready for its intended use. Capitalized software costs are recorded in “Property and equipment, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and are amortized over the estimated useful life of the software.

Asset Retirement Obligation

We record an asset retirement obligation for the estimated fair value of legal obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets and a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related asset in the period in which the obligation is incurred. In periods subsequent to initial measurement, we recognize changes in the liability resulting from the passage of time and revisions to either the timing or the amount of the original estimate. Over time, the liability is accreted to its present value and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the estimated useful life of the asset. Our asset retirement obligations relate primarily to certain legal obligations to remediate leased property on our communication towers and are recorded in “Property and equipment, net” with the related liability recorded in “Long-term deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Other Investments

Equity Method Investments

We use the equity method to account for investments when we have the ability to exercise significant influence on the operating decisions of the affiliate. Such investments are initially recorded at cost and subsequently adjusted for our proportionate share of the net earnings or loss of the investee, which is reported in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The carrying amount of such investments includes a component of goodwill when the cost of our investment exceeds the fair value of the underlying identifiable assets and liabilities of the affiliate. Dividends received from these affiliates reduces the carrying amount of our investment.

Cost Method Investments

We generally measure investments in non-publicly traded equity instruments without a readily determinable fair value at cost adjusted for observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar securities of the same issuer and changes resulting from impairments, if any. Other equity instruments are measured to determine their value based on observable market information. When we adjust the carrying amount of an investment to its estimated fair value, the gain or loss is recorded in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Other Debt Investments

We generally record our investments in non-publicly traded debt instruments without a readily determinable fair value at amortized cost. We recognize any discounts over the term of the loan in “Interest income, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). In addition, some of our debt instruments have interest income that is paid-in-kind, which is added to the principal balance to determine the then current interest income. When we adjust the carrying amount of an investment, the gain or loss is recorded in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Impairment Considerations

We periodically evaluate all of our other investments to determine whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the investment. We consider information if provided to us by our investees such as current financial statements, business plans, investment documentation, capitalization tables, liquidation waterfalls, and board materials; and we may make additional inquiries of investee management.

Indicators of impairment may include, but are not limited to, unprofitable operations, material loss contingencies, changes in business strategy, changes in market trends or market conditions, changes in the investees’ enterprise value and changes in the investees’ investment pricing. When we determine that one of our other investments is impaired we reduce its carrying value to its estimated fair value and recognize the impairment loss in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Derivative Instruments

We may purchase and hold derivative financial instruments for, among other reasons, strategic or speculative purposes. We record all derivative financial instruments on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value as either assets or liabilities. Changes in the fair values of derivative financial instruments are recognized in our results of operations and included in “Other, net” within “Other Income (Expense)” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). We have not designated any derivative financial instrument for hedge accounting.

We have the option to purchase certain of T-Mobile’s 800 MHz spectrum licenses from T-Mobile at a fixed price in the future as part of the Boost Mobile Acquisition. See Note 6 for further information.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

We review our long-lived assets and identifiable finite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Intangible assets that have finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. For assets which are held and used in operations, the asset would be impaired if the carrying amount of the asset (or asset group) exceeded its undiscounted future net cash flows. When an impairment is determined, the actual impairment recognized is the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value as estimated using one of the following approaches: income, cost and/or market. In the event of an impairment, a loss is recorded in “Impairment of long-lived assets” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) based on the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the long-lived asset or asset group. Assets which are to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.

Fair value, using the income approach, is determined primarily using a discounted cash flow model that uses the estimated cash flows associated with the asset or asset group under review, discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved. Fair value, utilizing the cost approach, is determined based on the replacement cost of the asset reduced for, among other things, depreciation and obsolescence. Fair value, utilizing the market approach, benchmarks the fair value against the carrying amount.

DBS Satellites

We currently evaluate our DBS satellite fleet for impairment as one asset group whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. We do not believe any triggering event has occurred which would indicate impairment as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. We will continue to monitor the DBS satellite fleet for indicators of impairment.

Broadband Satellites

We evaluate our Broadband satellites for impairment and test for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Certain anomalies may be considered a significant adverse change in the physical condition of a particular satellite. However, based on redundancies designed within each satellite, certain of these anomalies may not be considered to be significant events requiring a test of recoverability. We do not believe any triggering event has occurred which would indicate impairment as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. We will continue to monitor the Broadband satellite fleet for indicators of impairment.

Finite-Lived Regulatory Authorizations

We have regulatory authorizations that are not related to the FCC and have determined that they have finite lives due to uncertainties about the ability to extend or renew their terms. Finite lived regulatory authorizations are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis. Renewal costs are usually capitalized when they are incurred.

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

Intangible assets include customer relationships, trademarks, and certain below market contracts. These assets are amortized over their respective useful lives. We do not believe any triggering event has occurred which would indicate impairment as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets and Goodwill

We do not amortize indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill but test these assets for impairment annually, during the fourth quarter or more often if indicators of impairment arise. We have the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test. However, we may elect to bypass the qualitative assessment in any period and proceed directly to performing the quantitative impairment test. Our intangible assets with indefinite lives primarily consist of FCC licenses and certain other contractual or regulatory rights to use spectrum at specified orbital locations. Generally, we have determined that our FCC licenses have indefinite useful lives due to the following:

●

FCC licenses are a non-depleting asset;

●

existing FCC licenses are integral to our business segments and will contribute to cash flows indefinitely;

●

replacement satellite applications are generally authorized by the FCC subject to certain conditions, without substantial cost under a stable regulatory, legislative and legal environment;

●

maintenance expenditures to obtain future cash flows are not significant;

●

FCC licenses are not technologically dependent; and

●

we intend to use these assets indefinitely.

DBS Licenses

We combine all of our indefinite-lived DBS licenses that we currently utilize or plan to utilize in the future into a single unit of accounting. For 2023, 2022 and 2021, management performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the DBS licenses exceeds the carrying amount. In our assessment, we considered several factors, including, among others, overall financial performance, industry and market considerations, and relevant company specific events. In contemplating all factors in their totality, we concluded that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the DBS licenses exceeds its carrying amount. As such, no further analysis was required.

Broadband Licenses

Through a business acquisition in 2011, we acquired regulatory authorizations from the FCC to operate satellites using Ka-band frequencies at the 95° W.L. and 107.1° W.L. orbital locations (“Operational FCC Slot Licenses”). The regulatory rights for each orbital location are substantially equivalent. Through a business acquisition in 2019, we acquired global S-band non-geostationary satellite spectrum rights for mobile satellite services (the “Helios Spectrum”). For the year ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, management performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of these licenses exceeds the carrying amount. In our assessment, we considered several factors, including, among others, overall financial performance, industry and market considerations, and relevant company specific events. In contemplating all factors in their totality, we concluded that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Operational FCC Slot Licenses and the Helios Spectrum exceed their carrying amounts. As such, no further analysis was required.

Wireless Spectrum Licenses

During 2022, we acquired the 3.45-3.55 GHz wireless licenses (the “3.45–3.55 GHz Licenses”). During 2021, we acquired the 3550-3650 MHz (CBRS) and 3.7-3.98 GHz wireless licenses, together (the “C-Band Licenses”). During 2020, we acquired the 37 GHz, 39 GHz, and 47 GHz wireless licenses and during 2019, we acquired the 24 GHz and 28 GHz wireless licenses, together (the “High-Band Licenses”).

In 2023 and 2022, we combined our 600 MHz, 700 MHz, AWS-4, H Block, High-Band Licenses, C-Band Licenses, 3.45–3.55 GHz Licenses and the Northstar Licenses and SNR Licenses into a single unit of accounting. In 2021, we combined our 600 MHz, 700 MHz, AWS-4, H Block, High-Band Licenses, C-Band Licenses, 3.45–3.55 GHz Licenses and the Northstar Licenses and SNR Licenses into a single unit of accounting.

In 2023, we quantitatively assessed these licenses for impairment. Our quantitative assessment consisted of a market approach performed by a third party and reviewed by management.

Market Approach. Currently frequencies in the 500 kHz to 30 GHz make up the bulk of commercial use in the United States. Spectrum bands can be grouped into four categories: low-band (less than 1 GHz), lower mid-band (1-2 GHz), upper mid-band (primarily 2-4 GHz) and high-band (generally above 24 GHz). Radio frequencies have different characteristics with regard to the distance they will travel and their ability to penetrate structures. Lower band frequency bands require less power to travel large distances and propagate well providing geographic coverage, whereas higher bandwidth spectrum is favored in urban settings where the goal is increased data capacity and cell sites are dense, with limited coverage areas.

Spectrum is licensed by geographic areas that can vary from the size of a county to significantly larger expanses. Licenses can cover densely populated urban areas to sparsely populated rural regions. Pricing for spectrum licenses will vary, sometimes significantly based on the frequency, population area or restrictions associated with the authorization for use obtained from the FCC. Population or “Pop” is a key input to valuing each geographic license. The amount of spectrum included in a license is measured in terms of megahertz, referred to as “MHz.” The wider the band the greater the MHz.

The market approach assessed the value of our spectrum using benchmarks, based on market transactions, which may include spectrum auctions and secondary market transactions, either acquisitions of spectrum or of businesses for which spectrum values can reliably be inferred. The market approach looked at the value of each band of our spectrum by block and geographic area based on pairing the spectrum in a manner that yielded its highest and best use. Prices were then calculated on an amount per MHz-Pop basis (where the numerator is the total value of the licenses and the denominator is the product of the population and MHz) based upon the most relevant data points. Finally, a discount was applied to the analysis for lack of marketability on certain of our holdings based on sale restrictions associated with those specific bands.

Our spectrum holdings include low-band, lower mid-band, upper mid-band (collectively referred to as “Low-Mid Band Licenses”) and high-band licenses.

As part of our impairment assessment we performed the market approach during the fourth quarter of 2023 and concluded that the fair value of these licenses are substantially in excess of their carrying value.

In 2022, management performed a quantitative assessment to determine whether the fair value of these licenses exceed the carrying amount. In our assessment, we performed the market approach and the income approach during the fourth quarter of 2022 and concluded that under both scenarios the fair value of these licenses are substantially in excess of their carrying value.

In 2021, management performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of these licenses exceed the carrying amount. In our assessment, we considered several factors, including, among other things, the projected financial performance of our Wireless segment, the business enterprise value of our Wireless segment, and market transactions for wireless spectrum licenses including auction results. In assessing these factors, we considered both macroeconomic conditions and industry and market conditions. In contemplating all factors in their totality, we concluded that it is more likely than not that the fair value of these licenses exceeds their carrying amount.

During 2023, 2022, and 2021, our multichannel video distribution and data service (“MVDDS”) wireless spectrum licenses were assessed as a single unit of accounting. For 2023, 2022 and 2021, management assessed these licenses qualitatively. Our qualitative assessment focused on recent auction results and historical market activity. We concluded that it is more likely than not that the fair value of these licenses exceeded their carrying amount.

Changes in circumstances or market conditions could result in a write-down of any of the above Wireless spectrum licenses in the future.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred over the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, which includes, among others, the SLING TV, DISH TV, Retail Wireless, 5G Network Deployment and Hughes reporting units. Historically the majority of our goodwill relates to the Hughes reporting unit within our Broadband and Satellite Services segment and the Retail Wireless and 5G Network Deployment segments.

We perform our annual impairment assessment for goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets each year during the fourth quarter or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate an impairment may be possible. We previously performed our annual impairment assessment for goodwill during the second quarter and changed the testing date due to the Merger in order to align the testing date between all reporting units. The change in testing date does not result in a material change in the method of our goodwill impairment assessment. We may consider qualitative factors to assess if it is more likely than not that the fair value for goodwill is below the carrying amount. If we determine in the qualitative assessment that it is more likely than not that the fair value is less than its carrying value, then we perform a quantitative assessment to determine the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. We may also elect to bypass the qualitative assessment and perform a quantitative assessment.

Our assessment process included, among other things, discounted cash flow analyses, consideration of fair values of tangible and indefinite-lived intangible assets held by the reporting units and our recent market capitalization. Our assessment indicated the goodwill attributed to certain acquisitions was no longer supported based on the sustained decrease in our market capitalization. As such, we recorded a total noncash impairment charge of approximately $758 million in “Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

No impairments were indicated for any reporting unit for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

The following table presents the changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by operating segment:


Goodwill	Pay-TV		Retail Wireless		5G Network Deployment		Broadband and Satellite Services		Total

	(In thousands)

Balance as of December 31, 2021, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	6,457	$	98,657	$	119,903	$	511,086	$	736,103
Goodwill from India JV formation, net of foreign currency translation		—		—		—		21,405		21,405
Balance as of December 31, 2022, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	6,457	$	98,657	$	119,903	$	532,491	$	757,508
Impairment of goodwill		(6,457)		(98,657)		(119,903)		(532,491)		(757,508)
Balance as of December 31, 2023, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Accumulated impairment losses as of December 31, 2023	$	(6,457)	$	(98,657)	$	(119,903)	$	(532,491)	$	(757,508)

Capitalized Interest

We capitalize interest associated with the acquisition or construction of certain assets, including, among other things, our Wireless spectrum licenses, build-out costs associated with our 5G Network Deployment and satellites. Capitalization of interest begins when, among other things, steps are taken to prepare the asset for its intended use and ceases when the asset is ready for its intended use or when these activities are substantially suspended.

We are currently commercializing our 5G Network Deployment. As a result, the interest expense related to the carrying amount of the 5G Network Deployment qualifying assets is being capitalized. Historically, the qualifying assets exceeded the carrying value of our long-term debt and finance lease obligations, therefore substantially all of our interest expense was being capitalized. However, as the qualifying assets, including certain bands of wireless spectrum licenses, are placed into service, we will no longer capitalize interest on those assets and we will begin to expense interest on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Business Combinations

When we acquire a business that is not subject to rules pertaining to common control, we allocate the purchase price to the various components of the acquisition based upon the fair value of each component using various valuation techniques, including the market approach, income approach and/or cost approach. The accounting standard for business combinations requires identifiable assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and goodwill acquired to be recorded at acquisition date fair values. Transaction costs related to the acquisition of the business are expensed as incurred. Costs associated with the issuance of debt associated with a business combination are capitalized and included as a yield adjustment to the underlying debt’s stated rate.

Acquired intangible assets other than goodwill are amortized over their estimated useful lives unless the lives are determined to be indefinite. Amortization of these intangible assets in general are recognized on a straight-line basis over an average finite useful life primarily ranging from approximately one to 20 years or in relation to the estimated discounted cash flows over the life of the intangible asset.

Long-Term Deferred Revenue and Other Long-Term Liabilities

Certain programmers provide us up-front payments. Such amounts are deferred and recognized as reductions to “Cost of services” on a straight-line basis over the relevant remaining contract term (generally up to ten years). The current and long-term portions of these deferred credits are recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets in “Deferred revenue and other” and “Long-term deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities,” respectively.

Sales Taxes

We account for sales taxes imposed on our goods and services on a net basis on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Since we primarily act as an agent for the governmental authorities, the amount charged to the customer is collected and remitted directly to the appropriate jurisdictional entity.

Income Taxes

We establish a provision for income taxes currently payable or receivable and for income tax amounts deferred to future periods. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recorded for the estimated future tax effects of differences that exist between the book and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are offset by valuation allowances when we believe it is more likely than not that such net deferred tax assets will not be realized.

From time to time, we engage in transactions where the tax consequences may be subject to uncertainty. We record a liability when, in management’s judgment, a tax filing position does not meet the more likely than not threshold. For tax positions that meet the more likely than not threshold, we may record a liability depending on management’s assessment of how the tax position will ultimately be settled. We adjust our estimates periodically for ongoing examinations by and settlements with various taxing authorities, as well as changes in tax laws, regulations and precedent. We classify interest and penalties, if any, associated with our uncertain tax positions as a component of “Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized” and “Other, net,” respectively, on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Fair Value Measurements

We determine fair value based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. Market or observable inputs are the preferred source of values, followed by unobservable inputs or assumptions based on hypothetical transactions in the absence of market inputs. We apply the following hierarchy in determining fair value:

●

Level 1, defined as observable inputs being quoted prices in active markets for identical assets;

●

Level 2, defined as observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; and quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and

●

Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other participants therefore requiring assumptions based on the best information available.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the carrying amount for cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable (net of allowance for credit losses) and current liabilities (excluding the “Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations”) was equal to or approximated fair value due to their short-term nature or proximity to current market rates.

Fair values of our marketable investment securities are measured on a recurring basis based on a variety of observable market inputs. For our investments in publicly traded equity securities and U.S. government securities, fair value ordinarily is determined based on Level 1 measurements that reflect quoted prices for identical securities in active markets. Fair values of our investments in other marketable debt securities are generally based on Level 2 measurements as the markets for such debt securities are less active. We consider trades of identical debt securities on or near the measurement date as a strong indication of fair value and matrix pricing techniques that consider par value, coupon rate, credit quality, maturity and other relevant features may also be used to determine fair value of our investments in marketable debt securities. Additionally, we use fair value measurements from time to time in connection with other investments, asset impairment testing and the assignment of purchase consideration to assets and liabilities of acquired companies. Those fair value measurements typically include significant unobservable inputs and are categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy are considered to occur at the beginning of the quarterly accounting period. There were no transfers between levels during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. See Note 6 for the fair value of our marketable investment securities and derivative instruments.

Fair values for our publicly traded debt securities are based on quoted market prices, when available. The fair values of private debt are based on, among other things, available trade information, and/or an analysis in which we evaluate market conditions, related securities, various public and private offerings, and other publicly available information. In performing this analysis, we make various assumptions regarding, among other things, credit spreads, and the impact of these factors on the value of the debt securities. See Note 10 for the fair value of our long-term debt.

Convertible Long-Term Debt

Historically, for embedded conversion features, we valued and bifurcated the conversion option associated with convertible notes (the “equity component”) from the host debt instrument. The initial value of the equity component on the convertible notes was recorded in “Additional paid-in capital” within “Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets with the offset recorded as the debt discount. In accordance with ASU 2020-06 Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), which we adopted during the first quarter of 2021, the equity component related to our convertible notes of $1.051 billion has been reclassified from “Additional paid-in capital” within “Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)” to “Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current portion” and the associated deferred taxes of $246 million has been reclassified from “Additional paid-in capital” within “Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)” to “Deferred tax liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Deferred Debt Issuance Costs and Debt Discounts

Costs of issuing debt, including premiums and discounts relative to par value, are generally deferred and amortized to “Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) using the effective interest rate method over the terms of the respective notes. We report unamortized debt issuance costs as a reduction of the related long-term debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 10 for further information.

Revenue Recognition

Pay-TV Segment

Our Pay-TV segment revenue is primarily derived from Pay-TV subscriber revenue. We also generate revenue from equipment rental fees and other hardware related fees, including DVRs and fees from subscribers with multiple receivers; advertising services; fees earned from our in-home service operations; broadband services; warranty services; sales of digital receivers and related equipment to third-party pay-TV providers; satellite uplink and telemetry, tracking and control (“TT&C”) services; and revenue from in-home services. See Note 16 for further information, including revenue disaggregated by major source.

Our residential video subscribers contract for individual services or combinations of services, as discussed above, the majority of which are generally distinct and are accounted for as separate performance obligations. We consider our installations for first time DISH TV subscribers to be a service. However, since we provide a significant integration service combining the installation with programming services, we have concluded that the installation is not distinct from programming and thus the installation and programming services are accounted for as a single performance obligation. We generally satisfy these performance obligations and recognize revenue as the services are provided, for example as the programming is broadcast to subscribers, as this best represents the transfer of control of the services to the subscriber.

In cases where a subscriber is charged certain nonrefundable upfront fees, those fees are generally considered to be material rights to the subscriber related to the subscriber’s option to renew without having to pay an additional fee upon renewal. These fees are deferred and recognized over the estimated period of time during which the fee remains material to the customer, which we estimate to be less than one year. Revenues arising from our in-home services that are separate from the initial installation, such as mounting a TV on a subscriber’s wall, are generally recognized when these services are performed.

For our residential video subscribers, we have concluded that the contract term under Accounting Standard Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) is one month and as a result the revenue recognized for these subscribers for a given month is equal to the amount billed in that month, except for certain nonrefundable upfront fees that are accounted for as material rights, as discussed above.

Revenues from our advertising services are typically recognized as the advertisements are broadcast. Sales of equipment to subscribers or other third parties are recognized when control is transferred under the contract. Revenue from our commercial video subscribers typically follows the residential model described above, with the exception that the contract term for most of our commercial subscribers exceeds one month and can be multiple years in length. However, commercial subscribers typically do not receive time-limited discounts or free service periods and accordingly, while they may have multiple performance obligations, revenue is equal to the amount billed in a given month.

Retail Wireless Segment

Our Retail Wireless segment revenue is primarily derived from Wireless subscriber revenue and selling wireless devices to prepaid and postpaid subscribers. The majority of our subscribers are prepaid under the Boost Mobile and Gen Mobile brands with a smaller subset of postpaid subscribers serviced under Boost postpaid brand. Prepaid subscribers prepay for their monthly service on a month-to-month contract. Our contracts with prepaid customers are determined to be one month. Postpaid subscribers are qualified to pay for their service after it has been provided and pay for their monthly service on a month-to-month contract. Our contracts with postpaid customers typically have an enforceable duration of one month. However, promotional bill credits offered to a customer on an equipment sale that are paid over time and are contingent on the customer maintaining a service contract may result in an extended service contract based on whether a substantive penalty is deemed to exist.

We have both an indirect sales channel, which includes third-party owned retail stores and big box stores, as well as online through Amazon, and a direct sales channel, which services customers online through each respective brand’s website. To deliver products to third-party retail stores through the indirect sales channel, we use direct distribution partners to facilitate product delivery. Our contracts with customers may involve more than one performance obligation, which include wireless services, wireless devices or a combination thereof, and we allocate the transaction price between each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price. Although our Retail Wireless segment offers both products and services, we have determined that not all contracts with customers are bundled arrangements as the wireless device and service are sometimes sold at different times, and in the case of certain sales arrangements through the indirect sales channel, have different customers. When control of the product is transferred to an intermediary other than the end customer in the indirect channel, the customer for the wireless device is the intermediary, such as the direct distribution partner, whereas for the service the subscriber is the end consumer. When control of the product is not transferred to the intermediary, in the indirect channel the product is accounted for as consigned inventory and the customer for both the wireless device and service is the end customer. Service revenues may also include other value added services to subscribers, which may be recorded either gross or net within our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) depending on whether we are deemed to be the principal or agent in the relationship with the subscriber. Service revenues are recognized when the service has been provided and no further obligation exists. Concessions given to subscribers are recorded as a reduction to revenue.

Equipment revenues are primarily related to the sale of wireless devices. Equipment revenue is recognized when control of the product is transferred to our customer, either the direct distribution partner or the end customer, as described above. We offer postpaid customers the option to pay for devices in installments, generally over 36 months. We recognize the effects of a financing component as a reduction of the transaction price in contracts where customers purchase their devices with an installment term of more than one year, including those financing components that are not considered to be significant to the contract.

We have elected the practical expedient of not recognizing the effects of a significant financing component for contracts where we expect, at contract inception, that the period between the transfer of a performance obligation to a customer and the customer’s payment for that performance obligation will be one year or less. We may offer certain promotions that provide our customers on device installment plans with the right to upgrade to a new device after paying a specified portion of their device payment plan agreement amount and trading in their device in good working order. We account for this trade-in right as a guarantee obligation. The full amount of the trade-in right’s fair value is recognized as a guarantee liability and results in a reduction to the revenue recognized upon the sale of the device. The total transaction price is reduced by the guarantee, which is accounted for outside the scope of Topic 606, and the remaining transaction price is allocated between the performance obligations within the contract. Sales of equipment in the indirect sales channel often include credits subsequently paid to the direct distribution partner as a reimbursement for any discount promotions offered to the end consumer.

These credits (payments to a customer) are accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to recognize from the sales of equipment to indirect dealers and are estimated based on historical experience and other factors, such as expected promotional activity. For wireless devices sold with a right of return, we defer a portion of equipment revenue and cost of sales to reflect this variable consideration.

Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

Our broadband service contracts typically obligate us to provide substantially the same services on a recurring basis in exchange for fixed recurring fees over the term of the contract. We satisfy such performance obligations over time and recognize revenue ratably as services are rendered over the service period. Certain of our contracts with service obligations provide for fees based on usage, capacity or volume. We satisfy these performance obligations and recognize the related revenue at the point in time, or over the period, when the services are rendered. Our Broadband and Satellite Services segment also sells and leases communications equipment to its customers. Revenue from equipment sales generally is recognized based upon shipment terms. Our equipment sales contracts typically include standard product warranties, but generally do not provide for returns or refunds. Revenue for extended warranties is recognized ratably over the extended warranty period. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, we typically allocate the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation based on their relative standalone selling prices. When the standalone selling price is not observable, our primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the expected cost plus a margin. Our contracts generally require customer payments to be made at or shortly after the time we transfer control of goods or perform the services.

In addition to equipment and service offerings, our Broadband and Satellite Services segment also enters into long-term contracts to design, develop, construct and install complex telecommunication networks for mobile system operators and enterprise customers. Revenue from such contracts is generally recognized over time as a measure of progress that depicts the transfer of control of the goods or services to the customer. Depending on the nature of the arrangement, we measure progress toward contract completion using an appropriate input method or output method. Under the input method, we recognize the transaction price as revenue based on the ratio of costs incurred to estimated total costs at completion. Under the output method, revenue and cost of sales are recognized as products are delivered based on the expected profit for the entire agreement. Profit margins on long-term contracts generally are based on estimates of revenue and costs at completion. We review and revise our estimates periodically and recognize related adjustments in the period in which the revisions are made. Estimated losses on contracts are recorded in the period in which they are identified. We generally receive interim payments as work progresses, although for some contracts, we may be entitled to receive an advance payment.

We derive a portion of our revenues from contracts with customers for connectivity services. These contracts typically require advance or recurring monthly payments by the customer. Our obligation to provide connectivity services is satisfied over time as the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits provided. The measure of progress over time is generally based upon usage.

Generally, our satellite service contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation and, therefore, there is no need to allocate the transaction price. We transfer control and recognize revenue for satellite services at the point in time or over the period when the services are rendered.

Governmental Funding

We participate in various United States federal and state programs, including the Affordable Connectivity Program (“ACP”) under which eligible low-income households may receive a discount off the cost of broadband service and certain connected devices, and participating providers can receive a reimbursement for such discounts. This revenue is included in “Service and other revenue” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Corresponding receivables are recorded when services have been provided to the customers and costs incurred, but cash has not been received. These amounts are included in “Trade accounts receivable, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract Balances

The timing of revenue recognition generally differs from the timing of invoicing to customers. A contract asset is recorded when revenue is recognized in advance of our right to receive consideration (i.e., we must perform additional services in order to receive consideration). Amounts are recorded as trade accounts receivable when our right to consideration is unconditional. When consideration is received, or we have an unconditional right to consideration in advance of delivery of goods or services, a contract liability is recorded. The transaction price can include nonrefundable upfront fees, which are allocated to the identifiable performance obligations. Our residential video subscribers are typically billed monthly, and the contract balances for those customers arise from the timing of the monthly billing cycle. Our current Wireless subscribers, the majority of which are prepaid, generate deferred revenue. We do not adjust the amount of consideration for financing impacts when we anticipate that the period between transfer of goods and services and eventual payment for those goods and services will be less than one year. Contract assets are included in “Trade accounts receivable, net” and contract liabilities are included in “Deferred revenue and other” and “Long-term deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Contract balances are amortized over the contract term. See Note 17 for further information, including balance and activity detail about our allowance for credit losses and deferred revenue related to contracts with subscribers.

Assets Recognized Related to the Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer

We recognize an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if we expect the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year. We have determined that certain sales incentive programs in our Pay-TV, Broadband and Satellite Services, and Retail Wireless segments, including those with our independent third-party retailers, meet the requirements to be capitalized, and payments made under these programs are capitalized and amortized to expense over the estimated customer life or the contract term. These amounts are capitalized in “Other current assets” and “Other noncurrent assets, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and then amortized in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Leases

Lessee Accounting

We enter into non-cancelable operating and finance leases for, among other things, communication towers, satellites, satellite-related ground infrastructure, data centers, office space, dark fiber and transport equipment, warehouses and distribution centers, vehicles and other equipment. Substantially all of our leases have remaining lease terms from one to 13 years, some of which include renewal options, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within one year. For certain arrangements (generally communication towers), the lease term includes the non-cancelable period plus the renewal period that we are reasonably certain to exercise.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease and classify that lease as either an operating or finance lease at inception. Operating leases are included in “Operating lease assets,” “Other accrued expenses” and “Operating lease liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in “Property and equipment, net,” “Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations” and “Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current portion” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet and we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 9 for further information on our lease expenses.

Right of use (“ROU”) assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the present value of our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The operating lease ROU asset also includes the impact of prepaid or deferred lease payments. When our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our IBR based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our IBR is based on an estimated secured rate for the same term as the underlying lease plus a credit spread as secured by our assets. For leases denominated in a currency different than U.S. dollar, IBR is estimated using the collateralized borrowing rate in the foreign currency using the U.S. dollar and foreign currency swap spread, when available. The length of our lease term may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are generally accounted for separately. Our variable lease payments are immaterial and our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Lessor Accounting

DISH TV subscribers have the choice of leasing or purchasing the satellite receiver and other equipment necessary to receive our DISH TV services. Most of our new DISH TV subscribers choose to lease equipment and thus we retain title to such equipment. Equipment leased to new and existing DISH TV subscribers is capitalized and depreciated over their estimated useful lives.

For equipment leased to new and existing DISH TV subscribers, we made an accounting policy election to combine the equipment with our programming services as a single performance obligation in accordance with the revenue recognition guidance as the programming services are the predominant component. The non-lease service revenue related to equipment leased to new and existing DISH TV subscribers would have otherwise been accounted for as an operating lease.

We lease satellite capacity, communications equipment and real estate to certain of our customers. We identify and determine the classification of such leases as operating leases or sales-type leases. A lease is classified as a sales-type lease if it meets the criteria for a finance lease; otherwise it is classified as an operating lease. Some of our leases are embedded in contracts with customers that include non-lease performance obligations. For such contracts, except where we have elected otherwise, we allocate consideration in the contract between lease and non-lease components based on their relative standalone selling prices. We elected an accounting policy to not separate the lease of equipment from related services in our HughesNet satellite internet service (the “HughesNet service”) contracts with customers and account for all revenue from such contracts as non-lease service revenue. Assets subject to operating leases remain in “Property and equipment, net” and continue to be depreciated. Assets subject to sales-type leases are derecognized from “Property and equipment, net” at lease commencement and a net investment in the lease asset is recognized in “Trade accounts receivable, net” and “Other noncurrent assets, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Operating lease revenue is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Sales-type lease revenue and a corresponding receivable generally are recognized at lease commencement based on the present value of the future lease payments and related interest income on the receivable is recognized over the lease term. Payments under sales-type leases are discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or our incremental borrowing rate if the interest rate implicit in the lease cannot be reasonably determined. We report revenue and periodic interest income from sales-type leases at the commencement date in “Equipment sales and other revenue” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). We report operating lease revenue in “Service and other revenue” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Cost of Services

Pay-TV Segment

“Cost of services” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) principally includes programming expenses and other operating costs related to our Pay-TV segment. The cost of television programming distribution rights is generally incurred on a per subscriber basis and various upfront carriage payments are recognized when the related programming is distributed to subscribers. Long-term flat rate programming contracts are generally charged to expense using the straight-line method over the term of the agreement. The cost of television programming rights to distribute live sporting events for a season or tournament is charged to expense using the straight-line method over the course of the season or tournament.

Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

“Cost of services” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) principally consists of costs of satellite capacity and services, hub infrastructure, customer care, wireline and wireless capacity and direct labor costs associated with the services provided and is generally charged to expense as incurred.

Retail Wireless Segment

“Cost of services” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) principally includes and costs incurred under the MNSA and NSA. Costs incurred under the MNSA and NSA are recognized as the services are performed or as incurred.

Cost of Sales – Equipment and Other

Pay-TV Segment

“Cost of sales – equipment and other” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) principally includes costs related to the non-subsidized sales of Pay-TV equipment. Costs are generally recognized as products are delivered to customers and the related revenue is recognized.

Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

“Cost of sales – equipment and other” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) principally consists of inventory costs, including freight and royalties, and is generally recognized at the point in time control of the equipment is passed to the customer and related revenue is recognized.

Retail Wireless Segment

“Cost of sales – equipment and other” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) principally includes the cost of wireless devices and other related items, certain direct costs of wireless mobile network operations to deliver wireless voice and data services. Costs are generally recognized as products are delivered to customers and the related revenue is recognized.

5G Network Deployment Segment

“Cost of sales – equipment and other” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) principally includes the lease expense on communication towers and transport as well as cloud services. Lease costs are generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Costs related to cloud services are either recognized ratably over the contract term or based on usage.

Advertising Costs

We recognize advertising expense when incurred as a component of “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Advertising expenses totaled $868 million, $816 million and $725 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Research and Development

Research and development costs, not incurred in connection with customer requirements, are expensed as incurred and are included as a component of “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Additionally, customer-related research and development costs are incurred in connection with the specific requirements of a customer’s order; in such instances, the amounts for these customer funded development efforts are also included in “Cost of sales – equipment and other” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Research and development costs totaled $110 million, $110 million and $91 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency for certain of our foreign operations is determined to be the local currency. Accordingly, we translate assets and liabilities of these foreign entities from their local currencies to U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates and translate income and expense accounts at monthly average rates. The resulting translation adjustments are reported in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). Except in certain uncommon circumstances, we have not recorded deferred income taxes related to our foreign currency translation adjustments.

Gains and losses resulting from the re-measurement of transactions denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

New Accounting Pronouncements

Joint Ventures. On August 23, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-05, Business Combinations — Joint Venture Formations (Subtopic 805-60) (“ASU 2023-05”), which requires an entity that qualifies as either a joint venture or a corporate joint venture as defined in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) master glossary to apply a new basis of accounting upon the formation of the joint venture. This standard will be effective for all joint venture formations with a formation date on or after January 1, 2025. A joint venture that was formed before January 1, 2025 may elect to apply the amendments retrospectively if it has sufficient information. Early adoption is permitted in any interim or annual period in which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. We are evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-05 will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Segment Reporting. On November 27, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reporting Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which will enhance financial reporting by providing additional information about a public company’s significant segment expenses and more timely and detailed segment information reporting throughout the fiscal period. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-07 will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Income Taxes. On December 14, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-9, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which will enhance income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires among other items disaggregated information in a reporting entity’s rate reconciliation table, clarification on uncertain tax positions and the related financial statement impact as well as information on income taxes paid on a disaggregated basis. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted.

We are evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Commitments and Contingencies - Part 2 (Details) $ in Millions		12 Months Ended	72 Months Ended	192 Months Ended
	Aug. 18, 2015 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Spectrum Investments
Payment to customer				$ 30,000
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Noncontrolling Interest in Variable Interest Entity		$ 10,000	$ 10,000	10,000
5G Network Development
Spectrum Investments
Payment to customer			30,000
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Noncontrolling Interest in Variable Interest Entity		10,000	10,000	10,000
Wireless
Spectrum Investments
Payment to customer		30,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Noncontrolling Interest in Variable Interest Entity		$ 10,000	$ 10,000	$ 10,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco \| AWS-3 Licenses
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Percentage of bidding credit		25.00%
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| Northstar Manager LLC
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Controlling interest owned by other companies		15.00%
Equity contribution					$ 133
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| American II.
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Equity contribution					7,621
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| Northstar Licenses
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Gross winning bids		$ 5,619
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| AWS-3 Licenses
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Gross winning bids		$ 7,845
Percentage of bidding credit		25.00%
Net winning bid		$ 5,884
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| SNR Licenses
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Percentage of bidding credit	25.00%
Bidding credit value	$ 1,961
SNR \| SNR Wireless Management LLC
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Controlling interest owned by other companies		15.00%
Equity contribution					93
SNR \| American III
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Equity contribution					$ 5,590
Gross winning bids		$ 4,271
SNR \| AWS-3 Licenses
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Gross winning bids		$ 5,482
SNR \| SNR Licenses
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Percentage of bidding credit		25.00%
Net winning bid		$ 4,112
Bid withdrawal payment		$ 8
Bidding credit value	$ 1,370
Prior Arrangement \| Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Number of licenses returned \| item		84
Prior Arrangement \| SNR \| SNR Licenses
Commitments relating to AWS-3 Auction
Number of licenses returned \| item		113

Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows

Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows

4.Supplemental Data - Statements of Cash Flows

The following table presents certain supplemental cash flow and other non-cash data. See Note 9 for supplemental cash flow and non-cash data related to leases.


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Cash paid for interest (including capitalized interest)	$	1,400,524	$	1,144,915	$	906,925
Cash received for interest		163,729		30,264		11,888
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds		15,634		98,930		98,456
Capitalized interest (1)		1,335,129		1,084,880		858,605
Employee benefits paid in Class A common stock		20,101		33,389		37,446
Convertible debt reclassified per ASU 2020-06		—		—		1,051,344
Deferred taxes reclassified per ASU 2020-06		—		—		245,778
Vendor financing		87,343		108,048		26,627
FCC licenses reclassification		—		122,657		915,449
Accrued capital expenditures		238,231		403,134		463,092
Asset retirement obligation		74,189		122,390		50,765
Revaluation of contingent liabilities		—		47,916		—
Non-cash net assets received as part of the India JV formation		—		36,701		—

(1)	See Note 2 for further information.

Segment Reporting - Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting
Total long-lived assets	$ 51,200,262	$ 48,124,395
North America
Segment Reporting
Total long-lived assets	50,965,318	47,829,433
Foreign
Segment Reporting
Total long-lived assets	$ 234,944	$ 294,962

Segment Reporting - Total Assets by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting
Total assets	$ 57,108,894	$ 58,748,281
Operating segment \| Pay-TV
Segment Reporting
Total assets	49,437,958	46,295,495
Operating segment \| Retail Wireless
Segment Reporting
Total assets	777,957	2,798,561
Operating segment \| 5G Network Deployment
Segment Reporting
Total assets	46,793,378	43,462,442
Operating segment \| Broadband and Satellite Services
Segment Reporting
Total assets	5,811,553	6,254,050
Eliminations \| Eliminations
Segment Reporting
Total assets	$ (45,711,952)	$ (40,062,267)

- Definition

Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.

+ References

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+ Details

Acquisitions and Deconsolidations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Acquisitions and Deconsolidations

Acquisitions and Deconsolidations

19.Acquisitions and Deconsolidations

India Joint Venture

In May 2019, we entered into an agreement with Bharti Airtel Limited (“BAL”) and its subsidiary, Bharti Airtel Services Limited (together with BAL, “Bharti”), pursuant to which Bharti agreed to contribute its very small aperture terminal (“VSAT”) telecommunications services and hardware business in India to Hughes Communications India Private Limited (“HCIPL”) and its subsidiaries, our less than wholly owned Indian subsidiaries, that conduct our VSAT services and hardware business in India. On January 4, 2022, this joint venture was formed (the “India JV”) and subsequent to the formation of the India JV, we hold a 67% ownership interest and Bharti holds a 33% ownership interest in HCIPL. The results of operations related to the India JV have been included in these Consolidated Financial Statements from the date of formation. The costs associated with the closing of the India JV were not material and were expensed as incurred. The fair value of the consideration has been assigned to customer relationship intangibles and goodwill that are recorded in “Intangible assets, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Hughes Systique Corporation

We contract with Hughes Systique Corporation (“Hughes Systique”) for software development services. In addition to our approximately 42% ownership in Hughes Systique, Mr. Pradman Kaul, the former President of our subsidiary Hughes Communications and former Vice-Chair of our Board of Directors (effective January 1, 2023), and his brother, who is the Chief Executive Officer and President of Hughes Systique, own in the aggregate approximately 25%, on an undiluted basis, of Hughes Systique’s outstanding shares as of December 31, 2023. Furthermore, Mr. Pradman Kaul serves on the board of directors of Hughes Systique. Historically, Hughes Systique was considered a variable interest entity and we were considered the primary beneficiary of Hughes Systique due to, among other factors, our ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of Hughes Systique. As a result, we consolidated Hughes Systique’s financial statements in these Consolidated Financial Statements. Upon the consummation of the Merger, Mr. Pradman Kaul will no longer remain on our Board of Directors which was a reconsideration event. Based on the entity’s ability to now fund itself, among other things, we determined that Hughes Systique is no longer a variable interest entity. As a result, we have deconsolidated the Hughes Systique results from our Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2023 and recorded the investment as a cost method investment in “Other investments, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. No gain or loss was recognized upon deconsolidation as the fair value of our investment in Hughes Systique approximated its carrying value. We determined the fair value of our investment in Hughes Systique based on the market approach using the guideline public company method.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Schedule of tax effect on each component of other comprehensive income (loss)


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023						2022						2021
	Before		Tax		Net		Before		Tax		Net		Before		Tax		Net
	Tax		(Expense)		of Tax		Tax		(Expense)		of Tax		Tax		(Expense)		of Tax
	Amount		Benefit		Amount		Amount		Benefit		Amount		Amount		Benefit		Amount

	(In thousands)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	15,479	$	(503)	$	14,976	$	33,742	$	710	$	34,452	$	(17,885)	$	(482)	$	(18,367)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities		(306)		65		(241)		536		(1,071)		(535)		(694)		998		304
Recognition of previously unrealized (gains) losses on available-for-sale securities included in net income (loss)		550		(74)		476		(25)		2		(23)		(25)		3		(22)
Other		—		—		—		2,660		—		2,660		(5,005)		—		(5,005)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	15,723	$	(512)	$	15,211	$	36,913	$	(359)	$	36,554	$	(23,609)	$	519	$	(23,090)

Schedule of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)


		Foreign		Unrealized/
		Currency		Recognized
		Translation		Gains
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Adjustment		(Losses)	Other		Total

	(In thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	(209,499)	$	436	$	(2,758)	$	(211,821)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		34,452		—		—		34,452
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification		—		(535)		2,660		2,125
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		—		(23)		—		(23)
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(175,047)	$	(122)	$	(98)	$	(175,267)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		14,878		—		98		14,976
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification		—		(241)		—		(241)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		—		476		—		476
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	(160,169)	$	113	$	—	$	(160,056)

Segment Reporting - Revenue and Operating Income by Segment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting
Total revenue	$ 4,162,596	$ 4,108,874	$ 4,356,462	$ 4,387,666	$ 4,533,017	$ 4,581,914	$ 4,698,483	$ 4,820,832	$ 17,015,598	$ 18,634,246	$ 19,818,678
Depreciation and amortization									1,597,923	1,174,895	1,213,946
Operating income (loss)	(852,126)	(31,349)	252,228	353,338	427,514	472,349	738,535	594,440	(277,909)	2,232,838	3,422,404
Interest income									207,374	93,240	33,903
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized									(90,357)	(79,217)	(111,151)
Other, net (Note 6)									(1,770,792)	1,088,441	4,716
Income tax (provision) benefit, net									296,860	(798,410)	(828,437)
Net income (loss)	$ (2,021,624)	$ (118,737)	$ 232,692	$ 272,845	$ 1,001,446	$ 448,110	$ 550,094	$ 537,242	(1,634,824)	2,536,892	2,521,435
Pay-TV
Segment Reporting
Total revenue									11,571,159	12,505,392	12,928,707
Depreciation and amortization									381,292	428,471	538,836
Operating income (loss)									2,699,810	2,933,898	3,075,579
Interest income									2,604,599	1,872,645	1,346,502
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized									(1,290,099)	(1,036,829)	(819,510)
Other, net (Note 6)									74,114	1,264	(2,917)
Income tax (provision) benefit, net									(578,739)	(911,955)	(853,363)
Net income (loss)									3,509,685	2,859,023	2,746,291
Retail Wireless
Segment Reporting
Total revenue									3,692,372	4,135,129	4,897,205
Depreciation and amortization									221,968	177,914	176,833
Operating income (loss)									(643,184)	(77,264)	343,785
Interest income									27	5	6
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized									(64,565)	(49,123)	(1,309)
Other, net (Note 6)									(1,793,387)	1,012,147	26,695
Income tax (provision) benefit, net									201,091	(219,720)	(95,982)
Net income (loss)									(2,300,018)	666,045	273,195
5G Network Deployment
Segment Reporting
Total revenue									91,928	65,768	73,889
Depreciation and amortization									620,685	131,566	23,005
Operating income (loss)									(1,881,369)	(810,968)	(216,330)
Interest income									3,041
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized									(1,186,468)	(766,703)	(530,525)
Other, net (Note 6)									(22,603)	25,571	(3,221)
Income tax (provision) benefit, net									749,311	399,939	186,534
Net income (loss)									(2,338,088)	(1,152,161)	(563,542)
Broadband and Satellite Services
Segment Reporting
Total revenue									1,755,559	1,998,093	1,985,720
Depreciation and amortization									419,262	462,748	496,361
Operating income (loss)									(458,609)	181,615	209,042
Interest income									105,730	50,900	22,801
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized									(55,670)	(57,169)	(95,512)
Other, net (Note 6)									(29,287)	49,846	(15,951)
Income tax (provision) benefit, net									(74,803)	(66,674)	(65,626)
Net income (loss)									(512,639)	158,518	54,754
All Other & Eliminations
Segment Reporting
Total revenue									(95,420)	(70,136)	(66,843)
Depreciation and amortization									(45,284)	(25,804)	(21,089)
Operating income (loss)									5,443	5,557	10,328
Interest income									(2,506,023)	(1,830,310)	(1,335,406)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized									2,506,445	1,830,607	1,335,705
Other, net (Note 6)									371	(387)	110
Net income (loss)									$ 6,236	$ 5,467	$ 10,737

Acquisitions and Deconsolidations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Jan. 04, 2022
Bharti \| India JV
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Ownership percentage owned by noncontrolling owners		33.00%
Hughes Systique Corporation
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Ownership percentage	42.00%
Ownership interest percentage by related party	25.00%
Deconsolidation amount	$ 0
India JV
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Ownership interest		67.00%

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations - Fair Value of Long-Term Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Nov. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Jan. 26, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Nov. 15, 2022	Nov. 26, 2021	May 24, 2021	Dec. 21, 2020	Jul. 01, 2020	Mar. 17, 2017	Aug. 08, 2016	Jul. 27, 2016	Jun. 13, 2016	Nov. 20, 2014
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 22,709,868				$ 22,881,688
Fair Value	17,843,562				18,752,159
Unamortized deferred financing costs and other debt discounts, net	(69,606)				(108,921)
Finance lease obligations (7)	123,658				123,353
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations (including current portion)	$ 22,763,920				22,896,120
Interest rate (as a percent)	0.25%
Outstanding debt		$ 1,980,000	$ 951,000
5% Senior Notes due 2023 \| DDBS
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value					1,443,179
Fair Value					1,441,635
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.00%
2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 \| DISH Network L.L.C.
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 951,168				1,000,000
Fair Value	$ 944,034				$ 906,970
Interest rate (as a percent)	2.375%				2.375%
Aggregate principal amount											$ 1,000,000
Debt instrument for repurchased amount	$ 49,000
Outstanding debt	951,000
5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 \| DDBS
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	1,982,544				$ 2,000,000
Fair Value	$ 1,872,275				$ 1,870,940
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.875%				5.875%
Aggregate principal amount															$ 2,000,000
Debt instrument for repurchased amount	$ 17,000
Outstanding debt	1,983,000
0% Convertible Notes due 2025 \| DISH Network L.L.C.
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	1,957,197				$ 2,000,000
Fair Value	$ 1,228,141				1,287,540
Interest rate (as a percent)	0.00%
Aggregate principal amount									$ 2,000,000
Debt instrument for repurchased amount	$ 43,000
Outstanding debt	1,957,000
7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026 \| DDBS
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	2,000,000				2,000,000
Fair Value	$ 1,388,060				$ 1,620,280
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.75%				7.75%
Aggregate principal amount														$ 2,000,000
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount							$ 2,750,000
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 \| DDBS
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 2,750,000				$ 2,750,000
Fair Value	$ 2,366,073				$ 2,336,813
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.25%				5.25%
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 \| HSSC
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 750,000				$ 750,000
Fair Value	$ 665,678				$ 727,763
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.25%				5.25%
Aggregate principal amount													$ 750,000
6 5/8% Senior Notes due 2026 \| HSSC
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 750,000				$ 750,000
Fair Value	$ 591,525				$ 707,490
Interest rate (as a percent)	6.625%				6.625%
Aggregate principal amount													$ 750,000
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| DISH Network L.L.C.
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 2,908,801				$ 3,000,000
Fair Value	$ 1,570,753				$ 1,894,230
Interest rate (as a percent)	3.375%				3.375%
Aggregate principal amount												$ 3,000,000
Debt instrument for repurchased amount	$ 91,000
Outstanding debt	2,909,000
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount				$ 1,500,000		$ 2,000,000
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 \| DISH Network L.L.C.
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	3,500,000				$ 2,000,000
Fair Value	$ 3,668,980				$ 2,071,240
Interest rate (as a percent)	11.75%				11.75%
Aggregate principal amount	$ 1,500,000
7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028 \| DDBS
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	1,000,000				$ 1,000,000
Fair Value	$ 600,160				$ 708,320
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.375%				7.375%
Aggregate principal amount										$ 1,000,000
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount							$ 2,500,000
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 \| DDBS
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 2,500,000				$ 2,500,000
Fair Value	$ 2,013,125				$ 2,013,675
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.75%				5.75%
5 1/8 % Senior Notes due 2029 \| DDBS
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 1,500,000				$ 1,500,000
Fair Value	$ 774,600				$ 976,755
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.125%				5.125%
Aggregate principal amount								$ 1,500,000
Other notes payable
Debt Instrument
Carrying Value	$ 160,158				$ 188,509
Fair Value	$ 160,158				$ 188,509

Stock-Based Compensation - Long-Term Performance-Based Plans - Additional (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized	$ 51,514	$ 82,994	$ 59,379
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Performance Based Stock Options (in shares)	4,631,083
Weighted-Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 84.20
Continuing operations
Recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized	$ 18,213	35,801	30,425
LTIP 2013
Recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized			(13,610)
LTIP 2017
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Performance Based Stock Options (in shares)	471,727
Weighted-Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 164.20
LTIP 2019
Recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized	$ (1,903)	(97)	489
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Performance Based Stock Options (in shares)	248,758
Weighted-Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 60.04
Ergen 2020 Performance Award.
Recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized	$ 12,308	12,308	34,513
Estimated Remaining Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Expense estimated to be recognized during 2024	10,816
Estimated contingent expense subsequent to 2024	16,913
Total estimated remaining expense over the term of plan	$ 27,729
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Performance Based Stock Options (in shares)	3,508,770
Weighted-Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 78.98
2022 Incentive Plan
Recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized	$ 7,346	19,088
Estimated Remaining Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Expense estimated to be recognized during 2024	2,119
Estimated contingent expense subsequent to 2024	1,114
Total estimated remaining expense over the term of plan	$ 3,233
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Performance Based Stock Options (in shares)	401,828
Weighted-Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 50.78
Class A common stock
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Performance Based Stock Options (in shares)	16,100,000
Other Employee Performance Awards
Recognized non-cash stock-based compensation expense
Non-cash stock-based compensation expense recognized	$ 462	$ 4,502	$ 9,033
Restricted stock units
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Performance Based Stock Options (in shares)	49,000
Restricted Performance Units (in shares)	48,645	802,804

Segment Reporting (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Segment Reporting

Schedule of total assets, revenue and operating income, and purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds by segment


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Total assets:
Pay-TV	$	49,437,958	$	46,295,495
Retail Wireless		777,957		2,798,561
5G Network Deployment (1)		46,793,378		43,462,442
Broadband and Satellite Services		5,811,553		6,254,050
Eliminations (1)		(45,711,952)		(40,062,267)
Total assets	$	57,108,894	$	58,748,281

(1)	The increase primarily resulted from intercompany advances for capital expenditures related to our 5G Network Deployment.



					5G Network		Broadband and		All Other &		Consolidated
	Pay-TV		Retail Wireless		Deployment		Satellite Services		Eliminations		Total

	(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Total revenue	$	11,571,159		3,692,372	$	91,928	$	1,755,559	$	(95,420)	$	17,015,598
Depreciation and amortization		381,292		221,968		620,685		419,262		(45,284)		1,597,923
Operating income (loss)		2,699,810		(643,184)		(1,881,369)		(458,609)		5,443		(277,909)
Interest income		2,604,599		27		3,041		105,730		(2,506,023)		207,374
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized		(1,290,099)		(64,565)		(1,186,468)		(55,670)		2,506,445		(90,357)
Other, net		74,114		(1,793,387)		(22,603)		(29,287)		371		(1,770,792)
Income tax (provision) benefit, net		(578,739)		201,091		749,311		(74,803)		—		296,860
Net income (loss)		3,509,685		(2,300,018)		(2,338,088)		(512,639)		6,236		(1,634,824)

Year Ended December 31, 2022
Total revenue	$	12,505,392	$	4,135,129	$	65,768	$	1,998,093	$	(70,136)	$	18,634,246
Depreciation and amortization		428,471		177,914		131,566		462,748		(25,804)		1,174,895
Operating income (loss)		2,933,898		(77,264)		(810,968)		181,615		5,557		2,232,838
Interest income		1,872,645		5		—		50,900		(1,830,310)		93,240
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized		(1,036,829)		(49,123)		(766,703)		(57,169)		1,830,607		(79,217)
Other, net		1,264		1,012,147		25,571		49,846		(387)		1,088,441
Income tax (provision) benefit, net		(911,955)		(219,720)		399,939		(66,674)		—		(798,410)
Net income (loss)		2,859,023		666,045		(1,152,161)		158,518		5,467		2,536,892

Year Ended December 31, 2021
Total revenue	$	12,928,707	$	4,897,205	$	73,889	$	1,985,720	$	(66,843)	$	19,818,678
Depreciation and amortization		538,836		176,833		23,005		496,361		(21,089)		1,213,946
Operating income (loss)		3,075,579		343,785		(216,330)		209,042		10,328		3,422,404
Interest income		1,346,502		6		—		22,801		(1,335,406)		33,903
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized		(819,510)		(1,309)		(530,525)		(95,512)		1,335,705		(111,151)
Other, net		(2,917)		26,695		(3,221)		(15,951)		110		4,716
Income tax (provision) benefit, net		(853,363)		(95,982)		186,534		(65,626)		—		(828,437)
Net income (loss)		2,746,291		273,195		(563,542)		54,754		10,737		2,521,435


							Broadband
					5G Network		and Satellite
	Pay-TV		Retail Wireless		Deployment		Services		Eliminations		Total

	(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$	242,736	$	—	$	3,748,624	$	233,423	$	—	$	4,224,783

Year Ended December 31, 2022
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$	131,093	$	—	$	3,580,518	$	325,891	$	(2,721)	$	4,034,781

Year Ended December 31, 2021
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$	173,485	$	—	$	1,790,042	$	438,430	$	(4,760)	$	2,397,197

Schedule of revenue by geographical region


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Revenue:	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
North America	$	16,670,377	$	18,244,417	$	19,479,649
Foreign		345,221		389,829		339,029
Total revenue	$	17,015,598	$	18,634,246	$	19,818,678

Schedule of long-lived assets by geographic region and revenue from external customers disaggregated by major revenue source


	As of December 31,
Long-lived assets:	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
North America	$	50,965,318	$	47,829,433
Foreign		234,944		294,962
Total long-lived assets	$	51,200,262	$	48,124,395


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Category:	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Pay-TV subscriber and related revenue	$	11,385,961	$	12,360,601	$	12,787,485
Retail wireless services and related revenue		3,337,240		3,653,909		4,142,883
Broadband and satellite services and other revenue		1,443,616		1,611,069		1,702,288
Pay-TV equipment sales and other revenue		185,198		144,791		141,222
Retail wireless equipment sales and other revenue		355,132		481,220		754,322
5G network deployment equipment sales and other revenue		91,928		65,768		73,889
Broadband equipment and other revenue		311,943		387,024		283,432
Eliminations		(95,420)		(70,136)		(66,843)
Total	$	17,015,598	$	18,634,246	$	19,818,678

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations

10.Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations

Fair Value of our Long-Term Debt

The following table summarizes the carrying amount and fair value of our debt facilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:


		As of
		December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Issuer	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value

		(In thousands)
5% Senior Notes due 2023 (1)	DDBS	$	—	$	—	$	1,443,179	$	1,441,635
2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 (2)	DISH		951,168		944,034		1,000,000		906,970
5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 (3)	DDBS		1,982,544		1,872,275		2,000,000		1,870,940
0% Convertible Notes due 2025 (4)	DISH		1,957,197		1,228,141		2,000,000		1,287,540
7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026	DDBS		2,000,000		1,388,060		2,000,000		1,620,280
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	HSSC		750,000		665,678		750,000		727,763
6 5/8% Senior Notes due 2026	HSSC		750,000		591,525		750,000		707,490
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 (5)	DISH		2,908,801		1,570,753		3,000,000		1,894,230
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	DDBS		2,750,000		2,366,073		2,750,000		2,336,813
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 (6)	DISH		3,500,000		3,668,980		2,000,000		2,071,240
7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028	DDBS		1,000,000		600,160		1,000,000		708,320
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028	DDBS		2,500,000		2,013,125		2,500,000		2,013,675
5 1/8% Senior Notes due 2029	DDBS		1,500,000		774,600		1,500,000		976,755
Other notes payable			160,158		160,158		188,509		188,509
Subtotal			22,709,868	$	17,843,562		22,881,688	$	18,752,159
Unamortized deferred financing costs and other debt discounts, net			(69,606)				(108,921)
Finance lease obligations (7)			123,658				123,353
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations (including current portion)		$	22,763,920			$	22,896,120

(1)	We had repurchased or redeemed the principal balance of our 5% Senior Notes due 2023 as of March 15, 2023, the instrument’s maturity date.

(2)

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately $49 million of our 2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 in open market trades. The remaining balance of approximately $951 million matures on March 15, 2024 and is included in “Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023.

(3)

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately $17 million of our 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 in open market trades. The remaining balance of approximately $1.983 billion matures on November 15, 2024 and is included in “Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023.

(4)	During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately $43 million of our 0% Convertible Notes due 2025 in open market trades. The remaining balance of approximately $1.957 billion matures on December 15, 2025.

(5)	During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately $91 million of our 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 in open market trades. The remaining balance of approximately $2.909 billion matures on August 15, 2026.

(6)	On January 26, 2023, we issued an additional $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount of our 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027.

(7)	Disclosure regarding fair value of finance leases is not required.

We estimated the fair value of our publicly traded long-term debt using market prices in less active markets (Level 2).

DISH DBS Unsecured Senior Notes

Our Senior Notes are:

●

general unsecured senior obligations of DISH DBS Corporation (“DISH DBS”);

●

ranked equally in right of payment with all of DISH DBS’ and the guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt; and

●

ranked effectively junior to our and the guarantors’ current and future secured senior indebtedness up to the value of the collateral securing such indebtedness.

The indentures related to our Senior Notes contain restrictive covenants that, among other things, impose limitations on the ability of DISH DBS and its restricted subsidiaries to:

●

incur additional debt;

●

pay dividends or make distributions on DISH DBS’ capital stock or repurchase DISH DBS’ capital stock;

●

make certain investments;

●

create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions;

●

enter into transactions with affiliates;

●

merge or consolidate with another company; and

●

transfer or sell assets.

In the event of a change of control, as defined in the related indentures, we would be required to make an offer to repurchase all or any part of a holder’s Senior Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, to the date of repurchase.

5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024

On November 20, 2014, we issued $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of our ten-year 5 7/8% Senior Notes due November 15, 2024. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 5 7/8% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year.

The 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, as defined in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest.

7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026

On June 13, 2016, we issued $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of our ten-year 7 3/4% Senior Notes due July 1, 2026. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 7 3/4% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on January 1 and July 1 of each year.

The 7 3/4% Senior Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, as defined in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest.

7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028

On July 1, 2020, we issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of our 7 3/8% Senior Notes due July 1, 2028. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 7 3/8% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on January 1 and July 1 of each year.

The 7 3/8% Senior Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time prior to July 1, 2023 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, as defined in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest. On or after July 1, 2023, we may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, at any time at the redemption prices specified under the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest.

Prior to July 1, 2023, we may also redeem up to 35% of the 7 3/8% Senior Notes at a specified premium with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings or capital contributions.

5 1/8% Senior Notes due 2029

On May 24, 2021, we issued $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount of our 5 1/8% Senior Notes due June 1, 2029. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 5 1/8% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year.

The 5 1/8% Senior Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, as defined in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest. Prior to June 1, 2024, we may also redeem up to 35% of the 5 1/8% Senior Notes at a specified premium with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings or capital contributions.

HSSC Unsecured Senior Notes

6 5/8% Unsecured Senior Notes due 2026

On July 27, 2016, our subsidiary Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation (“HSSC”) issued $750 million aggregate principal amount of 6 5/8% Senior Unsecured Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Senior Unsecured Notes”) at an issue price of 100.0%, pursuant to an indenture dated July 27, 2016 (together with the 2016 Secured Indenture, the “Indentures”). The 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes mature on August 1, 2026. Interest on the 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes accrues at an annual rate of 6 5/8% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears, on February 1 and August 1 of each year.

Our Senior Notes due 2026 are:

●

unsecured senior obligations of HSSC;

●

ranked equally with all existing and future unsubordinated indebtedness and effectively junior to any secured indebtedness up to the value of the assets securing such indebtedness;

●

effectively junior to HSSC’s obligations that are secured to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such obligations;

●

senior in right of payment to all existing and future obligations of HSSC that are expressly subordinated to the 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes;

●

structurally junior to any existing and future obligations of any of HSSC’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes; and

●

unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a general senior secured basis by certain of HSSC’s subsidiaries, which guarantees rank equally with all of the guarantors’ existing and future unsubordinated indebtedness, and effectively junior to any secured indebtedness of the guarantors up to the value of the assets securing such indebtedness.

Subject to certain exceptions, the Indentures contain restrictive covenants that, among other things, impose limitations on HSSC’s ability and, in certain instances, the ability of certain of HSSC’s subsidiaries to:

●

incur additional debt;

●

pay dividends or make distributions on HSSC’s or their capital stock or repurchase HSSC’s or their capital stock;

●

make certain investments;

●

create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions;

●

enter into transactions with affiliates;

●

merge or consolidate with another company;

●

transfer and sell assets; and

●

allow to exist certain restrictions on its or their ability to pay dividends, make distributions, make other payments, or transfer assets.

In the event of a Change of Control, as defined in the respective Indentures, HSSC would be required to make an offer to repurchase all or any part of a holder’s 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes at a purchase price equal to 101.0% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest to the date of repurchase.

The Indentures provide for customary events of default for each series of the 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes, including, among other things, non-payment, breach of the covenants in the applicable Indentures, payment defaults or acceleration of other indebtedness, a failure to pay certain judgments and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization. If any event of default occurs and is continuing with respect to any series of the 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes, the trustee or the holders of at least 25.0% in principal amount of the then outstanding 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes of such series may declare all the 2026 Senior Unsecured Notes of such series to be due and payable immediately, together with any accrued and unpaid interest.

Convertible Notes

Merger with DISH Network

In connection with the completion of the Merger, on December 31, 2023, at the Effective Time, the right of the holders of the Convertible Notes that were outstanding as of the completion of the Merger to convert each $1,000 principal amount of such Convertible Notes into shares of DISH Class A Common Stock was changed into a right to convert such principal amount of Convertible Notes into the number of shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock that a holder of a number of shares of DISH Class A Common Stock equal to the applicable initial conversion rate (as defined in the applicable Indenture) would have been entitled to receive upon the completion of the Merger. Upon the completion of the Merger, each then-outstanding share of DISH Class A Common Stock was converted into the right to receive 0.350877 shares of EchoStar Common Stock, resulting in an adjusted initial conversion rate of 4.2677 for the 2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024, 8.5657 for the 0% Convertible Notes due 2025 and 5.3835 for the 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 for each $1,000 principal amount. All amounts below represent the adjusted conversion rate.

2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024

On March 17, 2017, we issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes due March 15, 2024 in a private placement. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 2 3/8% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year.

The Convertible Notes due 2024 are:

●

our general unsecured obligations;

●

ranked senior in right of payment to any future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes due 2024;

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ranked equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured senior indebtedness;

●

ranked effectively junior to any of our existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness;

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ranked structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries; and

●

not guaranteed by our subsidiaries.

We may not redeem the Convertible Notes due 2024 prior to the maturity date. If a “fundamental change” (as defined in the related indenture) occurs prior to the maturity date of the Convertible Notes due 2024, holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or part of their Convertible Notes due 2024 at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such Convertible Notes due 2024, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the fundamental change repurchase date.

The indenture related to the Convertible Notes due 2024 does not contain any financial covenants and does not restrict us from paying dividends, issuing or repurchasing our other securities, issuing new debt (including secured debt) or repaying or repurchasing our debt.

Subject to the terms of the related indenture, the Convertible Notes due 2024 may be converted at an initial conversion rate of 4.268 shares of our Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes due 2024 (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $234.33 per share of our Class A common stock) (the “Initial Conversion Rate”), at any time on or after October 15, 2023 through the second scheduled trading day preceding the maturity date. Holders of the Convertible Notes due 2024 will also have the right to convert the Convertible Notes due 2024 at the Initial Conversion Rate prior to October 15, 2023, but only upon the occurrence of specified events described in the related indenture. The conversion rate is subject to anti-dilution adjustments if certain events occur. Upon any conversion, we will settle our conversion obligation in cash, shares of our Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our Class A common stock, at our election.

0% Convertible Notes due 2025

On December 21, 2020, we issued $2.0 billion aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes due December 15, 2025 in a private placement. These notes will not bear interest, and the principal amount of the Notes will not accrete.

The Convertible Notes due 2025 are:

●

our general unsecured obligations;

●

ranked senior in right of payment to any future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes due 2025;

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ranked equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured senior indebtedness;

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ranked effectively junior to any of our existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness;

●

ranked structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries; and

●

not guaranteed by our subsidiaries.

We may not redeem the Convertible Notes due 2025 prior to the maturity date. If a “fundamental change” (as defined in the related indenture) occurs prior to the maturity date of the Convertible Notes due 2025, holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or part of their Convertible Notes due 2025 at a repurchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such Convertible Notes due 2025, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the fundamental change repurchase date.

The indenture related to the Convertible Notes due 2025 does not contain any financial covenants and does not restrict us from paying dividends, issuing or repurchasing our other securities, issuing new debt (including secured debt) or repaying or repurchasing our debt.

Subject to the terms of the related indenture, the Convertible Notes due 2025 may be converted at an initial conversion rate of 8.566 shares of our Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes due 2025 (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $116.74 per share of our Class A common stock) (the “Initial Conversion Rate”), at any time on or after July 15, 2025 through the second scheduled trading day preceding the maturity date. Holders of the Convertible Notes due 2025 will also have the right to convert the Convertible Notes due 2025 at the Initial Conversion Rate prior to July 15, 2025, but only upon the occurrence of specified events described in the related indenture. The conversion rate is subject to anti-dilution adjustments if certain events occur. Upon any conversion, we will settle our conversion obligation in cash, shares of our Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our Class A common stock, at our election.

3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026

On August 8, 2016, we issued $3.0 billion aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes due August 15, 2026 in a private offering. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 3 3/8% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year.

The Convertible Notes due 2026 are:

●

our general unsecured obligations;

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ranked senior in right of payment to any future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes due 2026;

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ranked equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured senior indebtedness;

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ranked effectively junior to any of our existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness;

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ranked structurally junior to all indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries; and

●

not guaranteed by our subsidiaries.

We may not redeem the Convertible Notes due 2026 prior to the maturity date. If a “fundamental change” (as defined in the related indenture) occurs prior to the maturity date of the Convertible Notes due 2026, holders may require us to repurchase for cash all or part of their Convertible Notes due 2026 at a specified make-whole price equal to 100% of the principal amount of such Convertible Notes due 2026, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the fundamental change repurchase date.

The indenture related to the Convertible Notes due 2026 does not contain any financial covenants and does not restrict us from paying dividends, issuing or repurchasing our other securities, issuing new debt (including secured debt) or repaying or repurchasing our debt.

Subject to the terms of the related indenture, the Convertible Notes due 2026 may be converted at an initial conversion rate of 5.383 shares of our Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes due 2026 (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $185.76 per share of our Class A common stock) (the “Initial Conversion Rate”), at any time on or after March 15, 2026 through the second scheduled trading day preceding the maturity date. Holders of the Convertible Notes due 2026 will also have the right to convert the Convertible Notes due 2026 at the Initial Conversion Rate prior to March 15, 2026, but only upon the occurrence of specified events described in the related indenture. The conversion rate is subject to anti-dilution adjustments if certain events occur. Upon any conversion, we will settle our conversion obligation in cash, shares of our Class A common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our Class A common stock, at our election.

Convertible Note Hedge and Warrant Transactions

Merger with DISH Network. In connection with the completion of the Merger, on December 31, 2023, we and DISH Network entered into a note hedge amendment letter agreement with each option counterparty pursuant to which, at the Effective Time, DISH Network’s right to purchase shares of DISH Class A Common Stock pursuant to the terms of the applicable convertible note hedge transactions was changed into a right to purchase shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock.

In addition, in connection with the completion of the Merger, on December 31, 2023, we and DISH Network entered into a warrant amendment letter agreement and warrant guarantee with each option counterparty, pursuant to which, at the Effective Time, each counterparty’s right to purchase shares of DISH Network Class A Common Stock pursuant to the applicable warrant transactions was changed into a right to purchase shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock, and we guaranteed all of DISH Network’s obligations under the applicable warrant transactions.

In connection with the offering of the Convertible Notes due 2026, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions with certain option counterparties. The convertible note hedge transactions cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Convertible Notes due 2026, the number of shares of DISH Network Class A Common Stock underlying the Convertible Notes due 2026, which initially gives us the option to purchase approximately 46 million shares of DISH Network Class A Common Stock at a price of approximately $65.18 per share, which in connection with the completion of the Merger converted into approximately 16 million shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock at a price of approximately $185.76 per share. The total cost of the original convertible note hedge transactions was $635 million.

Concurrently with entering into the convertible note hedge transactions, we also entered into warrant transactions with each option counterparty whereby we sold to such option counterparty warrants to purchase, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, up to the same number of shares of DISH Network Class A common stock, which initially gives the option counterparties the option to purchase approximately 46 million shares of DISH Network Class A common stock at a price of approximately $86.08 per share, which in connection with the completion of the Merger converted into approximately 16 million shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock at price ranges of approximately $185.75 to $245.33 per share. We received $376 million in cash proceeds from the original sale of these warrants. In accordance with accounting guidance on hedge and warrant transactions, the net cost incurred in connection with the convertible note hedge and warrant transactions are recorded as a reduction in “Additional paid-in capital” within “Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016.

We will not be required to make any cash payments to each option counterparty or its affiliates upon the exercise of the options that are a part of the convertible note hedge transactions, but will be entitled to receive from them a number of shares of Class A common stock, an amount of cash or a combination thereof. This consideration is generally based on the amount by which the market price per share of Class A common stock, as measured under the terms of the convertible note hedge transactions, is greater than the strike price of the convertible note hedge transactions during the relevant valuation period under the convertible note hedge transactions. Additionally, if the market price per share of Class A common stock, as measured under the terms of the warrant transactions, exceeds the strike price of the warrants during the measurement period at the maturity of the warrants, we will owe each option counterparty a number of shares of Class A common stock in an amount based on the excess of such market price per share of Class A common stock over the strike price of the warrants. However, as specified under the terms of the warrant transactions, we may elect to settle the warrants in cash.

DISH DBS Senior Secured Notes

Our DISH DBS Senior Secured Notes are:

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general senior secured obligations of DISH DBS Corporation (“DISH DBS”);

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secured by security interests in substantially all existing and future tangible and intangible assets of DISH DBS and its principal operating subsidiaries on a first priority basis, subject to certain exceptions;

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ranked equally in right of payment with all of DISH DBS’ and the guarantors’ existing and future senior debt;

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ranked senior in right of payment and effectively senior to any of DISH DBS’ and the guarantors’ junior lien or unsecured debt to the extent of the value of the pledged collateral that secures the Senior Secured Notes; and

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ranked effectively junior to DISH DBS’ and the guarantors’ obligations that are secured by assets that are not part of the pledged collateral that secures the Senior Secured Notes, to the extent of the value of such assets.

The indenture related to our DISH DBS Senior Secured Notes contain restrictive covenants that, among other things, impose limitations on the ability of DISH DBS and its restricted subsidiaries to:

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incur additional debt;

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pay dividends or make distributions on DISH DBS’ capital stock or repurchase DISH DBS’ capital stock;

●

make certain investments;

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create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions;

●

enter into transactions with affiliates;

●

merge or consolidate with another company; and

●

transfer or sell assets.

In the event of a change of control, as defined in the related indenture, we would be required to make an offer to repurchase all or any part of a holder’s Senior Secured Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, to the date of repurchase.

5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026

On November 26, 2021, we issued $2.750 billion aggregate principal amount of our 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due December 1, 2026. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 5 1/4% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing on June 1, 2022.

The 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time prior to June 1, 2026 (the “2026 Par Call Date”) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, as defined in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest. At any time on or after the 2026 Par Call Date, we may redeem the 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. Prior to December 1, 2024, we may also redeem up to 35% of the 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 at a specified premium with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings or capital contributions. At any time and from time to time during the 36-month period following the issue date of the 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026, we may redeem up to 10% of the aggregate principal amount during each twelve-month period commencing with the issue date at a redemption price of 103% of the aggregate principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.

5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028

On November 26, 2021, we issued $2.5 billion aggregate principal amount of our 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due December 1, 2028. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 5 3/4% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, commencing on June 1, 2022.

The 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time prior to December 1, 2027 (the “2028 Par Call Date”) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, as defined in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest. At any time on or after the 2028 Par Call Date, we may redeem the 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. Prior to December 1, 2024, we may also redeem up to 35% of the 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 at a specified premium with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings or capital contributions. At any time and from time to time during the 36-month period following the issue date of the 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028, we may redeem up to 10% of the aggregate principal amount during each twelve-month period commencing with the issue date at a redemption price of 103% of the aggregate principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.

Intercompany Loan

The net proceeds from the offering of our 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 and our 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the “Senior Notes”) issued on November 26, 2021 were used by DISH DBS to make an intercompany loan to DISH Network pursuant to a Loan and Security Agreement dated November 26, 2021 (together with potential future advances to DISH Network, the “Intercompany Loan”) between DISH DBS and DISH Network in order to finance the purchase of wireless spectrum licenses and for general corporate purposes, including our 5G Network Deployment. The Intercompany Loan will mature in two tranches, with the first tranche maturing on December 1, 2026 (the “2026 Tranche”) and the second tranche maturing on December 1, 2028 (the “2028 Tranche”). DISH DBS may make additional advances to DISH Network under the Intercompany Loan, and on February 11, 2022, DISH DBS advanced an additional $1.5 billion to DISH Network under the Intercompany Loan 2026 Tranche. Interest accrues and is payable semiannually, and interest payments with respect to the Intercompany Loan are, at our option, payable in kind for the first two years. In the third year, a minimum of 50% of each interest payment due with respect to each tranche of the Intercompany Loan must be paid in cash. Thereafter, interest payments must be paid in cash. Interest will accrue: (a) when paid in cash, at a fixed rate of 0.25% per annum in excess of the interest rate applicable to, in the case of the 2026 Tranche, the 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026, and in the case of the 2028 Tranche, the 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (each, the “Cash Accrual Rate” with respect to the applicable tranche); and (b) when paid in kind, at a rate of 0.75% per annum in excess of the Cash Accrual Rate for the applicable tranche. As of December 31, 2023, the total Intercompany Loan amount outstanding plus interest paid in kind was $7.496 billion.

As of December 31, 2023, interest payments for the Intercompany Loan paid in cash totaled $105 million. In January 2024, the 2026 Tranche was assigned to EchoStar Intercompany Receivable Company L.L.C., our direct wholly-owned subsidiary, such that amounts owed in respect of the 2026 Tranche will now be paid by DISH Network to EchoStar Intercompany Receivable L.L.C. See Note 21 for further information.

The cash proceeds of the Intercompany Loan of $6.750 billion were paid to the FCC in connection with Weminuche’s winning bids in Auction 110. As a result, the Intercompany Loan is secured by Weminuche’s interest in the wireless spectrum licenses acquired in Auction 110 with such cash proceeds up to the total loan amount outstanding including interest paid in kind.

The remaining balance of our winning bids of approximately $455 million was paid from cash and marketable investment securities balances at that time, for a total of approximately $7.205 billion. Under certain circumstances, DISH Network wireless spectrum licenses (valued based upon a third-party valuation) may be substituted for the collateral. The Intercompany Loan is not included as collateral for the Senior Secured Notes, and the Senior Secured Notes are subordinated to DISH DBS’s existing and certain future unsecured notes with respect to certain realizations under the Intercompany Loan and any collateral pledged as security for the Intercompany Loan.

DISH Network Senior Secured Notes

Our DISH Network Senior Secured Notes are:

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senior unsecured obligations and guaranteed by certain restricted subsidiaries on a senior secured basis and certain other material subsidiaries;

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secured on a first priority basis by security interests, in favor of the secured parties, in the collateral, which consists primarily of interests in wireless spectrum licenses within the 600 MHz band (“the Spectrum Collateral”) owned by one of the secured guarantors and any additional subsidiaries of ours that may be added as guarantors from time to time and equity interests in the Spectrum Collateral guarantor(s) and DISH DBS;

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ranked equally in right of payment with all of our and the guarantor’s existing and future senior indebtedness;

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ranked senior in right of payment to any of our and the guarantors’ subordinated indebtedness and effectively senior to any of the Secured Guarantors unsecured indebtedness and indebtedness secured by junior liens on the collateral to the extent of the value of the collateral and effectively junior to all the existing and future obligations of any of our subsidiaries that are not Guarantors.

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ranked effectively junior to our obligations and the obligations of the guarantors that are secured by assets that do not constitute collateral to the extent of the value of such assets;

The indenture related to our DISH Network Senior Secured Notes contain restrictive covenants that, among other things, impose limitations on our ability and certain of our subsidiaries to:

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incur additional debt;

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pay dividends or make distributions on our capital stock or repurchase our capital stock;

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make certain investments of Spectrum Collateral;

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create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions;

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enter into transactions with affiliates;

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merge or consolidate with another company; and

●

transfer or sell assets.

In the event of a change of control, as defined in the related indenture, we would be required to make an offer to repurchase all or any part of a holder’s DISH Senior Secured Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, to the date of repurchase.

11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027

On November 15, 2022 and January 26, 2023, we issued $2.0 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, aggregate principal amount of our 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due November 15, 2027. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 11 3/4% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on May 15, 2023.

The 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time prior to May 15, 2025 at a redemption price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus a “make-whole” premium, as defined in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest. At any time on or after May 15, 2025, we may redeem the 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at the redemption prices specified in the related indenture, together with accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date.

Prior to May 15, 2025, we may also redeem up to 40% of the 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 at a redemption price equal to 111.750% of the aggregate principal amount of the 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 redeemed, together with accrued and unpaid interest to such redemption date, with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings or capital contributions.

Pursuant to the related indenture, we are required to obtain an initial appraisal of the Spectrum Collateral by an independent appraiser (the “Initial Appraisal”) within 120 days following the issue date of the 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027. As of January 17, 2023, the Initial Appraisal certified we had satisfied the requirements under the loan-to-value ratio (as defined in the Indenture). Based on the independent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio was not greater than 0.35 to 1.00 and the fair market value of the Spectrum Collateral was $10.04 billion. We will also be required to obtain a second appraisal of the Spectrum Collateral (a “Second Appraisal”) within 120 days of the date if wireless spectrum licenses that form part of the Spectrum Collateral accounting for more than 10% of the aggregate MHz-POPs of all such licenses constituting the Spectrum Collateral are forfeited to the Federal Communications Commission as a result of our failure to meet its buildout milestones with respect to such forfeited licenses. If we fail to deliver the Initial Appraisal or a Second Appraisal, as applicable, within 120 days following the issue date of the 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 or the date of forfeiture, respectively, then we will be required to redeem all of the 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 at a redemption price equal to 102% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.

If the loan-to-value ratio with respect to the Spectrum Collateral as of the date of the Initial Appraisal or the Second Appraisal, as applicable, is greater than 0.35 to 1.00, then within 60 days following the date of the delivery of the Initial Appraisal, or within 90 days following the date of the delivery of the Second Appraisal, as applicable, we will be required to add additional Spectrum Collateral guarantors and/or pledge (or cause to be pledged) cash or interests in additional wireless spectrum licenses as Spectrum Collateral to comply with the required loan-to-value ratio of 0.35 to 1.00. If we fail to add such additional Spectrum Collateral and/or pledge (or cause to be pledged) cash or interests in additional wireless spectrum licenses, we will be required to redeem an amount of 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 such that immediately after giving effect to such redemption, the loan-to-value ratio shall not be greater than 0.35 to 1.00 at a redemption price equal to 102% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date.

HSSC Secured Senior Notes

5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026

On July 27, 2016, our subsidiary Hughes Satellite Systems Corporation (“HSSC”) issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Senior Secured Notes”) at an issue price of 100.0%, pursuant to an indenture dated July 27, 2016 (the “2016 Secured Indenture”). The 2026 Senior Secured Notes mature on August 1, 2026. Interest on the 2026 Senior Secured Notes accrues at an annual rate of 5 1/4% and is payable semi-annually in cash, in arrears, on February 1 and August 1 of each year.

Our Senior Notes due 2026 are:

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secured obligations of HSSC;

●

secured by security interests in substantially all existing and future tangible and intangible assets of HSSC and certain of its subsidiaries on a first priority basis, subject to certain exceptions;

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effectively junior to HSSC’s obligations that are secured by assets that are not part of the collateral that secures the 2026 Senior Secured Notes to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such obligations;

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effectively senior to HSSC’s existing and future unsecured obligations to the extent of the value of the collateral securing the 2026 Senior Secured Notes, after giving effect to permitted liens as provided in the 2016 Secured Indenture;

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senior in right of payment to all existing and future obligations of HSSC that are expressly subordinated to the 2026 Senior Secured Notes;

●

structurally junior to any existing and future obligations of any of HSSC’s subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 2026 Senior Secured Notes; and

●

unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a general senior secured basis by certain of our HSSC’s subsidiaries, which guarantees rank equally with all of the guarantors’ existing and future unsubordinated indebtedness and effectively senior to such guarantors’ existing and future obligations to the extent of the value of the assets securing the 2026 Senior Secured Notes.

●

incur additional debt;

●

pay dividends or make distributions on HSSC’s or their capital stock or repurchase HSSC’s or their capital stock;

●

make certain investments;

●

create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions;

●

enter into transactions with affiliates;

●

merge or consolidate with another company;

●

transfer and sell assets; and

●

allow to exist certain restrictions on its or their ability to pay dividends, make distributions, make other payments, or transfer assets.

In the event of a Change of Control, as defined in the respective Indentures, HSSC would be required to make an offer to repurchase all or any part of a holder’s 2026 Senior Secured Notes at a purchase price equal to 101.0% of the aggregate principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest to the date of repurchase.

The Indentures provide for customary events of default for each series of the 2026 Senior Secured Notes, including, among other things, non-payment, breach of the covenants in the applicable Indentures, payment defaults or acceleration of other indebtedness, a failure to pay certain judgments and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization. If any event of default occurs and is continuing with respect to any series of the 2026 Senior Secured Notes, the trustee or the holders of at least 25.0% in principal amount of the then outstanding 2026 Senior Secured Notes of such series may declare all the 2026 Senior Secured Notes of such series to be due and payable immediately, together with any accrued and unpaid interest.

Interest on Long-Term Debt


			Annual
		Semi-Annual	Debt Service
	Issuer	Payment Dates	Requirements
			(In thousands)
2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 (1)	DISH	March 15 and September 15	$	23,750
5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 (2)	DDBS	May 15 and November 15	$	117,500
7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026	DDBS	January 1 and July 1	$	155,000
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	HSSC	February 1 and August 1	$	39,375
6 5/8% Senior Notes due 2026	HSSC	February 1 and August 1	$	49,688
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026	DISH	February 15 and August 15	$	101,250
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	DDBS	June 1 and December 1	$	144,375
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027	DISH	May 15 and November 15	$	411,250
7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028	DDBS	January 1 and July 1	$	73,750
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028	DDBS	June 1 and December 1	$	143,750
5 1/8% Senior Notes due 2029	DDBS	June 1 and December 1	$	76,875

(1)

Our 2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 mature on March 15, 2024 and have been reclassified to “Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023. As of the year ended December 31, 2023, there is only one remaining interest payment due on March 15, 2024.

(2)	Our 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 mature on November 15, 2024 and have been reclassified to “Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023.

Materially all of our interest expense is being capitalized, including the interest expense associated with the amortization of the debt discounts on our Convertible Notes. See Note 2 for further information.

Our ability to meet our debt service requirements will depend on, among other factors, the successful execution of our business strategy, which is subject to uncertainties and contingencies beyond our control.

Other Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations

Other long-term debt and finance lease obligations consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Satellites and other finance lease obligations	$	123,658	$	123,353
Notes payable related to satellite vendor financing and other debt payable in installments through 2032 with interest rates ranging from approximately 0% to 11.4%		160,158		188,509
Total		283,816		311,862
Less: current portion		(112,942)		(109,380)
Other long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current portion	$	170,874	$	202,482

Finance Lease Obligations

Anik F3. Anik F3, an FSS satellite, was launched and commenced commercial operation in April 2007. This satellite was previously accounted for as a finance lease and depreciated over the term of the satellite service agreement. We leased 100% of the Ku-band capacity on Anik F3 for an initial period of 15 years. During April 2022, we extended the Anik F3 lease and as a result it is currently accounted for as an operating lease.

Nimiq 5. On May 19, 2019, we entered into a Master Transaction Agreement pursuant to which, on September 10, 2019, the satellite service agreement for Nimiq 5 was transferred to us. Nimiq 5 was launched in September 2009 and commenced commercial operation at the 72.7 degree west longitude orbital location during October 2009. This satellite is accounted for as a finance lease and depreciated over the term of the satellite service agreement. We lease 100% of the capacity on Nimiq 5, and this lease expires in September 2024.

Ciel II. Ciel II, a Canadian DBS satellite, was launched in December 2008 and commenced commercial operation in February 2009. This satellite was previously accounted for as a finance lease and depreciated over the term of the satellite service agreement, however, as a result of an amendment, which was effective during the first quarter 2019, Ciel II is now accounted for as an operating lease. We lease 100% of the capacity on Ciel II. The initial ten-year term expired in January 2019 and as a result of an amendment, we renewed this lease through July 2023. As of July 2023, we no longer lease the Ciel II satellite.

Dell Finance Lease. On July 17, 2020, we entered into a master agreement with Dell to lease certain components of our 5G Network Deployment infrastructure, including certain equipment.

The summary of future maturities of our outstanding long-term debt as of December 31, 2023 is included in the commitments table in Note 15.

Revenue Recognition - Activity in Contract Acquisition Costs, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue Recognition
Balance at beginning of period	$ 460,876	$ 555,614	$ 567,789
Additions	321,470	400,124	460,573
Amortization expense	(431,181)	(495,456)	(471,571)
Foreign currency translation	949	594	(1,177)
Balance at end of period	$ 352,114	$ 460,876	$ 555,614

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Oct. 20, 2023
Class A common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Maximum amount authorized for common stock repurchase under common stock repurchase program	$ 500
Amount authorized for common stock repurchase under common stock repurchase program		$ 500
Shares Issued, Price Per Share	$ 0.350877
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock	$ 104
Information regarding repurchase of Class A common stock
Total number of shares repurchased	0
Class B common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)
Shares Issued, Price Per Share	$ 0.350877
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock	$ 84

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 45
-Paragraph 3
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483014/272-10-45-3

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 272
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482987/272-10-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(d))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (e)
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 210
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3

+ Details

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies

Schedule of future maturities of long-term debt, finance lease and contractual obligations

As of December 31, 2023, future maturities of our long-term debt, finance lease and contractual obligations are summarized as follows:


	Payments due by period
	Total		2024		2025		2026		2027		2028		Thereafter

	(In thousands)
Long-term debt obligations	$	22,709,868	$	2,990,195	$	1,993,990	$	9,177,173	$	3,520,219	$	3,505,748	$	1,522,543
Interest expense on long-term debt		4,772,180		1,329,564		1,200,118		1,196,621		708,677		295,967		41,233
Finance lease obligations (1)		123,658		56,459		30,381		34,290		2,528		—		—
Interest expense on finance lease obligations (1)		16,969		9,614		5,011		2,298		46		—		—
Other long-term obligations (2)		13,602,205		2,908,585		2,218,024		1,934,515		1,178,310		1,037,835		4,324,936
Operating lease obligations (1)		5,608,209		448,503		485,783		516,143		515,022		471,980		3,170,778
Purchase obligations		2,052,715		2,022,015		26,036		4,664		—		—		—
Total	$	48,885,804	$	9,764,935	$	5,959,343	$	12,865,704	$	5,924,802	$	5,311,530	$	9,059,490

(1)	See Note 9 for further information on leases.

(2)

Summary of Wireless Spectrum Licenses


	Carrying		Build-Out Deadlines		Expiration
	Amount		Interim	Final	Date
	(In thousands)
Owned:
DBS Licenses (1)	$	677,409
700 MHz Licenses (2)		711,871		June 14, 2025 (3)	June 2033
AWS-4 Licenses (2)		1,940,000		June 14, 2025 (3)	June 2033
H Block Licenses (2)		1,671,506		June 14, 2025 (4)	June 2033
600 MHz Licenses		6,213,335		June 14, 2025 (5)	June 2029
MVDDS Licenses (1)		24,000			July 2024
LMDS Licenses (1)		—			September 2028
28 GHz Licenses		2,883		October 2, 2029 (6)	October 2029
24 GHz Licenses		11,772		December 11, 2029 (6)	December 2029
37 GHz, 39 GHz and 47 GHz Licenses		202,533		June 4, 2030 (6)	June 2030
3550-3650 MHz Licenses		912,939		March 12, 2031 (6)	March 2031
3.7-3.98 GHz Licenses		2,969	July 23, 2029 (6)	July 23, 2033 (6)	July 2036
3.45–3.55 GHz Licenses		7,327,989	May 4, 2026 (6)	May 4, 2030 (6)	May 2037
1695-1710 MHz, 1755-1780 MHz, and 2155-2180 MHz (2)		972			March 2026
AWS-3 (8)		5,618,930		October 2025 (7)	October 2025 (7)
Subtotal		25,319,108
Noncontrolling Investments:
SNR (9)		4,271,459		October 2025 (7)	October 2025 (7)

Capitalized Interest (10)		8,523,682
Total as of December 31, 2023	$	38,114,249

(1)	The build-out deadlines for these licenses have been met.

(2)	The interim build-out deadlines for these licenses are in the past.

(3)

(4)

In a July 14, 2023 filing to the FCC, we certified that we were offering 5G broadband service to at least 70% of the United States population as of June 14, 2023, and certified to meeting other FCC related commitments. As a result of us providing 5G broadband service to over 50% of the U.S. population by June 14, 2023, the final build-out deadlines have been extended automatically to June 14, 2025. For these licenses, we must offer 5G broadband service to at least 75% of the population in each Economic Area (which is a service area established by the FCC). On September 29, 2023, the FCC confirmed we have met all of our June 14, 2023 band-specific 5G deployment commitments, and two of our three nationwide 5G commitments. The single remaining 5G commitment, that at least 70% of the U.S. population has access to average download speeds equal to 35 Mbps, will be confirmed using the drive test methodology agreed to and approved by the FCC. We have six months from September 29, 2023 to complete this drive test.

(5)

(6)	There are a variety of build-out options and associated build-out metrics associated with these licenses.

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)	See Note 2 for further information.

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 17,747,189	$ 15,193,084
Accumulated depreciation	(8,185,355)	(7,288,127)
Property and equipment, net	9,561,834	7,904,957
Non-cash impairment charge	$ 761,099	711	$ 245
Minimum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	1 year
Maximum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	40 years
Equipment leased to customers
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 1,977,450	2,161,173
Equipment leased to customers \| Minimum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	2 years
Equipment leased to customers \| Maximum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	5 years
Satellites
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 4,168,766	3,527,788
Satellites \| Minimum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	5 years
Satellites \| Maximum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	15 years
Satellites acquired under finance lease agreements
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 712,832	705,090
Depreciable Life	15 years
Furniture, fixtures, equipment and other
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 1,691,389	1,479,063
Furniture, fixtures, equipment and other \| Minimum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	1 year
Furniture, fixtures, equipment and other \| Maximum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	20 years
5G Network Deployment
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 4,263,327	770,153
5G Network Deployment \| Minimum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	3 years
5G Network Deployment \| Maximum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	15 years
Software and computer equipment
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 2,503,597	2,026,648
Software and computer equipment \| Minimum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	2 years
Software and computer equipment \| Maximum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	6 years
Buildings and improvements
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 538,815	497,386
Buildings and improvements \| Minimum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	1 year
Buildings and improvements \| Maximum
Property and equipment
Depreciable Life	40 years
Land
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 46,675	46,638
Construction in progress
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	1,844,338	3,979,145
Construction in progress \| Pay-TV
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	162,055	36,936
Construction in progress \| 5G Network Deployment
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	1,639,945	3,133,687
Construction in progress \| Broadband and Satellite Services
Property and equipment
Total property and equipment	$ 42,338	$ 808,522

Leases - Maturities of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Maturities of lease liabilities: Operating lease
2024	$ 448,503
2025	485,783
2026	516,143
2027	515,022
2028	471,980
Thereafter	3,170,778
Total lease payments	5,608,209
Less: Imputed interest	(2,169,507)
Total	3,438,702	$ 3,019,629
Less: Current portion	(317,395)	(210,855)
Long-term portion of lease obligations	3,121,307	2,808,774
Maturities of lease liabilities: Finance lease
2024	66,073
2025	35,392
2026	36,588
2027	2,574
Total lease payments	140,627
Less: Imputed interest	(16,969)
Total	123,658	123,353
Less: Current portion	(56,459)	(48,066)
Long-term portion of lease obligations	67,199	$ 75,287
Future minimum payments for total lease liabilities
2024	514,576
2025	521,175
2026	552,731
2027	517,596
2028	471,980
Thereafter	3,170,778
Total lease payments	5,748,836
Less: Imputed interest	(2,186,476)
Total	3,562,360
Less: Current portion	(373,854)
Long-term portion of lease obligations	$ 3,188,506

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,821,376	$ 2,497,536
Marketable investment securities	623,044	1,809,898
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $74,390 and $59,790, respectively	1,122,139	1,182,597
Inventory	665,169	625,979
Prepaids and other assets	644,005	617,819
Other current assets	16,081	23,884
Total current assets	4,891,814	6,757,713
Noncurrent Assets:
Restricted cash, cash equivalents and marketable investment securities	118,065	117,011
Property and equipment, net	9,561,834	7,904,957
Regulatory authorizations, net	38,572,980	37,395,604
Other investments, net	314,370	524,905
Operating lease assets	3,065,448	2,823,834
Intangible assets, net	172,892	1,113,298
Other noncurrent assets, net	411,491	2,110,959
Total noncurrent assets	52,217,080	51,990,568
Total assets	57,108,894	58,748,281
Current Liabilities:
Trade accounts payable	774,011	1,023,537
Deferred revenue and other	754,658	833,213
Accrued programming	1,427,762	1,298,777
Accrued interest	297,678	298,043
Other accrued expenses and liabilities	1,717,826	1,436,485
Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations (Note 10)	3,046,654	1,552,559
Total current liabilities	8,018,589	6,442,614
Long-Term Obligations, Net of Current Portion:
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current portion (Note 10)	19,717,266	21,343,561
Deferred tax liabilities, net	5,014,309	5,354,756
Operating lease liabilities	3,121,307	2,808,774
Long-term deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities	849,131	748,384
Total long-term obligations, net of current portion	28,702,013	30,255,475
Total liabilities	36,720,602	36,698,089
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 15)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests (Note 2)	438,382	464,359
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit):
Additional paid-in capital	8,301,979	8,222,599
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(160,056)	(175,267)
Accumulated earnings (deficit)	11,737,983	13,440,040
Total EchoStar stockholders' equity (deficit)	19,880,177	21,487,641
Noncontrolling interests	69,733	98,192
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)	19,949,910	21,585,833
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)	57,108,894	58,748,281
Class A common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit):
Common stock	140	138
Class B common stock
Stockholders' Equity (Deficit):
Common stock	$ 131	$ 131

Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

11.Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Our income tax policy is to record the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and amounts reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, as well as probable operating loss, tax credit and other carryforwards. Deferred tax assets are offset by valuation allowances when we believe it is more likely than not that net deferred tax assets will not be realized. We periodically evaluate our need for a valuation allowance. Determining necessary valuation allowances requires us to make assessments about historical financial information as well as the timing of future events, including the probability of expected future taxable income and available tax planning opportunities.

We file consolidated tax returns in the United States. The income taxes of domestic and foreign subsidiaries not included in the United States tax group are presented in our consolidated financial statements on a separate return basis for each tax paying entity.

As of December 31, 2023, we had $267 million net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) for federal income tax purposes, $292 million of NOL carryforwards for state income tax purposes and $219 million of foreign NOL carryfowards which are partially offset by a valuation allowance. In addition, there are $287 million of tax benefits related to credit carryforwards which are partially offset by a valuation allowance. Portions of the state NOL and credit carryforwards expired in 2023.

The components of the (benefit from) provision for income taxes were as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Current (benefit) provision:
Federal	$	(7,484)	$	(1,283)	$	135,759
State		39,441		70,707		47,115
Foreign		8,405		(601)		5,855
Total current (benefit) provision		40,362		68,823		188,729

Deferred (benefit) provision:
Federal		(308,917)		638,077		538,979
State		(150,108)		93,755		87,319
Foreign		(45,006)		(20,965)		(34,809)
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance		166,809		18,720		48,219
Total deferred (benefit) provision		(337,222)		729,587		639,708
Total (benefit) provision	$	(296,860)	$	798,410	$	828,437

Our $1.932 billion loss of “Income (loss) before income taxes” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) included a loss of $172 million related to our foreign operations.

The following table shows the principal reasons for the difference between the effective income tax rate and the statutory federal tax rate:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023	2022	2021

	% of pre-tax income/(loss)
Statutory rate	(21.0)	21.0	21.0
State income taxes, net of federal benefit	(3.6)	3.3	3.2
Rates different than statutory	(1.1)	(0.5)	(0.5)
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance	8.6	0.6	1.4
Tax credits	(3.8)	(0.8)	(0.5)
Impairments	6.0	—	—
Other, net	(0.5)	0.3	0.1
Total (benefit) provision for income taxes	(15.4)	23.9	24.7

Deferred taxes arise because of the differences in the book and tax bases of certain assets and liabilities. Significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Deferred tax assets:
NOL, interest, credit and other carryforwards	$	1,322,706	$	666,789
Accrued and prepaid expenses		966,445		759,981
Stock-based compensation		29,387		29,383
Unrealized (gains) losses on available for sale and other investments (1)		222,769		—
Discount on convertible notes and convertible note hedge transaction, net		46,636		64,644
Deferred revenue		10,748		5,681
Other		10,096		11,050
Total deferred tax assets		2,608,787		1,537,528
Valuation allowance		(492,340)		(306,703)
Deferred tax asset after valuation allowance		2,116,447		1,230,825

Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation		(1,961,227)		(1,784,018)
Unrealized (gains) losses on available for sale and other investments (1)		—		(241,297)
Regulatory authorizations and other intangible amortization		(3,960,608)		(3,491,625)
Bases differences in partnerships and cost method investments (2)		(1,179,418)		(1,041,790)
Other liabilities		(21,227)		(18,840)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(7,122,480)		(6,577,570)
Net deferred tax asset (liability) (3)	$	(5,006,033)	$	(5,346,745)

(1)	Included in this line item are deferred taxes related to, among other things, changes in the probability weighted fair value of our option to purchase certain of T-Mobile’s 800 MHz spectrum licenses. See Note 6 for further information.

(2)	Included in this line item are deferred taxes related to, among other things, our noncontrolling investments in Northstar Spectrum and SNR HoldCo, including deferred taxes created by the tax amortization of the Northstar Licenses and SNR Licenses. See Note 2 for further information.

(3)

The presentation of net deferred tax liability includes both deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets. Certain foreign deferred tax assets are presented as part of “Other noncurrent assets, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and our deferred tax liabilities related to all other jurisdictions are reported separately as “Deferred tax liabilities, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

As of December 31, 2023, we had undistributed earnings attributable to foreign subsidiaries for which no provision for U.S. income taxes or foreign withholding taxes has been made because it is expected that such earnings will be reinvested outside the U.S. indefinitely. It is not practicable to determine the amount of the unrecognized deferred tax liability at this time.

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

In addition to filing federal income tax returns, we and one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in all states that impose an income tax. We are subject to United States federal, state and local income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years as early as tax year 2008. We are currently under a federal income tax examination for years 2008 through 2011, 2013 through 2016, and 2018 through 2019. We also file income tax returns in the United Kingdom, Germany, Brazil, India and a number of other foreign jurisdictions. We generally are open to income tax examination in these foreign jurisdictions for taxable years beginning in 2004.

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits included in “Long-term deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets was as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Unrecognized tax benefit	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Balance as of beginning of period	$	569,601	$	539,113	$	528,527
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year		9,210		36,587		496
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years		41,522		16,369		12,200
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years		(7,219)		(21,541)		(1,482)
Reductions based on tax positions related to settlements with taxing authorities		(3,219)		—		—
Reductions based on tax positions related to the lapse of the statute of limitations		(352)		(927)		(628)
Balance as of end of period	$	609,543	$	569,601	$	539,113

We have $539 million in unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, could favorably affect our effective tax rate. We do not expect any material portion of this amount to be paid or settled within the next 12 months. Accrued interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions are recorded as a component of “Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized” and “Other, net,” respectively, on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we recorded $39 million, $22 million and $16 million in net interest and penalty expense to earnings, respectively. Accrued interest and penalties were $165 million and $126 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The above table excludes these amounts.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//740/tableOfContent

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-14

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-21

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482526/740-270-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-17

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-2

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

+ Details

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations - Intercompany Loan (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended	192 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) tranche	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	0.25%	0.25%
Payment to customer		$ 30,000
DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Minimum interest payment due (in percent)	50.00%
Interest payment in kind (in percent)	0.75%
Intercompany Loan \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Additional debt	$ 1,500
Outstanding amount	$ 7,496	$ 7,496
Number of tranche \| tranche	2
Loan paid	$ 105
Intercompany Loan \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS") \| Ghz 3.45 to 3.55
Debt Instrument
Cash proceeds	6,750
Cash and marketable investment securities paid	455
Payment to customer	$ 7,205

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Regulatory Authorizations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	$ 38,114,249
Wireless
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	25,319,108	$ 25,317,099
Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	38,114,249	36,933,073
DBS Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	677,409
DBS Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	677,409	677,409
700 MHz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	711,871
700 MHz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	711,871	711,871
MVDDS
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	24,000
AWS-4 Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	1,940,000
AWS-4 Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	1,940,000	1,940,000
H Block Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	1,671,506
H Block Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	1,671,506	1,671,506
600 MHz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	6,213,335
600 MHz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	6,213,335	6,212,579
MVDDS Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	24,000	24,000
28 GHz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	2,883
28 GHz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	2,883	2,883
24 GHz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	11,772
24 GHz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	11,772	11,772
37 Ghz, 39 Ghz and 47 Ghz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	202,533
37 Ghz, 39 Ghz and 47 Ghz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	202,533	202,533
3550-3650 MHz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	912,939
3550-3650 MHz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	912,939	912,939
3.7-3.98 GHz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	2,969
3.7-3.98 GHz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	2,969	2,688
3.45-3.55 GHz Licenses
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	7,327,989
3.45-3.55 GHz Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	7,327,989	7,327,989
1695-1710 MHz, 1755-1780 MHz, and 2155-2180 MHz
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	972
1695-1710 MHz, 1755-1780 MHz, and 2155-2180 MHz \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	972
AWS-3 Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	5,618,930	5,618,930
AWS-3 Licenses \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments \| SNR
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	4,271,459	4,271,459
Capitalized Interest
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	9,000,000
Capitalized Interest \| Pay-TV and 5G Network Deployment Segments
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Regulatory Authorizations	$ 8,523,682	$ 7,344,515

Commitments and Contingencies - Part 3 (Details)									12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies - Part 3 (Details)	Sep. 29, 2023 person	Sep. 29, 2023 item	Jun. 14, 2023 person	Sep. 01, 2020	Sep. 23, 2016 USD ($)	Aug. 18, 2015 USD ($)	Jul. 17, 2015 USD ($)	Mar. 14, 2014 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Loss contingencies
Number of Americans Nationwide For Deploy FiveG Services	200	200,000,000	246,000,000
Impairment of long-lived assets									$ 761,099,000	$ 711,000	$ 245,000
Loss contingency terms
Loss Contingency, Damages Awarded, Value									$ 90,000,000
Loss Contingency, Damages Paid, Value											$ 62,000,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco \| AWS-3 Licenses
Loss contingencies
Interim Build-out Requirement (as a percent)									40.00%
Final Build-out Requirement (as a percent)									75.00%
Accelerated period to meet Final Build-Out Requirement on failure to meet Interim Build-Out Requirement									2 years
Loss contingency terms
Percentage of bidding credit									25.00%
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| AWS-3 Licenses
Loss contingency terms
Percentage of bidding credit									25.00%
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| AWS-3 Licenses \| Vermont National Telephone Company
Loss contingency terms
Percentage of bidding credit					25.00%
Recovery amount					$ 10,000,000,000
Bidding credit value					3,300,000,000
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| AWS-3 Licenses \| Minimum \| Vermont National Telephone Company
Loss contingency terms
Claim amount					5,500
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| AWS-3 Licenses \| Maximum \| Vermont National Telephone Company
Loss contingency terms
Claim amount					$ 11,000
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| SNR Licenses
Loss contingency terms
Percentage of bidding credit						25.00%
Bidding credit value						$ 1,961,000,000
SNR \| SNR Licenses
Loss contingency terms
Percentage of bidding credit									25.00%
Bidding credit value						$ 1,370,000,000
Pending Litigation \| ClearPlay
Loss contingency terms
Claim amount								$ 469,000,000
Pending Litigation \| TQ Delta
Loss contingency terms
Claim amount							$ 251,000,000
Cyber-Security Class Actions
Loss contingency terms
Ten additional putative class action complaints \| item									10
License Fee Dispute
Loss contingencies
Payment schedule term (in years)				10 years

Employee Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Employee Benefit Plans
Employer matching contribution as a percentage of voluntary employee contributions under 401(k) plan	50.00%
Employer maximum annual contribution per employee under 401(k) plan	$ 2,500
Expense recognized related to 401(k) plan
Matching contributions, net of forfeitures	20,379,000	$ 18,275,000	$ 14,346,000
Discretionary stock contributions, net of forfeitures	5,491,000	$ 21,606,000	$ 33,507,000
Defined Contribution Plan Echo Star401 K Plan
Employee Benefit Plans
Employer maximum annual contribution per employee under 401(k) plan	$ 7,500
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
Employee Benefit Plans
Minimum number of calendar quarters to be employed for full-time employees to be eligible to participate in the ESPP	3 months
Maximum fair value of capital stock permitted to be purchased by employees in any one year under ESPP	$ 25,000
Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Class A common stock
Employee Benefit Plans
Shares of common stock available for future grant under stock incentive plans	0.5
Purchase price as percentage of closing market price on the last business day of each calendar quarter under ESPP	85.00%
Employee Stock Purchase Plan \| Class A common stock \| Maximum
Employee Benefit Plans
Number of shares authorized to be issued under Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)	5.0

Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

18.Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)

Our quarterly results of operations are summarized as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31		June 30		September 30		December 31

	(In thousands, except per share data)
Year ended December 31, 2023:
Total revenue	$	4,387,666	$	4,356,462	$	4,108,874	$	4,162,596
Operating income (loss)		353,338		252,228		(31,349)		(852,126)
Net income (loss)		272,845		232,692		(118,737)		(2,021,624)
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar		253,534		212,662		(138,371)		(2,029,882)

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	0.94		0.79		(0.51)		(7.48)

Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	0.82		0.69		(0.51)		(7.48)

Year ended December 31, 2022:
Total revenue	$	4,820,832	$	4,698,483	$	4,581,914	$	4,533,017
Operating income (loss)		594,440		738,535		472,349		427,514
Net income (loss)		537,242		550,094		448,110		1,001,446
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar		523,534		536,314		433,608		984,264

Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	1.93	$	1.98	$	1.61	$	3.65

Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	1.69	$	1.74	$	1.41	$	3.21

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Deferred tax liabilities, net	$ 5,014,309	$ 5,354,756
ASU 2020-06
Deferred tax liabilities, net			$ 245,778

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Regulatory Authorizations (Broadband and Satellite Services Segment) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Indefinite-Lived License Agreements	$ 38,114,249
Broadband and Satellite Services [Member]
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Indefinite-Lived License Agreements	439,160	$ 439,160
Broadband and Satellite Services [Member] \| 95 W (EchoStar XXIV)
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Indefinite-Lived License Agreements	200,000	200,000
Broadband and Satellite Services [Member] \| (EchoStar XVII)
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Indefinite-Lived License Agreements	200,000	200,000
Broadband and Satellite Services [Member] \| Sirion-1 Filing
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Indefinite-Lived License Agreements	$ 39,160	$ 39,160

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 17,015,598	$ 18,634,246	$ 19,818,678
Costs and Expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization):
Cost of services	9,510,427	10,111,341	10,717,333
Cost of sales - equipment and other	2,434,904	2,099,136	1,778,471
Selling, general and administrative expenses	2,989,154	3,015,325	2,686,279
Depreciation and amortization	1,597,923	1,174,895	1,213,946
Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill (Note 2)	761,099	711	245
Total costs and expenses	17,293,507	16,401,408	16,396,274
Operating income (loss)	(277,909)	2,232,838	3,422,404
Other Income (Expense):
Interest income, net	207,374	93,240	33,903
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized	(90,357)	(79,217)	(111,151)
Other, net (Note 6)	(1,770,792)	1,088,441	4,716
Total other income (expense)	(1,653,775)	1,102,464	(72,532)
Income (loss) before income taxes	(1,931,684)	3,335,302	3,349,872
Income tax (provision) benefit, net	296,860	(798,410)	(828,437)
Net income (loss)	(1,634,824)	2,536,892	2,521,435
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax	67,233	59,172	35,150
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar	$ (1,702,057)	$ 2,477,720	$ 2,486,285
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Class A and B common stock:
Basic (in shares)	270,842	270,102	275,117
Diluted (in shares)	270,842	307,733	313,122
Earnings per share - Class A and B common stock:
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar (In dollar per share)	$ (6.28)	$ 9.17	$ 9.04
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar (In dollar per share)	$ (6.28)	$ 8.05	$ 7.94
Comprehensive Income (Loss):
Net income (loss)	$ (1,634,824)	$ 2,536,892	$ 2,521,435
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments	19,129	35,449	(22,274)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale debt securities	(306)	536	(694)
Recognition of previously unrealized (gains) losses on available-for-sale securities included in net income (loss)	550	(25)	(25)
Deferred income tax (expense) benefit, net	(512)	(359)	519
Other		2,660	(5,005)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	18,861	38,261	(27,479)
Comprehensive income (loss)	(1,615,963)	2,575,153	2,493,956
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax	70,883	60,879	30,761
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to EchoStar	(1,686,846)	2,514,274	2,463,195
Service and other revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	16,145,763	17,596,265	18,598,313
Equipment sales and other revenue
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 869,835	$ 1,037,981	$ 1,220,365

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Dec. 31, 2023
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule10b5-1 Arrangement Modified	false
Rule10b5-1 Arrangement Modified	false

Inventory (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Inventory

Schedule of inventory


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Finished goods	$	512,894	$	521,600
Work-in-process and service repairs		68,463		35,759
Consignment (1)		56,360		14,792
Raw materials		27,452		53,828
Total inventory	$	665,169	$	625,979

(1)	This change primarily resulted from a distribution agreement related to certain Boost postpaid wireless devices.

Stock-Based Compensation

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

14.Stock-Based Compensation

Merger with DISH Network

Upon the completion of the Merger with DISH Network, we adopted all of DISH Network’s stock compensation plans. In addition, in connection with the Merger, EchoStar assumed the share reserve under each of the DISH Network Corporation 2019 Stock Incentive Plan and the Amended and Restated DISH Network Corporation 2001 Nonemployee Director Stock Option Plan to employees and directors who were employed by, or provided services to, DISH Network immediately prior to the effective time of the Merger.

At the Effective Time, each DISH Network stock option outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time was converted automatically into an EchoStar stock option on substantially the same terms and conditions (including, if applicable, with respect to any performance-based vesting, subject to certain adjustments that may be made pursuant to the terms of the Amended Merger Agreement and to the extent necessary to reflect the consummation of the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Amended Merger Agreement), with respect to a number of shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock equal to (i) the number of shares of DISH Network Common Stock subject to the corresponding DISH Network stock option immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (ii) the Exchange Ratio (with the resulting number rounded down to the nearest whole share), at an exercise price (rounded up to the nearest whole cent) equal to the exercise price of the corresponding DISH Network stock option immediately prior to the Effective Time divided by the Exchange Ratio.

At the Effective Time, each DISH Network restricted stock unit award outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time was converted automatically into an EchoStar restricted stock unit award on substantially the same terms and conditions, with respect to a number of shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock equal to (i) the number of shares of DISH Network Common Stock subject to the corresponding DISH Network restricted stock unit award immediately prior to the Effective Time, multiplied by (ii) the Exchange Ratio (with the resulting number rounded to the nearest whole share).

Stock Incentive Plans

All information below includes the Merger conversion discussed above.

We maintain stock incentive plans to attract and retain officers, directors and key employees. Stock awards under these plans include both performance/market and non-performance based stock incentives. As of December 31, 2023, we had outstanding under these plans stock options to acquire 16.1 million shares of our Class A common stock and 49 thousand restricted stock units and awards. Stock options granted on or prior to December 31, 2023 were granted with exercise prices equal to or greater than the market value of our Class A common stock at the date of grant and with a maximum term of approximately ten years. We account for forfeitures as they are incurred. While historically we have issued stock awards subject to vesting, typically at the rate of 20% per year, certain stock awards have been granted with immediate vesting and certain other stock awards vest only upon the achievement of certain company-specific subscriber, operational and/or financial goals. In addition, the Ergen 2020 Performance Award is subject to the achievement of specified stock price targets. As of December 31, 2023, we had 3.4 million shares of our Class A common stock available for future grant under the EchoStar stock incentive plans. As of December 31, 2023, we had 17.2 million shares of our Class A common stock available for future grant under the DISH Network stock incentive plans.

Exchange offer. On June 24, 2022, we commenced a tender offer to eligible employees (which excludes our co-founders and the independent members of our Board of Directors) to exchange eligible stock options (which excludes the Ergen 2020 Performance Award) for new options as detailed in our Schedule TO filed June 23, 2022 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Exchange Offer”), to, among other things, further align employee incentives with the current market. The Exchange Offer expired on July 22, 2022. As a result of the Exchange Offer, the exercise price of approximately 13 million stock options, affecting approximately 700 eligible employees, was adjusted during the third quarter of 2022 to $20.00.

Stock Award Activity

Our stock option activity was as follows:


	For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands)		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life
Total options outstanding, beginning of period	16,887,454	$	59.28
Granted	1,653,280	$	22.28
Exercised	—	$	—
Forfeited and cancelled (1)	(2,453,588)	$	59.25
Total options outstanding, end of period	16,087,146	$	55.48	$	1	6.76
Performance/market based options outstanding, end of period (2)	4,631,083	$	84.20
Exercisable at end of period	6,332,074	$	50.88	$	—	5.35

(1)	Includes the cancellation of the 2013 LTIP. See discussion below.

(2)	These stock options are included in the caption “Total options outstanding, end of period.” See discussion of the 2017 LTIP, 2019 LTIP, 2022 Incentive Plan, Ergen 2020 Performance Award and Other Employee Performance Awards below.

We realized tax benefits from stock awards exercised as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Tax benefit from stock awards exercised	$	1,384		573		4,457

Our restricted stock unit and award activity was as follows:


	For the Year Ended
	December 31, 2023
	Restricted Stock Units/Awards	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Total restricted stock units/awards outstanding, beginning of period	802,804	$	72.70
Granted	5,776	$	17.50
Vested	(525,100)	$	60.89
Forfeited and cancelled	(234,835)	$	92.34
Total restricted stock units/awards outstanding, end of period	48,645	$	98.78

The following table summarizes additional information about our stock options and restricted stock units and awards:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Stock options:
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted	$	22.28	$	53.20	$	84.84
Intrinsic value of options exercised (1)	$	—	$	98	$	16,029

Restricted stock units and awards:
Weighted-average grant date fair value of units and awards granted	$	17.50	$	40.06	$	120.86
Fair value of units and rewards vested (1)	$	9,926	$	2,212	$	1,218

(1)	Intrinsic value and fair value is based on the closing market price of our Class A common stock on December 31, 2023.

Long-Term Performance-Based Plans

2013 LTIP. During 2013, we adopted a long-term, performance-based stock incentive plan (the “2013 LTIP”). The 2013 LTIP provides stock options and restricted stock units in combination, which vest based on certain company-specific subscriber and financial performance conditions. Exercise of the stock awards is contingent on achieving these performance conditions by September 30, 2022. This plan expired on January 1, 2023 which resulted in the cancellation of 276,147 stock options and 137,449 restricted stock units and awards.

2017 LTIP. On December 2, 2016, we adopted a long-term, performance-based stock incentive plan (the “2017 LTIP”). The 2017 LTIP provided stock options, which were subject to vesting based on certain company-specific subscriber and financial performance conditions. Awards were initially granted under the 2017 LTIP as of January 1, 2017. Exercise of the stock awards was contingent on achieving these performance conditions by December 31, 2020, however, none of the performance conditions were achieved. This plan will expire on January 1, 2027 which as of December 31, 2023, would result in the cancellation of 471,727 stock options.

2019 LTIP. On August 17, 2018, we adopted a long-term, performance-based stock incentive plan (the “2019 LTIP”). The 2019 LTIP provides stock options, which vest based on certain company-specific subscriber, operational and/or financial performance conditions. Vesting of the stock awards is contingent on achieving these conditions by December 31, 2023.

Although no awards vest until the Company attains the performance conditions described above, compensation related to the 2019 LTIP will be recorded based on management’s assessment of the probability of meeting the performance conditions. If the performance conditions are probable of being achieved, we will begin recognizing the associated non-cash, stock-based compensation expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) over the estimated period to achieve the performance condition.

During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we determined that 85%, 89% and 90%, respectively, of the 2019 LTIP performance conditions were probable of achievement. As a result, non-cash, stock-based compensation expense was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, as indicated in the table below titled “Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized.” As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, approximately 78%, 75% and 69%, respectively, of the 2019 LTIP awards had vested. No additional awards will vest in future periods for the 2019 LTIP.

2022 Incentive Plan. On December 30, 2021, we adopted a performance-based incentive plan (the “2022 Incentive Plan”). The 2022 Incentive Plan provides stock options, which vest based on certain company-specific operational and/or financial performance conditions. Awards were initially granted under the 2022 Incentive Plan as of February 1, 2022. Exercise of the stock awards is contingent on achieving these conditions by December 31, 2026.

Although no awards vest until the Company attains the performance conditions described above, compensation related to the 2022 Incentive Plan will be recorded based on management’s assessment of the probability of meeting the performance conditions. If the performance conditions are probable of being achieved, we will begin recognizing the associated non-cash, stock-based compensation expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) over the estimated period to achieve the performance condition.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, we determined that 100% of the 2022 Incentive Plan performance conditions were probable of achievement. As a result, non-cash, stock-based compensation expense was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2023 as indicated in the table below titled “Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized.” As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 17% and 33%, respectively, of the 2022 Incentive Plan awards had vested.

Ergen 2020 Performance Award. On November 4, 2020, our Executive Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved an award to Charles W. Ergen, our Chairman, of long-term performance-based options (the “Ergen 2020 Performance Award”) to purchase up to 4,385,962 shares of EchoStar’s Class A common stock. The award is subject to the achievement of specified EchoStar Class A common stock price targets during the approximate ten-year period following the date of grant. The award was granted on November 6, 2020 and will expire on February 6, 2031.

Although no awards will vest until the market conditions are satisfied, as of December 31, 2020, we began recording non-cash, stock-based compensation expense for each vesting tranche based on the estimated achievement date of the specified stock price target. The valuation and probability of achievement for each tranche is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. The same Monte Carlo simulation is used as the basis for determining the expected achievement date. As the probability of achievement is factored in as part of the Monte Carlo simulation, the expense for these tranches will be recognized concurrently over each tranche’s estimated achievement date even if some or all of the options never vest. If the related milestone for a tranche is achieved earlier than is expected, all unamortized expense for such tranche will be recognized immediately. Non-cash, stock-based compensation expense was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, as indicated in the table below titled “Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized.” As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, approximately 20% of the Ergen 2020 Performance Award awards had vested.

Other Employee Performance Awards. In addition to the above long-term, performance stock incentive plans, we have other stock awards that vest based on certain other company-specific subscriber, operational and/or financial performance conditions. Exercise of these stock awards is contingent on achieving certain performance conditions.

Additional compensation related to these awards will be recorded based on management’s assessment of the probability of meeting the remaining performance conditions. If the remaining performance conditions are probable of being achieved, we will begin recognizing the associated non-cash, stock-based compensation expense on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) over the estimated period to achieve the performance condition. See the table below titled “Estimated Remaining Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense.”

Although no awards vest until the performance conditions are attained, we determined that certain performance conditions described above were probable of achievement and, as a result, recorded non-cash, stock-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, as indicated in the table below titled “Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized.”

The non-cash, stock-based compensation expense associated with these awards was as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized (1)	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
2022 Incentive Plan	$	7,346	$	19,088	$	—
2019 LTIP		(1,903)		(97)		489
2013 LTIP		—		—		(13,610)
Ergen 2020 Performance Award		12,308		12,308		34,513
Other employee performance awards		462		4,502		9,033
Total non-cash, stock-based compensation expense recognized for performance based awards	$	18,213	$	35,801	$	30,425

(1)	“Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized” includes actual forfeitures.


Estimated Remaining Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense	2022 Incentive Plan		2019 LTIP		Ergen 2020 Performance Award		Other Employee Performance Awards

	(In thousands)
Expense estimated to be recognized during 2024	$	2,119	$	—	$	10,816	$	—
Estimated contingent expense subsequent to 2024		1,114		—		16,913		—
Total estimated remaining expense over the term of the plan	$	3,233	$	—	$	27,729	$	—

Given the competitive nature of our business, small variations in subscriber churn, gross new subscriber activation rates and certain other factors can significantly impact subscriber growth. Consequently, while it was determined that achievement of certain other company-specific subscriber, operational and/or financial performance conditions were not probable as of December 31, 2023, that assessment could change in the future.

Of the 16.1 million stock options and 49 thousand restricted stock units and awards outstanding under our stock incentive plans as of December 31, 2023, the following awards were outstanding pursuant to our performance-based stock incentive plans:


	As of December 31, 2023
Performance Based Stock Options	Number of Awards	Weighted- Average Grant Price
2022 Incentive Plan	401,828	$	50.78
2019 LTIP	248,758	$	60.04
2017 LTIP	471,727	$	164.20
Ergen 2020 Performance Award	3,508,770	$	78.98
Total	4,631,083	$	84.20

Stock-Based Compensation

Total non-cash, stock-based compensation expense for all of our employees is shown in the following table for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 and was allocated to the same expense categories as the base compensation for such employees:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Cost of services	$	2,610	$	6,511	$	4,365
Selling, general and administrative		48,904		76,483		55,014
Total non-cash, stock-based compensation	$	51,514	$	82,994	$	59,379

As of December 31, 2023, our total unrecognized compensation cost related to our non-performance based unvested stock awards was $66 million and will be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 8.6 years. Share-based compensation expense is recognized based on stock awards ultimately expected to vest.

Valuation

The fair value of each stock option granted (excluding the Ergen 2020 Performance Award) for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was estimated at the date of the grant using a Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following assumptions:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Stock Options	2023							2022							2021
Risk-free interest rate		3.58	%	-		4.61	%		1.35	%	-		4.02	%		0.48	%	-		1.11	%
Volatility factor		34.30	%	-		41.25	%		32.67	%	-		34.84	%		29.91	%	-		34.51	%
Expected term of options in years		4.1		-		6.6			4.1		-		6.0			4.0		-		5.9
Fair value of options granted	$	7.40		-	$	7.77		$	5.97		-	$	9.27		$	6.20		-	$	8.32

While we currently do not intend to declare dividends on our Class A common stock, we may elect to do so from time to time. Accordingly, the dividend yield percentage used in the Black-Scholes option valuation model was set at zero for all periods. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded stock options which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. Consequently, our estimate of fair value may differ from other valuation models. Further, the Black-Scholes option valuation model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions. Changes in these subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate.

We will continue to evaluate the assumptions used to derive the estimated fair value of our stock options as new events or changes in circumstances become known.

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Regulatory authorizations with finite lives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Finite Lived Assets	$ 1,224,358	$ 1,224,362
Accumulated Amortization	(1,051,466)	(868,573)
Amortization expense	183,000	156,000	$ 169,000
Intangible Assets With Regulatory Authorizations
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Finite Lived Assets	58,061	55,317
Accumulated Amortization	$ (38,490)	(31,946)
Useful life	13 years
Amortization expense	$ 5,000	4,000	4,000
Foreign currency translation adjustment	$ 1,000	$ 2,000	$ 1,000

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

3.Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

We present both basic earnings per share (“EPS”) and diluted EPS. Basic EPS excludes potential dilution and is computed by dividing “Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar” by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if stock awards were exercised and if our Convertible Notes were converted. The potential dilution from stock awards is accounted for using the treasury stock method based on the average market value of our Class A common stock for the reporting period. The potential dilution from conversion of the Convertible Notes is accounted for using the if-converted method, which requires that all of the shares of our Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes will be included in the calculation of diluted EPS assuming conversion of the Convertible Notes at the beginning of the reporting period (or at time of issuance, if later).

Merger with DISH Network

On the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Amended Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time, each share of DISH Network Class A Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time was converted into EchoStar Class A Common Stock equal to the Exchange Ratio. See Note 1 for further information. In addition, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Amended Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time, the Convertible Notes, the convertible note hedge transactions, and the warrant transactions changed into a right to convert or purchase EchoStar Class A Common Stock. See Note 10 for further information.

The following table presents EPS amounts for all periods and the basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding used in the calculation.


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

		(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income (loss)	$	(1,634,824)	$	2,536,892	$	2,521,435
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax		67,233		59,172		35,150
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar - Basic		(1,702,057)		2,477,720		2,486,285
Interest on dilutive Convertible Notes, net of tax (1)		—		—		—
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar - Diluted	$	(1,702,057)	$	2,477,720	$	2,486,285

Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Class A and B common stock:
Basic		270,842		270,102		275,117
Dilutive impact of Convertible Notes (2)		—		37,550		37,550
Dilutive impact of stock awards outstanding (2)		—		81		455
Diluted		270,842		307,733		313,122

Earnings per share - Class A and B common stock:
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	(6.28)	$	9.17	$	9.04
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	(6.28)	$	8.05	$	7.94

(1)	For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, substantially all of our interest expense was capitalized. See Note 2 for further information.

(2)

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the dilutive impact of 38 million weighted-average shares of Class A common stock were excluded from the computation of “Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar” because the effect would have been anti-dilutive as a result of the net loss attributable to EchoStar in the period.

Certain stock awards to acquire our Class A common stock are not included in the weighted-average common shares outstanding above, as their effect is anti-dilutive. In addition, vesting of performance/market based options and rights to acquire shares of our Class A common stock granted pursuant to our performance based stock incentive plans (“Restricted Performance Units”) are both contingent upon meeting certain goals, some of which are not yet probable of being achieved. Furthermore, the warrants that we issued to certain option counterparties in connection with the Convertible Notes due 2026 are only exercisable at their expiration if the market price per share of our Class A common stock is greater than the strike price of the warrants, which is at price ranges of approximately $185.75 to $245.33 per share (adjusted per share price pursuant to the Amended Merger Agreement), subject to certain adjustments. As a consequence, the following are not included in the diluted EPS calculation.


	As of December 31,
	2023	2022	2021

	(In thousands)
Anti-dilutive stock awards	10,906	9,680	7,426
Performance/market based options	4,631	5,285	4,896
Restricted Performance Units/Awards	-	388	467
Common stock warrants	16,151	16,151	16,151
Total	31,688	31,504	28,940

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations - Interest on Long-Term Debt (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item	Jan. 26, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022	Nov. 15, 2022 USD ($)	Nov. 26, 2021 USD ($)	May 24, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 01, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 17, 2017 USD ($)	Aug. 08, 2016 USD ($)	Jul. 27, 2016 USD ($)	Jun. 13, 2016 USD ($)	Nov. 20, 2014 USD ($)
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	0.25%
2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 \| DISH Network L.L.C.
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	2.375%		2.375%
Number of remaining interest payment due \| item	1
Aggregate principal amount								$ 1,000,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 23,750
5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.875%		5.875%
Aggregate principal amount												$ 2,000,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 117,500
7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026 \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.75%		7.75%
Aggregate principal amount											$ 2,000,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 155,000
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| DISH Network L.L.C.
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	3.375%		3.375%
Aggregate principal amount									$ 3,000,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 101,250
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount					$ 2,750,000
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.25%		5.25%
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 144,375
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 \| HSSC
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.25%		5.25%
Aggregate principal amount										$ 750,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 39,375
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount		$ 1,500,000		$ 2,000,000
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 \| DISH Network L.L.C.
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	11.75%		11.75%
Aggregate principal amount	$ 1,500,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 411,250
7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028 \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	7.375%		7.375%
Aggregate principal amount							$ 1,000,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 73,750
5 1/8 % Senior Notes due 2029 \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.125%		5.125%
Aggregate principal amount						$ 1,500,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 76,875
6 5/8% Senior Notes due 2026 \| HSSC
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	6.625%		6.625%
Aggregate principal amount										$ 750,000
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 49,688
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount					$ 2,500,000
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 \| DISH DBS Corporation ("DBS")
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)	5.75%		5.75%
Annual Debt Service Requirements	$ 143,750

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Estimated Future Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets	$ 1,224,358	$ 1,224,362
Accumulated Amortization	(1,051,466)	(868,573)
Amortization expense	183,000	156,000	$ 169,000
Impairment of goodwill	757,508
Estimated future amortization of identifiable intangible assets
2024	97,918
2025	15,812
2026	14,115
2027	12,851
2028	12,357
Thereafter	19,617
Total	$ 172,670
Minimum
Intangible Assets
Useful life	2 years
Maximum
Intangible Assets
Useful life	20 years
Technology-based
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets	$ 115,166	114,945
Accumulated Amortization	(111,989)	(111,422)
Trademarks
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets	164,834	164,834
Accumulated Amortization	(90,326)	(78,209)
Contract-based
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets	41,500	41,500
Accumulated Amortization	(41,500)	(41,500)
Customer relationships
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets	902,858	903,083
Accumulated Amortization	$ (807,651)	$ (637,442)

Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)
Total revenue	$ 4,162,596	$ 4,108,874	$ 4,356,462	$ 4,387,666	$ 4,533,017	$ 4,581,914	$ 4,698,483	$ 4,820,832	$ 17,015,598	$ 18,634,246	$ 19,818,678
Operating income (loss)	(852,126)	(31,349)	252,228	353,338	427,514	472,349	738,535	594,440	(277,909)	2,232,838	3,422,404
Net income (loss)	(2,021,624)	(118,737)	232,692	272,845	1,001,446	448,110	550,094	537,242	(1,634,824)	2,536,892	2,521,435
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar	$ (2,029,882)	$ (138,371)	$ 212,662	$ 253,534	$ 984,264	$ 433,608	$ 536,314	$ 523,534	$ (1,702,057)	$ 2,477,720	$ 2,486,285
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar (In dollar per share)	$ (7.48)	$ (0.51)	$ 0.79	$ 0.94	$ 3.65	$ 1.61	$ 1.98	$ 1.93	$ (6.28)	$ 9.17	$ 9.04
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar (In dollar per share)	$ (7.48)	$ (0.51)	$ 0.69	$ 0.82	$ 3.21	$ 1.41	$ 1.74	$ 1.69	$ (6.28)	$ 8.05	$ 7.94

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.

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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

- Definition

The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

12.Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

Capital Stock

Merger with DISH Network

At the Effective Time of the Merger, (1) each share of DISH Network Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, other than shares held directly by DISH Network as treasury shares or held by EchoStar or Merger Sub, was converted automatically into 0.350877 shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock, and (2) each share of DISH Network Class B Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, other than shares held directly by DISH Network as treasury shares or held by EchoStar or Merger Sub, was converted automatically into 0.350877 shares of EchoStar Class B Common Stock, resulting in the issuance of 104 million shares of EchoStar Class A Common Stock, which includes 23 million shares of treasury stock that were reissued, and 84 million shares of EchoStar Class B Common Stock. At the Effective Time, each share of EchoStar Class A Common Stock outstanding and each share of EchoStar Class B Common Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, remained an outstanding share of EchoStar Class A Common Stock and an issued and outstanding share of EchoStar Class B Common Stock, respectively, and was not affected by the Merger. At the Effective Time, each share of EchoStar Class A Common Stock held directly by EchoStar as treasury shares immediately prior to the Effective Time, were reissued as part of the Merger.

Our certificate of incorporation authorizes the following capital stock: (i) 1,600,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001 per share; (ii) 800,000,000 shares of Class B common stock, par value $0.001 per share; (iii) 800,000,000 shares of Class C common stock, par value $0.001 per share; (iv) 800,000,000 shares of Class D common stock, par value $0.001 per share; and (v) 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were no outstanding shares of Class C common stock, Class D common stock or preferred stock.

Our Board of Directors is authorized to issue preferred stock and may divide such preferred stock into series and, with respect to each series, to determine the preferences and rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of the series, including, but not limited to, the dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, redemption rights and terms, liquidation preferences, sinking fund provisions, the number of shares constituting the series and the designation of such series.

Our Board of Directors may, without stockholder approval, issue additional preferred stock of existing or new series with voting and other rights that could adversely affect the voting power of the holders of common stock and could have certain anti-takeover effects.

Our Class A, Class B, and Class C common stock are equivalent except for voting rights. Holders of Class A and Class C common stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of Class B common stock are entitled to 10 votes per share. Each share of Class B and Class C common stock is convertible, at the option of the holder, into one share of Class A common stock. Our Class A common stock is publicly traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “SATS.” Upon a change in control of EchoStar, each holder of outstanding shares of Class C common stock is entitled to 10 votes for each share of Class C common stock held. Charles W. Ergen, our Chairman, and certain entities established for the benefit of his family beneficially own all outstanding Class B common stock. Our principal stockholder and certain entities established by him for the benefit of his family beneficially own all outstanding Class B common stock. Together with all other stockholders, he also owns outstanding Class A common stock. There are no shares of Class C common stock outstanding.

Any holder of Class D common stock is not entitled to a vote on any matter or to convert the shares of Class D common stock into any other class of common stock.

Each share of common stock is entitled to receive its pro rata share, based upon the number of shares of common stock held, of dividends and distributions upon liquidation.

Common Stock Repurchase Program

Our Board of Directors previously authorized stock repurchases of up to $500 million of our outstanding Class A common stock. On October 20, 2022, our Board of Directors extended this authorization to repurchase up to $500 million of our outstanding Class A common stock through and including December 31, 2023. This program expired December 31, 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2023 there were no repurchases of our Class A common stock.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
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Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Revenue Recognition

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

17.Revenue Recognition

Contract Balances

Our valuation and qualifying accounts as of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	59,790	$	53,122	$	87,665
Current period provision for expected credit losses		101,387		112,575		76,674
Write-offs charged against allowance		(87,113)		(109,856)		(111,463)
Acquisitions		—		78		92
Foreign currency translation		326		3,871		154
Balance at end of period	$	74,390	$	59,790	$	53,122

Contract assets arise when we recognize revenue for providing a service in advance of billing our customers. Our contract assets typically relate to our long-term contracts where we recognize revenue using the cost-based input method and the revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer.

Our contract assets also include receivables related to sales-type leases recognized over the lease term as the customer is billed. Contract assets are amortized as the customer is billed for services. Contract assets are recorded in “Trade accounts receivable, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table summarizes our contract asset balances:


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Contract assets	$	66,103	$	73,435

Contract liabilities arise when we bill our customers and receive consideration in advance of providing the service. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue when the service has been provided to the customer. Contract liabilities are recorded in “Deferred revenue and other” and “Long-term deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table summarizes our contract liability balances:


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Contract liabilities	$	710,456	$	802,823

Our beginning of period contract liability recorded as customer contract revenue during 2023 was $730 million.

Performance Obligations

Pay-TV and Retail Wireless Segments

We apply a practical expedient and do not disclose the value of the remaining performance obligations for contracts that are less than one year in duration, which represent a substantial majority of our revenue. As such, the amount of revenue related to unsatisfied performance obligations is not necessarily indicative of our future revenue.

Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

As of December 31, 2023, the remaining performance obligations for our customer contracts was approximately $1.740 billion. Performance obligations expected to be satisfied within one year and greater than one year are 27% and 73%, respectively. This amount and percentages exclude agreements with consumer customers.

Contract Acquisition Costs

The following table presents the activity in our contract acquisition costs, net:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	460,876	$	555,614	$	567,789
Additions		321,470		400,124		460,573
Amortization expense		(431,181)		(495,456)		(471,571)
Foreign currency translation		949		594		(1,177)
Balance at end of period	$	352,114	$	460,876	$	555,614

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
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Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Related Party Transactions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

TerreStar Solutions, Inc

Schedule of transactions with related party


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Revenue from TSI	$	1,930	$	1,951	$	1,924

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts receivable from TSI			$	—	$	485

Deluxe/EchoStar LLC

Schedule of transactions with related party


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Revenue from Deluxe	$	5,794	$	5,334	$	5,480

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts receivable from Deluxe			$	1,247	$	3,026

Broadband Connectivity Solutions (Restricted) Limited

Schedule of transactions with related party


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

Revenue from BCS	$	3,426	$	7,933	$	8,278

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts receivable from BCS			$	3,333	$	5,062

Hughes Systique

Schedule of transactions with related party


	For the Year Ended
	December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Purchases:
Purchases from Hughes Systique	$	19,597

	As of
	December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Amounts Payable:
Amounts payable to Hughes Systique	$	1,704

NagraStar L.L.C.

Schedule of transactions with related party


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Purchases (including fees):
Purchases from NagraStar	$	37,068	$	43,416	$	45,944

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts Payable and Commitments:
Amounts payable to NagraStar			$	9,821	$	7,422
Commitments to NagraStar			$	1,727	$	3,272

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Asset retirement obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Activity relating to our asset retirement obligations
Balance at beginning of period	$ 183,135	$ 51,551
Liabilities incurred	74,189	124,822
Accretion expense	20,963	6,762
Balance at end of period	278,287	183,135
Total	278,287	183,135
Corresponding assets, net of accumulated depreciation, related to asset retirement obligations	217,000	162,000
Other long-term liabilities
Activity relating to our asset retirement obligations
Balance at beginning of period	183,135
Balance at end of period	278,287	183,135
Total	$ 278,287	$ 183,135

Segment Reporting - Revenue from External Customers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting
Revenues	$ 4,162,596	$ 4,108,874	$ 4,356,462	$ 4,387,666	$ 4,533,017	$ 4,581,914	$ 4,698,483	$ 4,820,832	$ 17,015,598	$ 18,634,246	$ 19,818,678
Pay-TV \| Pay-TV subscriber and related revenue
Segment Reporting
Revenues									11,385,961	12,360,601	12,787,485
Pay-TV \| Equipment sales and other revenue
Segment Reporting
Revenues									185,198	144,791	141,222
Retail Wireless
Segment Reporting
Revenues									3,692,372	4,135,129	4,897,205
Retail Wireless \| Wireless services and related revenue
Segment Reporting
Revenues									3,337,240	3,653,909	4,142,883
Retail Wireless \| Equipment sales and other revenue
Segment Reporting
Revenues									355,132	481,220	754,322
5G Network Deployment
Segment Reporting
Revenues									91,928	65,768	73,889
5G Network Deployment \| Equipment sales and other revenue
Segment Reporting
Revenues									91,928	65,768	73,889
Broadband and satellite services
Segment Reporting
Revenues									1,755,559	1,998,093	1,985,720
Broadband and satellite services \| Broadband and satellite services and other revenue
Segment Reporting
Revenues									1,443,616	1,611,069	1,702,288
Broadband and satellite services \| Equipment sales and other revenue
Segment Reporting
Revenues									311,943	387,024	283,432
Eliminations
Segment Reporting
Revenues									(95,420)	(70,136)	(66,843)
Eliminations \| Eliminations services and related revenue
Segment Reporting
Eliminations									$ (95,420)	$ (70,136)	$ (66,843)

Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Leases

Leases

9.Leases

Lessee Accounting

We enter into non-cancelable operating and finance leases for, among other things, communication towers, satellites, satellite-related ground infrastructure, data centers, office space, dark fiber and transport equipment, warehouses and distribution centers, vehicles and other equipment. Substantially all of our leases have remaining lease terms from one to 13 years, some of which include renewal options, and some of which include options to terminate the leases within one year. For certain arrangements, the lease term includes the non-cancelable period plus the renewal period that we are reasonably certain to exercise.

Our Eutelsat 65 West A, Telesat T19V and EchoStar 105/SES-11 satellites are accounted for as finance leases within our Broadband and Satellite Services segment. Through the first quarter of 2022, our Anik F3 and Nimiq 5 satellites were accounted for as finance leases within our Pay-TV segment. However, during April 2022, we extended the Anik F3 lease and as a result it is currently accounted for as an operating lease. Substantially all of our remaining leases are accounted for as operating leases.

The components of lease expense were as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Operating lease cost (1)	$	538,805	$	355,871	$	111,336

Short-term lease cost (2)		4,765		4,914		4,800

Finance lease cost (3):
Amortization of right-of-use assets		102,724		57,942		95,237
Interest on lease liabilities		14,090		12,151		14,741
Total finance lease cost		116,814		70,093		109,978
Total lease costs	$	660,384	$	430,878	$	226,114

(1)	The increase in operating lease cost is primarily related to communication tower leases.

(2)	Leases that have terms of 12 months or less.

(3)

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	367,438	$	186,372	$	93,227
Operating cash flows from finance leases	$	13,400	$	11,060	$	12,917
Financing cash flows from finance leases	$	53,467	$	42,740	$	63,109

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
Operating leases	$	753,935	$	1,402,357	$	1,489,637
Finance leases	$	53,771	$	66,312	$	—

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Operating Leases:
Operating lease assets (1)	$	3,065,448	$	2,823,834

Other current liabilities (1)	$	317,395	$	210,855
Operating lease liabilities (1)		3,121,307		2,808,774
Total operating lease liabilities (1)	$	3,438,702	$	3,019,629

Finance Leases:
Property and equipment, gross	$	833,933	$	772,420
Accumulated depreciation		(520,344)		(425,696)
Property and equipment, net	$	313,589	$	346,724

Other current liabilities	$	56,459	$	48,066
Other long-term liabilities		67,199		75,287
Total finance lease liabilities	$	123,658	$	123,353

Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term:
Operating leases		10.6 years		11.8 years
Finance leases		2.2 years		2.7 years

Weighted Average Discount Rate:
Operating leases		9.5%		7.2%
Finance leases		9.7%		9.8%

(1)

Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2023 were as follows:


	Maturities of Lease Liabilities
	Operating		Finance
For the Years Ending December 31,	Leases		Leases		Total

	(In thousands)
2024	$	448,503	$	66,073	$	514,576
2025		485,783		35,392		521,175
2026		516,143		36,588		552,731
2027		515,022		2,574		517,596
2028		471,980		—		471,980
Thereafter		3,170,778		—		3,170,778
Total lease payments		5,608,209		140,627		5,748,836
Less: Imputed interest		(2,169,507)		(16,969)		(2,186,476)
Total		3,438,702		123,658		3,562,360
Less: Current portion		(317,395)		(56,459)		(373,854)
Long-term portion of lease obligations	$	3,121,307	$	67,199	$	3,188,506

Lessor Accounting

The following table presents our lease revenue by type of lease:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Lease revenue:
Sales-type lease revenue	$	13,431	$	8,777	$	8,726
Operating lease revenue		42,565		44,350		41,955
Total lease revenue	$	55,996	$	53,127	$	50,681

Substantially all of our net investment in sales-type leases consisted of lease receivables totaling $30 million and $22 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The following table presents future operating lease payments to be received as of December 31, 2023:


For the Years Ending December 31,	Total
	(In thousands)
2024	$	36,008
2025		31,803
2026		30,579
2027		25,752
2028		11,687
Thereafter		34,588
Total lease payments to be received	$	170,417

Leases - Lease Income Maturity (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Amounts
2024	$ 36,008
2025	31,803
2026	30,579
2027	25,752
2028	11,687
Thereafter	34,588
Total lease payments to be received	$ 170,417

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities - Investments Measured at Fair Value On A Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023	Oct. 25, 2023	Oct. 15, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Fair value of marketable securities
Debt securities		$ 475,000
Derivative's fair value		$ 0			$ 1,693,000
Derivative Asset, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]		Other Assets, Noncurrent			Other Assets, Noncurrent
The Amendment
Fair value of marketable securities
Upfront payment			$ 100,000	$ 100,000
Fair value measurements on recurring basis
Fair value of marketable securities
Cash Equivalents (including restricted)		$ 1,692,849			$ 2,216,929
Total		650,884			1,862,642
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| U.S. Treasury and agency securities
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		65,172			33,807
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Commercial paper
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		290,398			1,384,251
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Corporate securities
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		114,265			316,939
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Other (including restricted)
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		4,844			8,200
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Equity securities
Fair value of marketable securities
Equity securities		176,205			119,445
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 1
Fair value of marketable securities
Cash Equivalents (including restricted)		573,504			174,707
Total		231,653			148,449
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 1 \| U.S. Treasury and agency securities
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		65,172			33,807
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Other (including restricted)
Fair value of marketable securities
Total					4,985
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 1 \| Equity securities
Fair value of marketable securities
Equity securities		166,481			109,657
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 2
Fair value of marketable securities
Cash Equivalents (including restricted)		1,119,345			2,042,222
Total		419,087			1,714,049
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Commercial paper
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		290,398			1,384,251
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Corporate securities
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		114,265			316,939
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Other (including restricted)
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		4,700			3,071
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 2 \| Equity securities
Fair value of marketable securities
Equity securities		9,724			9,788
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 3
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		144			144
Fair value measurements on recurring basis \| Level 3 \| Other (including restricted)
Fair value of marketable securities
Total		144			$ 144
Boost Mobile Acquisition
Fair value of marketable securities
Spectrum purchase option fair value		$ 713,000
Spectrum Purchase Agreement
Fair value of marketable securities
Asset Purchase Agreement, Deadline to Divest Licenses, Extension Period	60 days

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Estimated future amortization of our identifiable intangible assets (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2024	$ 97,918
2025	15,812
2026	14,115
2027	12,851
2028	12,357
Thereafter	19,617
Total	172,670
Intangible Assets With Regulatory Authorizations
Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2024	5,607
2025	4,055
2026	4,055
2027	1,880
2028	589
Thereafter	3,385
Total	$ 19,571

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations - Narratives (Details) - USD ($)					12 Months Ended
	May 24, 2021	Jul. 01, 2020	Jun. 13, 2016	Nov. 20, 2014	Dec. 31, 2023	Jan. 26, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Nov. 15, 2022	Nov. 26, 2021	Dec. 21, 2020	Mar. 17, 2017	Aug. 08, 2016	Jul. 27, 2016
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					0.25%
Class A common stock
Debt Instrument
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)					$ 0.001		$ 0.001
2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 \| Class A common stock
Debt Instrument
Convertible notes converted rate, shares					4.268
Aggregate principal amount					$ 1,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)					$ 234.33
0% Convertible Notes due 2025 \| Class A common stock
Debt Instrument
Convertible notes converted rate, shares					8.566
Aggregate principal amount					$ 1,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)					$ 116.74
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| Class A common stock
Debt Instrument
Convertible notes converted rate, shares					5.383
Aggregate principal amount					$ 1,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)					$ 185.76
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| Class A common stock \| Convertible note hedges
Debt Instrument
Convertible notes converted into shares					46,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)					$ 65.18
Total cost of convertible notes					$ 635,000,000
Conversion of shares					16,000,000
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| Class A common stock \| Convertible note hedges \| DISH Network
Debt Instrument
Share price (in dollars per share)					$ 185.76
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| Class A common stock \| Common stock warrants
Debt Instrument
Convertible notes converted into warrants					46,000,000
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)					$ 86.08
Cash proceeds from the sale of warrants					$ 376,000,000
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount									$ 2,750,000,000
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 \| Prior to June 1, 2026
Debt Instrument
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 \| Prior to December 1, 2024
Debt Instrument
Term of loan					36 months
Debt Instrument, Redemption Price, Percentage of Principal Amount Redeemed					35.00%
Percentage of redemption price for each twelve-month period					10.00%
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					103.00%
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026 \| Prior to December 1, 2027
Debt Instrument
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount									$ 2,500,000,000
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 \| Prior to December 1, 2024
Debt Instrument
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					103.00%
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 \| Prior to December 1, 2027
Debt Instrument
Term of loan					36 months
Debt Instrument, Redemption Price, Percentage of Principal Amount Redeemed					35.00%
Percentage of redemption price for each twelve-month period					10.00%
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027
Debt Instrument
Aggregate principal amount						$ 1,500,000,000		$ 2,000,000,000.0
Threshold loan to value ratio					0.35
Period to obtain Initial appraisal of collateral					120 days
Period to obtain second appraisal of collateral					120 days
Fair value of collateral					$ 10,040,000,000.00
Period to add additional collateral after initial appraisal					60 days
Period to add additional collateral after second appraisal					90 days
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 \| Failure to Deliver Appraisal Within Specified Days [Member]
Debt Instrument
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					102.00%
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 \| Prior to December 1, 2027
Debt Instrument
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 \| Prior to May 15, 2025
Debt Instrument
Debt Instrument, Redemption Price, Percentage of Principal Amount Redeemed					40.00%
Early redemption percent of principal amount					111.75%
DDBS
Debt Instrument
Percentage of principal amount at which notes may be required to be repurchased in event of change of control					101.00%
DDBS \| 7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					7.75%		7.75%
Aggregate principal amount			$ 2,000,000,000.0
Term of loan			10 years
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
DDBS \| 7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					7.375%		7.375%
Aggregate principal amount		$ 1,000,000,000.0
Debt Instrument, Redemption Price, Percentage of Principal Amount Redeemed		35.00%
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount		100.00%
DDBS \| 5 1/8 % Senior Notes due 2029
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					5.125%		5.125%
Percentage of principal amount at which notes may be required to be repurchased in event of change of control					101.00%
Aggregate principal amount	$ 1,500,000,000
Debt Instrument, Redemption Price, Percentage of Principal Amount Redeemed	35.00%
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount	100.00%
DDBS \| 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					5.25%		5.25%
Percent of debt holders required to call debt					25.00%
DDBS \| 5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					5.75%		5.75%
DDBS \| 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					5.875%		5.875%
Aggregate principal amount				$ 2,000,000,000.0
Term of loan				10 years
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
HSSC \| 6 5/8% Unsecured Senior Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					6.625%		6.625%
Issue price as percent of principal													100.00%
Percentage of principal amount at which notes may be required to be repurchased in event of change of control					101.00%
Percent of debt holders required to call debt					25.00%
Aggregate principal amount													$ 750,000,000
HSSC \| 5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					5.25%		5.25%
Issue price as percent of principal													100.00%
Aggregate principal amount													$ 750,000,000.0
DISH Network
Debt Instrument
Principal amount of convertible notes into shares					$ 1,000,000
Conversion price per share					$ 0.350877
DISH Network \| 2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					2.375%		2.375%
Aggregate principal amount											$ 1,000,000,000.0
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
Conversion price per share					$ 4.2677
DISH Network \| 0% Convertible Notes due 2025
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					0.00%
Aggregate principal amount										$ 2,000,000,000.0
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
Conversion price per share					$ 8.5657
DISH Network \| 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					3.375%		3.375%
Aggregate principal amount												$ 3,000,000,000.0
Redemption price as a percentage of principal amount					100.00%
Principal amount of convertible notes into shares					$ 1,000,000
Conversion price per share					$ 5.3835
DISH Network \| 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027
Debt Instrument
Interest rate (as a percent)					11.75%		11.75%
Aggregate principal amount					$ 1,500,000,000
EchoStar \| Class A common stock
Debt Instrument
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)					$ 0.001
EchoStar \| 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| Class A common stock \| Common stock warrants
Debt Instrument
Conversion of convertible securities					16,000,000
EchoStar \| 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| Class A common stock \| Common stock warrants \| Maximum \| DISH Network
Debt Instrument
Share price (in dollars per share)					$ 245.33
EchoStar \| 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 \| Class A common stock \| Common stock warrants \| Minimum \| DISH Network
Debt Instrument
Share price (in dollars per share)					$ 185.75

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Schedule of property and equipment


	Depreciable			As of
	Life			December 31,		December 31,
	(In Years)			2023		2022

				(In thousands)
Equipment leased to customers	2	-	5	$	1,977,450	$	2,161,173
Satellites	5	-	15		4,168,766		3,527,788
Satellites acquired under finance lease agreements		15			712,832		705,090
Furniture, fixtures, equipment and other	1	-	20		1,691,389		1,479,063
5G Network Deployment equipment (1)	3	-	15		4,263,327		770,153
Software and computer equipment	2	-	6		2,503,597		2,026,648
Buildings and improvements	1	-	40		538,815		497,386
Land		-			46,675		46,638
Construction in progress		-			1,844,338		3,979,145
Total property and equipment					17,747,189		15,193,084
Accumulated depreciation					(8,185,355)		(7,288,127)
Property and equipment, net				$	9,561,834	$	7,904,957

(1)	Includes 5G Network Deployment assets acquired under finance lease agreements.

Schedule of construction in progress


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Pay-TV	$	162,055	$	36,936
Retail Wireless		—		—
5G Network Deployment		1,639,945		3,133,687
Broadband and Satellite Services (1)		42,338		808,522
Total construction in progress	$	1,844,338	$	3,979,145

(1)

Schedule of depreciation and amortization expense


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Equipment leased to customers	$	329,449	$	400,651	$	473,130
Satellites		264,433		268,994		318,685
Buildings, furniture, fixtures, equipment and other		144,722		98,762		96,658
5G Network Deployment equipment		371,640		29,992		8,263
Software and computer equipment		270,200		185,538		118,671
Intangible assets and other amortization expense		217,479		190,958		198,539
Total depreciation and amortization	$	1,597,923	$	1,174,895	$	1,213,946

Schedule of asset retirement obligations


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	183,135	$	51,551
Liabilities incurred		74,189		124,822
Accretion expense		20,963		6,762
Revision to estimated cash flows		—		—
Balance at end of period	$	278,287	$	183,135

Total included in Other long-term liabilities	$	278,287	$	183,135

Schedule of goodwill


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Pay-TV	$	—	$	6,457
Retail Wireless		—		98,657
5G Network Deployment		—		119,903
Broadband and Satellite Services		—		532,491
Total goodwill	$	—	$	757,508

Schedule of identifiable intangibles subject to amortization


	As of
	December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Intangible		Accumulated		Intangible		Accumulated
	Assets		Amortization		Assets		Amortization

	(In thousands)
Technology-based	$	115,166	$	(111,989)	$	114,945	$	(111,422)
Trademarks		164,834		(90,326)		164,834		(78,209)
Contract-based		41,500		(41,500)		41,500		(41,500)
Customer relationships		902,858		(807,651)		903,083		(637,442)
Total	$	1,224,358	$	(1,051,466)	$	1,224,362	$	(868,573)

Schedule of estimated future amortization of identifiable intangible assets

Estimated future amortization of our identifiable intangible assets as of December 31, 2023 is as follows (in thousands):


For the Years Ended December 31,
	(In thousands)
2024	$	97,918
2025		15,812
2026		14,115
2027		12,851
2028		12,357
Thereafter		19,617
Total	$	172,670

Schedule of Regulatory Authorizations

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our Regulatory Authorizations with indefinite lives consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Owned:
DBS Licenses	$	677,409	$	677,409
700 MHz Licenses		711,871		711,871
AWS-4 Licenses		1,940,000		1,940,000
H Block Licenses		1,671,506		1,671,506
600 MHz Licenses		6,213,335		6,212,579
MVDDS Licenses		24,000		24,000
28 GHz Licenses		2,883		2,883
24 GHz Licenses		11,772		11,772
37 GHz, 39 GHz & 47 GHz Licenses		202,533		202,533
3550-3650 MHz Licenses		912,939		912,939
3.7-3.98 GHz Licenses		2,969		2,688
3.45-3.55 GHz Licenses		7,327,989		7,327,989
1695-1710 MHz, 1755-1780 MHz, and 2155-2180 MHz		972		—
AWS-3		5,618,930		5,618,930
Subtotal		25,319,108		25,317,099
Noncontrolling Investments:
SNR		4,271,459		4,271,459

Capitalized Interest (1)		8,523,682		7,344,515
Total	$	38,114,249	$	36,933,073

(1)	See Note 2 for further information.

Regulatory Authorizations – Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our Regulatory Authorizations for our Broadband and Satellite Services segment with indefinite lives consisted of the following:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
95 W	$	200,000	$	200,000
107 W		200,000		200,000
Sirion-1 Filing		39,160		39,160
Total	$	439,160	$	439,160

Schedule of finite lived intangible assets with regulatory authorizations

As of

December 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

Finite Lived

Accumulated

Finite Lived

Accumulated

Assets

Amortization

Assets

Amortization

(In thousands)

Total

58,061

(38,490)

55,317

(31,946)

Schedule of finite lived intangible assets with regulatory authorizations future amortization expense


For the Years Ended December 31,
	(In thousands)
2024	$	5,607
2025		4,055
2026		4,055
2027		1,880
2028		589
Thereafter		3,385
Total	$	19,571

Pay-TV

Schedule Of satellites


		Degree	Lease
	Launch	Orbital	Termination
Satellites	Date	Location	Date
Owned:
EchoStar X	February 2006	110	N/A
EchoStar XI	July 2008	110	N/A
EchoStar XIV	March 2010	119	N/A
EchoStar XV	July 2010	61.5	N/A
EchoStar XVI	November 2012	61.5	N/A
EchoStar XVIII	June 2016	61.5	N/A
EchoStar XXIII	March 2017	110	N/A

Under Construction:
EchoStar XXV	2026	110	N/A

Leased from Other Third-Party:
Anik F3	April 2007	118.7	April 2025
Nimiq 5	September 2009	72.7	September 2024

Broadband and Satellite Services

Schedule Of satellites


		Degree	Lease
	Launch	Orbital	Termination
Satellites	Date	Location	Date
Owned:
EchoStar IX	August 2003	121	N/A
EchoStar XVII	July 2012	107	N/A
EchoStar XIX	December 2016	97.1	N/A
EchoStar XXI	June 2017	10.25	N/A
Al Yah 3	January 2018	20	N/A
EchoStar XXIV	July 2023	95.2	N/A

Leased from Other Third-Party:
Eutelsat 65 West A	March 2016	65	July 2031
Telesat T19V	July 2018	63	August 2033
EchoStar 105/SES-11	October 2017	105	November 2028

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Marketable investment securities, restricted cash and other investment securities
Total current marketable investment securities	$ 623,044	$ 1,809,898
Total marketable investment securities	650,884	1,862,642
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	90,225	64,267
Equity method investments	169,038	213,178
Cost method investments	106,134	142,057
Fair value method and other debt investments	39,198	169,670
Total other investment securities	314,370	524,905
Total marketable investment securities, restricted cash and cash equivalents, and other investment securities	1,055,479	2,451,814
Current marketable investment securities - strategic - available-for-sale
Marketable investment securities, restricted cash and other investment securities
Total current marketable investment securities	144	144
Current marketable investment securities - strategic - trading/equity
Marketable investment securities, restricted cash and other investment securities
Total current marketable investment securities	176,205	119,445
Other investment securities
Marketable investment securities, restricted cash and other investment securities
Total current marketable investment securities	446,695	1,690,309
Restricted marketable investment securities
Marketable investment securities, restricted cash and other investment securities
Total marketable investment securities	$ 27,840	$ 52,744

Segment Reporting

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting

16.Segment Reporting

Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and regularly evaluated by the chief operating decision maker(s) of an enterprise. Operating income is the primary measure used by our chief operating decision maker to evaluate segment operating performance. We currently operate four primary business segments: (1) Pay-TV; (2) Retail Wireless; (3) 5G Network Deployment; and (4) Broadband and Satellite Services. See Note 1 for further information.

All other and eliminations primarily include intersegment eliminations related to intercompany debt and the related interest income and interest expense, which are eliminated in consolidation.

The total assets, revenue and operating income, and purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to Regulatory authorizations) by segment were as follows:


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Total assets:
Pay-TV	$	49,437,958	$	46,295,495
Retail Wireless		777,957		2,798,561
5G Network Deployment (1)		46,793,378		43,462,442
Broadband and Satellite Services		5,811,553		6,254,050
Eliminations (1)		(45,711,952)		(40,062,267)
Total assets	$	57,108,894	$	58,748,281

(1)	The increase primarily resulted from intercompany advances for capital expenditures related to our 5G Network Deployment.



					5G Network		Broadband and		All Other &		Consolidated
	Pay-TV		Retail Wireless		Deployment		Satellite Services		Eliminations		Total

	(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Total revenue	$	11,571,159		3,692,372	$	91,928	$	1,755,559	$	(95,420)	$	17,015,598
Depreciation and amortization		381,292		221,968		620,685		419,262		(45,284)		1,597,923
Operating income (loss)		2,699,810		(643,184)		(1,881,369)		(458,609)		5,443		(277,909)
Interest income		2,604,599		27		3,041		105,730		(2,506,023)		207,374
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized		(1,290,099)		(64,565)		(1,186,468)		(55,670)		2,506,445		(90,357)
Other, net		74,114		(1,793,387)		(22,603)		(29,287)		371		(1,770,792)
Income tax (provision) benefit, net		(578,739)		201,091		749,311		(74,803)		—		296,860
Net income (loss)		3,509,685		(2,300,018)		(2,338,088)		(512,639)		6,236		(1,634,824)

Year Ended December 31, 2022
Total revenue	$	12,505,392	$	4,135,129	$	65,768	$	1,998,093	$	(70,136)	$	18,634,246
Depreciation and amortization		428,471		177,914		131,566		462,748		(25,804)		1,174,895
Operating income (loss)		2,933,898		(77,264)		(810,968)		181,615		5,557		2,232,838
Interest income		1,872,645		5		—		50,900		(1,830,310)		93,240
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized		(1,036,829)		(49,123)		(766,703)		(57,169)		1,830,607		(79,217)
Other, net		1,264		1,012,147		25,571		49,846		(387)		1,088,441
Income tax (provision) benefit, net		(911,955)		(219,720)		399,939		(66,674)		—		(798,410)
Net income (loss)		2,859,023		666,045		(1,152,161)		158,518		5,467		2,536,892

Year Ended December 31, 2021
Total revenue	$	12,928,707	$	4,897,205	$	73,889	$	1,985,720	$	(66,843)	$	19,818,678
Depreciation and amortization		538,836		176,833		23,005		496,361		(21,089)		1,213,946
Operating income (loss)		3,075,579		343,785		(216,330)		209,042		10,328		3,422,404
Interest income		1,346,502		6		—		22,801		(1,335,406)		33,903
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized		(819,510)		(1,309)		(530,525)		(95,512)		1,335,705		(111,151)
Other, net		(2,917)		26,695		(3,221)		(15,951)		110		4,716
Income tax (provision) benefit, net		(853,363)		(95,982)		186,534		(65,626)		—		(828,437)
Net income (loss)		2,746,291		273,195		(563,542)		54,754		10,737		2,521,435


							Broadband
					5G Network		and Satellite
	Pay-TV		Retail Wireless		Deployment		Services		Eliminations		Total

	(In thousands)
Year Ended December 31, 2023
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$	242,736	$	—	$	3,748,624	$	233,423	$	—	$	4,224,783

Year Ended December 31, 2022
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$	131,093	$	—	$	3,580,518	$	325,891	$	(2,721)	$	4,034,781

Year Ended December 31, 2021
Purchases of property and equipment, net of refunds, (including capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations)	$	173,485	$	—	$	1,790,042	$	438,430	$	(4,760)	$	2,397,197

Geographic Information. Revenue is attributed to geographic regions based upon the customer billing location. Long-lived assets are associated with the geographic regions based upon the location where the asset resides. Geographic regions consist of: (i) North America, including the U.S. and its territories, Mexico, and Canada; (ii) Foreign, including South and Central America, Asia, Africa, Australia, Europe, India, and the Middle East.

The following table summarizes revenue by geographic region:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Revenue:	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
North America	$	16,670,377	$	18,244,417	$	19,479,649
Foreign		345,221		389,829		339,029
Total revenue	$	17,015,598	$	18,634,246	$	19,818,678

The following table summarizes long-lived assets by geographic region:


	As of December 31,
Long-lived assets:	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
North America	$	50,965,318	$	47,829,433
Foreign		234,944		294,962
Total long-lived assets	$	51,200,262	$	48,124,395

The revenue from external customers disaggregated by major revenue source was as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Category:	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Pay-TV subscriber and related revenue	$	11,385,961	$	12,360,601	$	12,787,485
Retail wireless services and related revenue		3,337,240		3,653,909		4,142,883
Broadband and satellite services and other revenue		1,443,616		1,611,069		1,702,288
Pay-TV equipment sales and other revenue		185,198		144,791		141,222
Retail wireless equipment sales and other revenue		355,132		481,220		754,322
5G network deployment equipment sales and other revenue		91,928		65,768		73,889
Broadband equipment and other revenue		311,943		387,024		283,432
Eliminations		(95,420)		(70,136)		(66,843)
Total	$	17,015,598	$	18,634,246	$	19,818,678

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 280
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-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22

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+ Details

Stock-Based Compensation - Stock Award Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Stock option activity
Total options outstanding, end of period (in shares)	4,631,083
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Total options outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 84.20
Employee Stock Option [Member]
Stock option activity
Total options outstanding, beginning of period (in shares)	16,887,454
Granted (in shares)	1,653,280
Forfeited and cancelled (in shares)	(2,453,588)
Total options outstanding, end of period (in shares)	16,087,146	16,887,454
Exercisable at the end of the period (in shares)	6,332,074
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Total options outstanding, beginning of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 59.28
Granted (in dollars per share)	22.28
Forfeited and cancelled (in dollars per share)	59.25
Total options outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	55.48	$ 59.28
Exercisable, Weighted-Average Exercise Price (in dollars per share)	$ 50.88
Share-based compensation additional disclosures
Tax benefit from stock awards exercised	$ 1,384	$ 573	$ 4,457
Additional disclosures
Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding	$ 1
Options Outstanding, Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	6 years 9 months 3 days
Options Exercisable, Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life	5 years 4 months 6 days
Employee Stock Option [Member] \| Long-Term Performance Based Plans
Stock option activity
Total options outstanding, end of period (in shares)	4,631,083
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Total options outstanding at the end of the period (in dollars per share)	$ 84.20

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current Assets:
Allowance for credit losses on trade accounts receivable	$ 74,390	$ 59,790
Class A common stock
Current Assets:
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	1,600,000,000	1,600,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	140,153,020	138,128,368
Common stock, shares outstanding	140,153,020	138,128,368
Class B common stock
Current Assets:
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized	800,000,000	800,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	131,348,468	131,348,468
Common stock, shares outstanding	131,348,468	131,348,468

Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Cover Page - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2023	Feb. 20, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-33807
Entity Registrant Name	EchoStar Corporation
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NV
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-1232727
Entity Address, Address Line One	9601 South Meridian Boulevard
Entity Address, City or Town	Englewood
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80112
City Area Code	303) 723-1000
Local Phone Number	723-1000
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A common stock, $0.001 par value
Trading Symbol	SATS
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 585.3
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed in connection with its 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference in Part III.
Auditor Name	KPMG LLP
Auditor Firm ID	185
Auditor Location	Denver, Colorado
Entity Central Index Key	0001415404
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Class A common stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		140,170,052
Class B common stock
Document Information [Line Items]
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		131,348,468

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations

Schedule of carrying amount and fair value of our debt facilities


		As of
		December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Issuer	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value

		(In thousands)
5% Senior Notes due 2023 (1)	DDBS	$	—	$	—	$	1,443,179	$	1,441,635
2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 (2)	DISH		951,168		944,034		1,000,000		906,970
5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 (3)	DDBS		1,982,544		1,872,275		2,000,000		1,870,940
0% Convertible Notes due 2025 (4)	DISH		1,957,197		1,228,141		2,000,000		1,287,540
7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026	DDBS		2,000,000		1,388,060		2,000,000		1,620,280
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	HSSC		750,000		665,678		750,000		727,763
6 5/8% Senior Notes due 2026	HSSC		750,000		591,525		750,000		707,490
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 (5)	DISH		2,908,801		1,570,753		3,000,000		1,894,230
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	DDBS		2,750,000		2,366,073		2,750,000		2,336,813
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027 (6)	DISH		3,500,000		3,668,980		2,000,000		2,071,240
7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028	DDBS		1,000,000		600,160		1,000,000		708,320
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028	DDBS		2,500,000		2,013,125		2,500,000		2,013,675
5 1/8% Senior Notes due 2029	DDBS		1,500,000		774,600		1,500,000		976,755
Other notes payable			160,158		160,158		188,509		188,509
Subtotal			22,709,868	$	17,843,562		22,881,688	$	18,752,159
Unamortized deferred financing costs and other debt discounts, net			(69,606)				(108,921)
Finance lease obligations (7)			123,658				123,353
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations (including current portion)		$	22,763,920			$	22,896,120

(1)	We had repurchased or redeemed the principal balance of our 5% Senior Notes due 2023 as of March 15, 2023, the instrument’s maturity date.

(2)

(3)

(4)	During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately $43 million of our 0% Convertible Notes due 2025 in open market trades. The remaining balance of approximately $1.957 billion matures on December 15, 2025.

(5)	During the year ended December 31, 2023, we repurchased approximately $91 million of our 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 in open market trades. The remaining balance of approximately $2.909 billion matures on August 15, 2026.

(6)	On January 26, 2023, we issued an additional $1.5 billion aggregate principal amount of our 11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027.

(7)	Disclosure regarding fair value of finance leases is not required.

Schedule of interest on long-term debt


			Annual
		Semi-Annual	Debt Service
	Issuer	Payment Dates	Requirements
			(In thousands)
2 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2024 (1)	DISH	March 15 and September 15	$	23,750
5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 (2)	DDBS	May 15 and November 15	$	117,500
7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026	DDBS	January 1 and July 1	$	155,000
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	HSSC	February 1 and August 1	$	39,375
6 5/8% Senior Notes due 2026	HSSC	February 1 and August 1	$	49,688
3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026	DISH	February 15 and August 15	$	101,250
5 1/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2026	DDBS	June 1 and December 1	$	144,375
11 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2027	DISH	May 15 and November 15	$	411,250
7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028	DDBS	January 1 and July 1	$	73,750
5 3/4% Senior Secured Notes due 2028	DDBS	June 1 and December 1	$	143,750
5 1/8% Senior Notes due 2029	DDBS	June 1 and December 1	$	76,875

(1)

(2)	Our 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 mature on November 15, 2024 and have been reclassified to “Current portion of long-term debt and finance lease obligations” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023.

Schedule of other long term debt and capital lease obligations


	As of December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Satellites and other finance lease obligations	$	123,658	$	123,353
Notes payable related to satellite vendor financing and other debt payable in installments through 2032 with interest rates ranging from approximately 0% to 11.4%		160,158		188,509
Total		283,816		311,862
Less: current portion		(112,942)		(109,380)
Other long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current portion	$	170,874	$	202,482

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of long-debt instruments or arrangements, including identification, terms, features, collateral requirements and other information necessary to a fair presentation. These are debt arrangements that originally required repayment more than twelve months after issuance or greater than the normal operating cycle of the entity, if longer.

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+ Details

Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Income Taxes and Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes
NOL for federal income tax purposes	$ 267,000
NOL benefit for state income tax purposes	292,000
Foreign NOL carryfowards	219,000
Tax benefit related to credit carryforwards	287,000
Current (benefit) provision:
Federal	(7,484)	$ (1,283)	$ 135,759
State	39,441	70,707	47,115
Foreign	8,405	(601)	5,855
Total current (benefit) provision	40,362	68,823	188,729
Deferred (benefit) provision:
Federal	(308,917)	638,077	538,979
State	(150,108)	93,755	87,319
Foreign	(45,006)	(20,965)	(34,809)
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance	166,809	18,720	48,219
Total deferred (benefit) provision	(337,222)	729,587	639,708
Total (benefit) provision	(296,860)	798,410	828,437
Income (loss) before income taxes	(1,931,684)	$ 3,335,302	$ 3,349,872
Portion of Income (loss) before income taxes related to foreign operations	$ 172,000
Reconciliation of amounts computed by applying the statutory Federal tax rate to income before taxes
Statutory rate (as a percent)	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
State income taxes, net of federal benefit (as a percent)	(3.60%)	3.30%	3.20%
Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance	8.60%	0.60%	1.40%
Rates different than statutory	(1.10%)	(0.50%)	(0.50%)
Tax credit	(3.80%)	(0.80%)	(0.50%)
Impairments	6.00%
Other, net	(0.50%)	0.30%	0.10%
Total (benefit) provision for income taxes	(15.40%)	23.90%	24.70%
Deferred tax assets:
NOL, interest, credit and other carryforwards	$ 1,322,706	$ 666,789
Accrued and prepaid expenses	966,445	759,981
Stock-based compensation	29,387	29,383
Unrealized (gains) losses on available for sale and other investments	222,769
Discount on convertible notes and convertible note hedge transaction, net	46,636	64,644
Deferred revenue	10,748	5,681
Other	10,096	11,050
Total deferred tax assets	2,608,787	1,537,528
Valuation allowance	(492,340)	(306,703)
Deferred tax asset after valuation allowance	2,116,447	1,230,825
Deferred tax liabilities:
Depreciation	(1,961,227)	(1,784,018)
Unrealized (gains) losses on available for sale and other investments		(241,297)
Regulatory authorizations and other intangible amortization	(3,960,608)	(3,491,625)
Bases differences in partnerships and cost method investments	(1,179,418)	(1,041,790)
Other liabilities	(21,227)	(18,840)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(7,122,480)	(6,577,570)
Net deferred tax asset (liability)	(5,006,033)	(5,346,745)
Reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits
Balance as of beginning of period	569,601	539,113	$ 528,527
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	9,210	36,587	496
Additions based on tax positions related to prior years	41,522	16,369	12,200
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years	(7,219)	(21,541)	(1,482)
Reductions based on tax positions related to settlements with taxing authorities	(3,219)
Reductions based on tax positions related to the lapse of the statute of limitations	(352)	(927)	(628)
Balance as of end of period	$ 609,543	$ 569,601	$ 539,113

Segment Reporting - Revenue by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting
Total revenue	$ 4,162,596	$ 4,108,874	$ 4,356,462	$ 4,387,666	$ 4,533,017	$ 4,581,914	$ 4,698,483	$ 4,820,832	$ 17,015,598	$ 18,634,246	$ 19,818,678
North America
Segment Reporting
Total revenue									16,670,377	18,244,417	19,479,649
Foreign
Segment Reporting
Total revenue									$ 345,221	$ 389,829	$ 339,029

- Definition

+ References

+ Details

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities

Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities

6.Marketable Investment Securities, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, and Other Investment Securities

Our marketable investment securities, restricted cash and cash equivalents, and other investment securities consisted of the following:


	As of
	December 31,		December 31,
	2023		2022

	(In thousands)
Marketable investment securities:
Current marketable investment securities:
Strategic - available-for-sale	$	144	$	144
Strategic - trading/equity		176,205		119,445
Other		446,695		1,690,309
Total current marketable investment securities		623,044		1,809,898
Restricted marketable investment securities (1)		27,840		52,744
Total marketable investment securities		650,884		1,862,642

Restricted cash and cash equivalents (1)		90,225		64,267

Other investment securities, net:
Equity method investments		169,038		213,178
Cost method investments		106,134		142,057
Fair value method and other debt investments		39,198		169,670
Total other investment securities, net		314,370		524,905

Total marketable investment securities, restricted cash and cash equivalents, and other investment securities, net	$	1,055,479	$	2,451,814

(1)	Restricted marketable investment securities and restricted cash and cash equivalents are included in “Restricted cash, cash equivalents and marketable investment securities” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Marketable Investment Securities

Our marketable investment securities portfolio may consist of debt and equity instruments. All equity securities are carried at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in “Other, net” within “Other Income (Expense)” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). All debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. We report the temporary unrealized gains and losses related to changes in market conditions of marketable debt securities as a separate component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” within “Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit),” net of related deferred income tax on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The corresponding changes in the fair value of marketable debt securities, which are determined to be company specific credit losses are recorded in “Other, net” within “Other Income (Expense)” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See Note 2 for further information.

Current Marketable Investment Securities – Strategic

Our current strategic marketable investment securities portfolio includes and may include strategic and financial debt and/or equity investments in private and public companies that are highly speculative and have experienced and continue to experience volatility. As of December 31, 2023, this portfolio consisted of securities of a small number of issuers, and as a result the value of that portfolio depends, among other things, on the performance of those issuers. The fair value of certain of the debt and equity securities in this portfolio can be adversely impacted by, among other things, the issuers’ respective performance and ability to obtain any necessary additional financing on acceptable terms, or at all.

Current Marketable Investment Securities – Other

Our current other marketable investment securities portfolio includes investments in various debt instruments including, among others, commercial paper, corporate securities and United States treasury and/or agency securities.

Commercial paper consists mainly of unsecured short-term, promissory notes issued primarily by corporations with maturities ranging up to 365 days. Corporate securities consist of debt instruments issued by corporations with various maturities normally less than 18 months. U.S. Treasury and agency securities consist of debt instruments issued by the federal government and other government agencies.

Restricted Cash, Cash Equivalents and Marketable Investment Securities

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, our restricted marketable investment securities, together with our restricted cash and cash equivalents, included amounts required as collateral for our letters of credit and trusts.

Other Investment Securities, net

We have strategic investments in certain debt and/or equity securities that are included in noncurrent “Other investment securities, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our debt securities are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at fair value. Generally, our debt investments in non-publicly traded debt instruments without a readily determinable fair value are recorded at amortized cost. Our equity investments where we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Certain of our equity method investments are detailed below.

NagraStar L.L.C. We own a 50% interest in NagraStar L.L.C. (“NagraStar”), a joint venture that is our primary provider of encryption and related security systems intended to assure that only authorized customers have access to our programming. The three main technologies NagraStar provides to its customers are microchips, set-top box software, and uplink computer systems. NagraStar also provides end-to-end platform security testing services.

Invidi Technologies Corporation. We own a 35% interest in Invidi Technologies Corporation (“Invidi”), an entity that provides proprietary software for the addressable advertising market. Invidi contracts with multichannel video programming distributers to include its software in their respective set-top boxes and DVRs in order to deliver targeted advertisements based on a variety of demographic attributes selected by the advertisers. Invidi has also developed a cloud-based solution for internet protocol-based platforms.

TerreStar Solutions, Inc. We own a 40% interest in TerreStar Solutions, Inc. (“TSI”), an entity that provides wireless mobile communication coverage in Canada using a satellite user terminal. TSI’s wireless communications system is based on a satellite and ground-based technology, which provides communication services in hard-to-reach areas and provides a nationwide interoperable, survivable and critical communications infrastructure. TSI also holds and leases certain 2 GHz wireless spectrum licenses in Canada.

Deluxe/EchoStar LLC. We own 50% of Deluxe/EchoStar LLC (“Deluxe”), a joint venture that we entered into in 2010 to build an advanced digital cinema satellite distribution network targeting delivery to digitally equipped theaters in the U.S. and Canada.

Broadband Connectivity Solutions (Restricted) Limited. We own 20% of Broadband Connectivity Solutions (Restricted) Limited (together with its subsidiaries, “BCS”), a joint venture that we entered into in 2018 to provide commercial Ka-band satellite broadband services across Africa, the Middle East and southwest Asia operating over Yahsat’s Al Yah 2 and Al Yah 3 Ka-band satellites.

We also hold investments that are not accounted for using the equity method of accounting, which are measured at fair value. Investments in equity securities without readily determinable fair values are accounted for at cost, less impairment, and adjusted for observable price changes for identical or similar investments of the same issuer.

Our ability to realize value from our strategic investments in securities that are not publicly traded depends on, among other things, the success of the issuers’ businesses and their ability to obtain sufficient capital, on acceptable terms or at all, and to execute their business plans. Because private markets are not as liquid as public markets, there is also increased risk that we will not be able to sell these investments, or that when we desire to sell them we will not be able to obtain fair value for them.

Fair Value Measurements

Our investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis were as follows:


	As of
	December 31, 2023								December 31, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3

	(In thousands)
Cash equivalents (including restricted)	$	1,692,849	$	573,504	$	1,119,345	$	—	$	2,216,929	$	174,707	$	2,042,222	$	—

Debt securities (including restricted):
U.S. Treasury and agency securities	$	65,172	$	65,172	$	—	$	—	$	33,807	$	33,807	$	—	$	—
Commercial paper		290,398		—		290,398		—		1,384,251		—		1,384,251		—
Corporate securities		114,265		—		114,265		—		316,939		—		316,939		—
Other		4,844		—		4,700		144		8,200		4,985		3,071		144
Equity securities		176,205		166,481		9,724		—		119,445		109,657		9,788		—
Total	$	650,884	$	231,653	$	419,087	$	144	$	1,862,642	$	148,449	$	1,714,049	$	144

As of December 31, 2023, restricted and non-restricted marketable investment securities included debt securities of $475 million with contractual maturities within one year. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities as a result of our ability to sell these securities prior to maturity.

Derivative Instruments

We have the option to purchase certain of T-Mobile’s 800 MHz spectrum licenses from T-Mobile at a fixed price. This instrument meets the definition of a derivative and is valued based upon, among other things, our estimate of the underlying asset price, the expected term, volatility, the risk free rate of return and the probability of us exercising the option. The instrument acquisition date fair value was $713 million. The derivative is remeasured quarterly. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the derivative’s fair value was zero and $1.693 billion, respectively, and is included in “Other noncurrent assets, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in the derivative’s carrying value was primarily driven by a decrease in our estimated probability of exercising the option to zero. All changes in the derivative’s fair value are recorded in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). See the table below.

On June 30, 2023, the United States Department of Justice, Antitrust Division (the “DOJ”) provided notice to the United States District Court for the District of Columbia (the “District Court”) that, pursuant to its discretion under the Final Judgment, it granted a 60-day extension of the deadline for T-Mobile to divest the 800 MHz spectrum licenses, which expired on August 30, 2023.

On August 17, 2023, we filed a petition with the District Court seeking an extension of the deadline for T-Mobile to divest the 800 MHz spectrum licenses.

On October 15, 2023, we and T-Mobile entered into an amendment to the License Purchase Agreement (the “Amendment”) that, among other things, extends the date by which we may purchase the 800 MHz spectrum licenses to April 1, 2024 (the “Extension”). In connection with the Extension, we agreed to make an upfront payment of $100 million (the “Upfront Payment”) to T-Mobile. The Amendment also resolves all outstanding disputes between the parties with respect to the License Purchase Agreement. On October 25, 2023, we paid the $100 million Upfront Payment to T-Mobile.

Throughout 2023, we were actively involved in negotiations with counterparties to obtain the financing necessary to exercise the 800 MHz purchase option. However, we have been unsuccessful in our attempts to reach terms for a definitive financing agreement. Due to the relatively short time remaining before the 800 MHz purchase option’s expiration on April 1, 2024, we no longer believe it is probable that we will exercise the option. Therefore, we reduced the probability weighted value of the spectrum option to zero. As a result of the probability weighted derivative’s fair value being zero, during the fourth quarter and the year ended December 31, 2023, a loss of $1.601 billion and $1.793 billion, respectively, (both including the $100 million prepayment previously made to T-Mobile) was recorded in “Other, net” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). We still maintain the right to exercise the purchase option until it expires on April 1, 2024. If we elect to exercise the option and purchase these licenses, we will record the licenses at fair value at that date in “Regulatory authorizations, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and record a corresponding gain, net of our exercise price, on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

We account for our option to purchase certain T-Mobile’s 800 MHz spectrum licenses under the License Purchase Agreement as a Level 3 instrument within the fair value hierarchy.

Gains and Losses on Sales and Changes in Carrying Amounts of Investments and Other

“Other, net” within “Other Income (Expense)” included on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) is as follows:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Other, net:	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Marketable and non-marketable investment securities - realized and unrealized gains (losses) (1)	$	13,664	$	73,293	$	66,394
Derivative instruments - net realized and/or unrealized gains (losses) (2)		(1,793,387)		1,015,387		(13,000)
Other investment securities - other-than-temporary impairments (3)		(39,800)		—		(55,266)
Gains (losses) related to early redemption of debt (4)		73,024		(922)		(3,587)
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)		5,677		5,235		(12,612)
Equity in earnings (losses) of affiliates		(8,098)		(3,087)		(6,221)
Other		(21,872)		(1,465)		29,008
Total	$	(1,770,792)	$	1,088,441	$	4,716

(1)

(2)	The change in the derivative’s carrying value for the year ended December 31, 2023 was primarily driven by a decrease in our estimated probability of exercising the option. This amount includes the $100 million prepayment previously made to T-Mobile.

(3)

(4)	This change primarily resulted from repurchases of our Convertible Notes and 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 during the year ended December 31, 2023. See Note 10 for further information.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Other comprehensive income (loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax amount
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax amount	$ 15,723	$ 36,913	$ (23,609)
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax (expense) benefit
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax (expense) benefit	(512)	(359)	519
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	15,211	36,554	(23,090)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax amount
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, before tax	15,479	33,742	(17,885)
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax (expense) benefit
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, tax (expense) benefit	(503)	710	(482)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, net of tax	14,976	34,452	(18,367)
Unrealized/Recognized Gains (Losses)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax amount
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, before tax	(306)	536	(694)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	550	(25)	(25)
Other comprehensive income (loss), tax (expense) benefit
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, tax (expense) benefit	65	(1,071)	998
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), tax (expense) benefit	(74)	2	3
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, net of tax	(241)	(535)	304
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	$ 476	(23)	(22)
Other
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax amount
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, before tax		2,660	(5,005)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Other comprehensive income (loss), before reclassifications, net of tax		$ 2,660	$ (5,005)

Subsequent Events

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Subsequent Events

Subsequent Events

21.Subsequent Events

Asset Transfers

On January 10, 2024, DISH Network transferred certain of its wireless spectrum licenses, including AWS-4, H-Block, CBRS, C-Band - Cheyenne, 12GHz, LMDS, 24 GHz, 28 GHz, 37GHz, 39GHz and 47GHz to EchoStar Wireless Holding L.L.C., our direct wholly-owned subsidiary (the “Spectrum Transfer”). DISH Network retained ownership of certain other wireless spectrum licenses, including 600 MHz, 700 MHz, 3.45 GHz and AWS-3, of which 700 MHz and AWS-3 remain unencumbered, and DISH DBS. Prior to the Spectrum Transfer, DISH DBS designated a newly formed subsidiary of DISH Network LLC (the "DBS Subscriber Subsidiary") as an unrestricted subsidiary. DBS Subscriber Subsidiary holds approximately 3.0 million DISH TV subscribers immediately following the unrestricting of the entity.

In addition, DISH DBS, in its capacity as "Lender" under the terms of the Loan and Security Agreement related to the Intercompany Loan between DISH Network and DISH DBS, has consummated the assignment pursuant to such terms, without any modification or amendment thereto, of its receivable in respect to the 2026 Tranche to DBS Intercompany Receivable L.L.C. DBS Intercompany Receivable L.L.C. has subsequently assigned its rights as lender thereunder to EchoStar Intercompany Receivable Company L.L.C., our direct wholly-owned subsidiary, such that amounts owed in respect of the 2026 Tranche will now be paid by DISH Network to EchoStar Intercompany Receivable L.L.C.

DISH Network Exchange Offers

On January 12, 2023, we commenced offers (“the DISH Network Exchange Offers”) to exchange the 0% Convertible Notes due 2025 and the 3 3/8% Convertible Notes due 2026 issued by our subsidiary DISH Network, each for 10.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2030 to be issued by us, in each case, pursuant to the terms described in a preliminary prospectus and consent solicitation statement, dated January 12, 2024. On February 12, 2024, we announced the expiration and termination of the DISH Exchange Offers.

DISH DBS Exchange Offers

On January 16, 2024, we announced our wholly-owned subsidiary DISH DBS Issuer LLC (“DBS Issuer”) commenced offers (“the DISH DBS Exchange Offers”) to eligible holders to exchange the 5 7/8% Senior Notes due 2024 (the "DBS 2024 Notes"), the 7 3/4% Senior Notes due 2026, the 7 3/8% Senior Notes due 2028 (the "DBS 2028 Notes") and the 5 1/8% Senior Notes due 2029 (the "DBS 2029 Notes," and together with the DBS 2024 Notes, the DBS 2026 Notes and the DBS 2028 Notes, the "DISH DBS Unsecured Senior Notes" issued by DISH DBS), in the amounts and subject to the terms, in each case, described in the exchange offer memorandum and consent solicitation statement, dated January 16, 2024 (the "Exchange Offer Memorandum"). On January 29, 2024, we announced our wholly-owned subsidiary DISH DBS Issuer elected in its sole discretion to terminate the DBS Exchange Offers.

Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations - Other Long-Term Debt and Finance Lease Obligations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Other long-term debt and capital lease obligations
Total	$ 283,816	$ 311,862
Less current portion	(112,942)	(109,380)
Other long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current portion	$ 170,874	202,482
Interest rate (as a percent)	0.25%
Finance lease obligations
Other long-term debt and capital lease obligations
Total	$ 123,658	123,353
Notes payable related to satellite vendor financing and other debt payable in installments through 2025 with interest rates ranging from approximately 6% to 13%
Other long-term debt and capital lease obligations
Total	$ 160,158	$ 188,509
Notes payable related to satellite vendor financing and other debt payable in installments through 2025 with interest rates ranging from approximately 6% to 13% \| Minimum
Other long-term debt and capital lease obligations
Interest rate (as a percent)	0.00%
Notes payable related to satellite vendor financing and other debt payable in installments through 2025 with interest rates ranging from approximately 6% to 13% \| Maximum
Other long-term debt and capital lease obligations
Interest rate (as a percent)	11.40%

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

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+ Details

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)	$ (1,634,824)	$ 2,536,892	$ 2,521,435
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	1,597,923	1,174,895	1,213,946
Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill	761,099	711	245
Realized and unrealized losses (gains) on investments, impairments and other	(46,888)	(72,371)	(7,541)
Realized and unrealized losses (gains) on derivatives	1,693,387	(1,015,387)	13,000
Non-cash, stock-based compensation	51,514	82,994	59,379
Deferred tax expense (benefit)	(337,222)	729,587	639,708
Changes in allowance for credit losses	14,600	6,590	(34,635)
Change in long-term deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities	15,825	83,453	65,943
Other, net	166,383	253,784	135,871
Changes in current assets and current liabilities, net
Trade accounts receivable	20,622	(74,812)	206,995
Prepaid and accrued income taxes	15,836	(36,115)	81,197
Inventory	(37,981)	16,200	(175,918)
Other current assets	(40,290)	21,737	(47,144)
Trade accounts payable	4,108	90,721	86,219
Deferred revenue and other	(78,555)	(71,709)	(62,034)
Accrued programming and other accrued expenses	267,110	(105,980)	(41,293)
Net cash flows from operating activities	2,432,647	3,621,190	4,655,373
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Purchases of marketable investment securities	(2,407,546)	(1,965,859)	(6,338,641)
Sales and maturities of marketable investment securities	3,710,544	4,159,830	4,390,903
Purchases of property and equipment	(3,100,921)	(3,050,472)	(1,619,312)
Refunds and other receipts of purchases of property and equipment	38,611
Capitalized interest related to regulatory authorizations (Note 2)	(1,162,473)	(984,309)	(777,885)
Proceeds from other debt investments	148,448
Refund of FCC authorization deposit			337,490
Purchases of FCC authorizations, including deposits	(2,009)	(7,206,865)	(122,657)
Other, net	(33,386)	(11,900)	(116,621)
Net cash flows from investing activities	(2,808,732)	(9,059,575)	(4,246,723)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Repayment of long-term debt and finance lease obligations	(121,981)	(86,229)	(89,958)
Redemption and repurchases of senior notes	(1,460,635)	(2,056,821)	(2,901,818)
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes	1,500,000	2,000,000	6,750,000
Repurchases of convertible notes	(182,834)
Early debt extinguishment gains (losses)	73,024
Net proceeds from Class A common stock options exercised and stock issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	10,598	27,438	68,182
Purchase of Northstar Manager, LLC's ownership interest in Northstar Spectrum	(109,432)
Treasury share repurchase		(89,303)	(261,436)
Debt issuance costs and debt (discount) premium	21,635	(51,121)	(34,459)
Other, net	(7,496)	(18,413)	(15,507)
Net cash flows from financing activities	(277,121)	(274,449)	3,515,004
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	3,004	(2,306)	(3,749)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents	(650,202)	(5,715,140)	3,919,905
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period (Note 5)	2,561,803	8,276,943	4,357,038
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, end of period (Note 5)	$ 1,911,601	$ 2,561,803	$ 8,276,943

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

5.Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents the tax effect on each component of “Other comprehensive income (loss)” and excludes noncontrolling interest:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023						2022						2021
	Before		Tax		Net		Before		Tax		Net		Before		Tax		Net
	Tax		(Expense)		of Tax		Tax		(Expense)		of Tax		Tax		(Expense)		of Tax
	Amount		Benefit		Amount		Amount		Benefit		Amount		Amount		Benefit		Amount

	(In thousands)
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	15,479	$	(503)	$	14,976	$	33,742	$	710	$	34,452	$	(17,885)	$	(482)	$	(18,367)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities		(306)		65		(241)		536		(1,071)		(535)		(694)		998		304
Recognition of previously unrealized (gains) losses on available-for-sale securities included in net income (loss)		550		(74)		476		(25)		2		(23)		(25)		3		(22)
Other		—		—		—		2,660		—		2,660		(5,005)		—		(5,005)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	15,723	$	(512)	$	15,211	$	36,913	$	(359)	$	36,554	$	(23,609)	$	519	$	(23,090)

The “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” is detailed in the following table, net of tax and excludes noncontrolling interest:


		Foreign		Unrealized/
		Currency		Recognized
		Translation		Gains
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Adjustment		(Losses)	Other		Total

	(In thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	(209,499)	$	436	$	(2,758)	$	(211,821)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		34,452		—		—		34,452
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification		—		(535)		2,660		2,125
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		—		(23)		—		(23)
Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	(175,047)	$	(122)	$	(98)	$	(175,267)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		14,878		—		98		14,976
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification		—		(241)		—		(241)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		—		476		—		476
Balance as of December 31, 2023	$	(160,169)	$	113	$	—	$	(160,056)

Related Party Transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions

20.Related Party Transactions

TerreStar Solutions

We own 40% of TSI. In May 2018, we and TSI entered into an equipment and services agreement pursuant to which we design, manufacture and install upgraded ground communications network equipment for TSI’s network and provide, among other things, warranty and support services.

The table below summarizes our transactions with TSI:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Revenue from TSI	$	1,930	$	1,951	$	1,924

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts receivable from TSI			$	—	$	485

Deluxe/EchoStar LLC

We own 50% of Deluxe, a joint venture that we entered into in 2010 to build an advanced digital cinema satellite distribution network targeting delivery to digitally equipped theaters in the U.S. and Canada.

The table below summarizes our transactions with Deluxe:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Revenue from Deluxe	$	5,794	$	5,334	$	5,480

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts receivable from Deluxe			$	1,247	$	3,026

Broadband Connectivity Solutions (Restricted) Limited

We own 20% of BCS, a joint venture that we entered into in 2018 to provide commercial Ka-band satellite broadband services across Africa, the Middle East and southwest Asia operating over Yahsat’s Al Yah 2 and Al Yah 3 Ka-band satellites.

The table below summarizes our transactions with BCS:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

Revenue from BCS	$	3,426	$	7,933	$	8,278

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts receivable from BCS			$	3,333	$	5,062

Hughes Systique

We own 42% of Hughes Systique and contract with Hughes Systique for software development services. Prior to December 31, 2023, we consolidated Hughes Systique’s financial statements into our Consolidated Financial Statements, see Note 19 for further information. As of December 31, 2023, we have deconsolidated the Hughes Systique results from our Consolidated Financial Statements and recorded the investment as a cost method investment in “Other investments, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The table below summarizes our transactions with Hughes Systique:


	For the Year Ended
	December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Purchases:
Purchases from Hughes Systique	$	19,597

	As of
	December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)
Amounts Payable:
Amounts payable to Hughes Systique	$	1,704

NagraStar L.L.C.

We own a 50% interest in NagraStar, a joint venture that is our primary provider of encryption and related security systems intended to assure that only authorized customers have access to our programming. Certain payments related to NagraStar are recorded in “Cost of services” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). In addition, certain other payments are initially included in “Inventory” and are subsequently capitalized as “Property and equipment, net” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets or expensed as “Selling, general and administrative expenses” or “Cost of services” on our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) when the equipment is deployed. We record all payables in “Trade accounts payable” or “Other accrued expenses” on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our investment in NagraStar is accounted for using the equity method.

The table below summarizes our transactions with NagraStar:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Purchases (including fees):
Purchases from NagraStar	$	37,068	$	43,416	$	45,944

			As of December 31,
			2023		2022

			(In thousands)
Amounts Payable and Commitments:
Amounts payable to NagraStar			$	9,821	$	7,422
Commitments to NagraStar			$	1,727	$	3,272

- Definition

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-2

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 5
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-5

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-6

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481062/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481062/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(g)(3))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(c))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 220
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(e))
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483575/946-220-S99-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//850/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-6

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 850
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1

+ Details

Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Option to extend - Operating	true
Option to extend - Finance	true
Option to terminate - Operating	true
Option to terminate - Finance	true
Annual Lease payment	$ 170,417
Minimum
Option to extend period - Operating	1 year
Maximum
Option to extend period - Operating	13 years
Option to extend period - Finance	13 years
Option to terminate period - Operating	1 year

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Additional Information (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Property and equipment
Impairment of long-lived assets \| $	$ 761,099	$ 711	$ 245
Number of other satellites to be relocated in the event of failure or loss of any satellite	1
Pay-TV Satellites
Property and equipment
Number of satellites utilized in geostationary orbit approximately 22,300 miles above the equator	9
Owned satellites	7
Number of satellites leased	2
Broadband and Satellite Services
Property and equipment
Number of satellites utilized in geostationary orbit approximately 22,300 miles above the equator	9
Owned satellites	6
Number of satellites leased	3

Revenue Recognition - Contract Asset and Contract Liability Balances (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Contract Asset and Contract Liability Balances
Contract assets	$ 66,103	$ 73,435
Contract liabilities	710,456	$ 802,823
Customer Contract
Contract Asset and Contract Liability Balances
Contract liabilities	$ 730,000

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Organization and Business Activities (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands									1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended			192 Months Ended
	Feb. 16, 2024 USD ($)	Oct. 12, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2023 item	Sep. 29, 2023 item	Sep. 29, 2023 person item	Sep. 29, 2023 item	Jun. 14, 2023 person	Jun. 14, 2022	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item segment $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item $ / shares	Nov. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Spectrum Investments
Number of primary operating business segments \| segment											4
Number of Pay-TV subscribers \| item											8,526,000			8,526,000
Agreement Term			6 months
Number Of wireless subscribers \| item											7,378,000			7,378,000
Payment to customer														$ 30,000,000
Regulatory Authorizations											$ 38,114,249			38,114,249
Total debt and equity investments in subsidiaries											$ 10,000,000			$ 10,000,000
Number of subscribers for broadband services \| item											1,004,000			1,004,000
Non-cash impairment charge											$ 761,099	$ 711	$ 245
Number of nationwide 5G commitments that are met \| item			2	2	2	2
Number of nationwide 5G commitments \| item			3	3	3	3
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services							73.00%
Percentage of Population to Whom Five G Broadband Service is Provided							50.00%
Number of Americans nationwide for deployment of 5G services					200	200,000,000	246,000,000
cash and cash equivalents and marketable investment securities											2,400,000			$ 2,400,000
Outstanding debt															$ 1,980,000	$ 951,000
Aggregate value	$ 438,000
Cost of services											9,510,427	$ 10,111,341	$ 10,717,333
Cyber Security
Spectrum Investments
Cost of services											30,000
MHz 700 Licenses and AWS-4 Licenses
Spectrum Investments
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services in each Economic Area							70.00%
Percentage of Population to Whom Five G Broadband Service is Provided							50.00%
H Block Licenses
Spectrum Investments
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services							70.00%
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services in each Economic Area							75.00%
Percentage of Population to Whom Five G Broadband Service is Provided							50.00%
Capitalized interest on FCC authorizations
Spectrum Investments
Regulatory Authorizations											$ 9,000,000			$ 9,000,000
Class A common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											$ 0.001	$ 0.001		$ 0.001
Class B common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											0.001	$ 0.001		0.001
Class C common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											$ 0.001			$ 0.001
Minimum \| MHz 700 Licenses and AWS-4 Licenses
Spectrum Investments
Minimum percentage of population having access to average download speed				70.00%			70.00%				70.00%
Sling TV Holding L.L.C.
Spectrum Investments
Number of Pay-TV subscribers \| item											2,055,000			2,055,000
EchoStar \| Class A common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											$ 0.001			$ 0.001
Common Stock at a ratio											0.350877
EchoStar \| Class B common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											$ 0.001			$ 0.001
Northstar Spectrum
Spectrum Investments
Purchase of ownership interests		$ 109,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco
Spectrum Investments
Total debt and equity investments in subsidiaries											$ 10,000,000			$ 10,000,000
Purchase of ownership interests		109,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco \| Subsequent event
Spectrum Investments
Purchase of ownership interests	$ 442,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco \| Northstar Spectrum
Spectrum Investments
Purchase of ownership interests		$ 109,000
DISH Network L.L.C.
Spectrum Investments
Number of Americans nationwide for deployment of 5G services \| person					250
DISH Network L.L.C. \| Class A common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											$ 0.01			$ 0.01
DISH Network L.L.C. \| Class B common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											0.01			0.01
DISH Network L.L.C. \| Class C common stock
Spectrum Investments
Common stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares											$ 0.01			$ 0.01
Dish TV
Spectrum Investments
Number of Pay-TV subscribers \| item											6,471,000			6,471,000
Retail Wireless
Spectrum Investments
Payment to customer											$ 30,000,000
Regulatory Authorizations											$ 25,319,108	$ 25,317,099		$ 25,319,108
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services								20.00%	70.00%	20.00%
Retail Wireless \| At least 50% by June 2023
Spectrum Investments
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services											50.00%
Retail Wireless \| Upto 70% by June 2023
Spectrum Investments
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services									70.00%
Retail Wireless \| Maximum
Spectrum Investments
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services											70.00%

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Use of Estimates

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Concentration of Credit Risk

Marketable Investment Securities

Receivables and Related Allowance for Credit Losses

General Accounts Receivable

Installments Receivable

Inventory

Property and Equipment

Internal Use Software

Asset Retirement Obligation

Other Investments

Equity Method Investments

Cost Method Investments

Other Debt Investments

Impairment Considerations

Derivative Instruments

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

DBS Satellites

Broadband Satellites

Finite-Lived Regulatory Authorizations

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets and Goodwill

●

FCC licenses are a non-depleting asset;

●

existing FCC licenses are integral to our business segments and will contribute to cash flows indefinitely;

●

replacement satellite applications are generally authorized by the FCC subject to certain conditions, without substantial cost under a stable regulatory, legislative and legal environment;

●

maintenance expenditures to obtain future cash flows are not significant;

●

FCC licenses are not technologically dependent; and

●

we intend to use these assets indefinitely.

DBS Licenses

Broadband Licenses

Wireless Spectrum Licenses

In 2023, we quantitatively assessed these licenses for impairment. Our quantitative assessment consisted of a market approach performed by a third party and reviewed by management.

Our spectrum holdings include low-band, lower mid-band, upper mid-band (collectively referred to as “Low-Mid Band Licenses”) and high-band licenses.

Changes in circumstances or market conditions could result in a write-down of any of the above Wireless spectrum licenses in the future.

Goodwill

No impairments were indicated for any reporting unit for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

The following table presents the changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill by operating segment:


Goodwill	Pay-TV		Retail Wireless		5G Network Deployment		Broadband and Satellite Services		Total

	(In thousands)

Balance as of December 31, 2021, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	6,457	$	98,657	$	119,903	$	511,086	$	736,103
Goodwill from India JV formation, net of foreign currency translation		—		—		—		21,405		21,405
Balance as of December 31, 2022, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	6,457	$	98,657	$	119,903	$	532,491	$	757,508
Impairment of goodwill		(6,457)		(98,657)		(119,903)		(532,491)		(757,508)
Balance as of December 31, 2023, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Accumulated impairment losses as of December 31, 2023	$	(6,457)	$	(98,657)	$	(119,903)	$	(532,491)	$	(757,508)

Capitalized Interest

Business Combinations

Long-Term Deferred Revenue and Other Long-Term Liabilities

Sales Taxes

Income Taxes

Fair Value Measurements

●

Level 1, defined as observable inputs being quoted prices in active markets for identical assets;

●

Convertible Long-Term Debt

Deferred Debt Issuance Costs and Debt Discounts

Revenue Recognition

Pay-TV Segment

Retail Wireless Segment

Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

Governmental Funding

Contract Balances

Assets Recognized Related to the Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer

Leases

Lessee Accounting

Lessor Accounting

Cost of Services

Pay-TV Segment

Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

Retail Wireless Segment

Cost of Sales - Equipment and Other

Cost of Sales – Equipment and Other

Pay-TV Segment

Broadband and Satellite Services Segment

Retail Wireless Segment

5G Network Deployment Segment

Advertising Costs

Research and Development

Research and development costs totaled $110 million, $110 million and $91 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Foreign Currency

New Accounting Pronouncements

We are evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures.

Employee Benefit Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Benefit Plans

13.Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Our employees may participate in the EchoStar employee stock purchase plan (the “ESPP”), in which we are authorized to issue up to 5.0 million shares of Class A common stock. At December 31, 2023, we had 0.5 million shares of Class A common stock which remain available for issuance under the ESPP. Substantially all full-time employees who have been employed by us for at least one calendar quarter are eligible to participate in the ESPP. Employee stock purchases are made through payroll deductions. Under the terms of the ESPP, employees may not deduct an amount which would permit such employee to purchase our capital stock under all of our stock purchase plans at a rate which would exceed $25,000 in fair value of capital stock in any one year. The purchase price of the stock is 85% of the closing price of the Class A common stock on the last business day of each calendar quarter in which such shares of Class A common stock are deemed sold to an employee under the ESPP.

401(k) Employee Savings Plans

We sponsor the DISH Network 401(k) Employee Savings Plan (the “DISH Network 401(k) Plan”) and the EchoStar 401(k) Employee Savings Plan (the “EchoStar 401(k) Plan”) (collectively referred to as the “401(k) Plans”) for eligible employees. Voluntary employee contributions to the 401(k) Plans may be matched 50% by us and under the EchoStar 401(k) Plan, subject to a maximum annual contribution of $7,500 per employee participating in the EchoStar 401(k) Plan and $2,500 per employee participating in the DISH Network 401(k) Plan. Forfeitures of unvested participant balances which are retained by the 401(k) Plans may be used to fund matching and discretionary contributions. Our Board of Directors may also authorize an annual discretionary contribution to the 401(k) plans, subject to the maximum deductible limit provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. These contributions may be made in cash or in our stock.

The following table summarizes the expense associated with our matching contributions and discretionary contributions:


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Expense Recognized Related to the 401(k) Plan	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Matching contributions, net of forfeitures	$	20,379	$	18,275	$	14,346
Discretionary stock contributions, net of forfeitures	$	5,491	$	21,606	$	33,507

- Definition

The entire disclosure for retirement benefits.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 70
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480794/715-70-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 715
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 17
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480482/715-20-55-17

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1

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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480266/715-60-50-3

+ Details

Revenue Recognition - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenue Recognition
Balance at beginning of period	$ 59,790	$ 53,122	$ 87,665
Current period provision for expected credit losses	101,387	112,575	76,674
Write-offs charged against allowance	(87,113)	(109,856)	(111,463)
Acquisitions		78	92
Foreign currency translation	326	3,871	154
Balance at end of period	$ 74,390	$ 59,790	$ 53,122

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands			3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Oct. 12, 2023	Dec. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Feb. 16, 2024	Dec. 31, 2020
Accounting policy disclosures
Redeemable noncontrolling interests				$ 438,382	$ 464,359
Aggregate value							$ 438,000
Amortization expense related to the programs				431,181	495,456	$ 471,571
Total costs capitalized				$ 352,114	460,876	555,614		$ 567,789
Revenue, Practical Expedient, Financing Component [true false]				true
Option to extend - Operating				true
Option to terminate - Operating				true
Derivative Financial Instruments
Total noncash impairment charge				$ 758,000
Impairment, Intangible Asset, Finite-Lived, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]				Impairment of Long-Lived Assets Held-for-use
Impairments charges					0	0
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Impairment of long-lived assets				$ 761,099	711	245
Long-Term Deferred Revenue, Distribution and Carriage Payments
Deferred upfront payment, amortization period				10 years
Convertible debt reclassified per ASU 2020-06						1,051,344
Deferred taxes				$ 5,014,309	5,354,756
Advertising expenses				868,000	816,000	725,000
Research and Development
Research and development cost				$ 110,000	110,000	91,000
ASU 2020-06
Long-Term Deferred Revenue, Distribution and Carriage Payments
Convertible debt reclassified per ASU 2020-06			$ 1,051,000
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Equity Component of Convertible Debt			246,000
Deferred taxes						$ 245,778
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Abstract]
Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Equity Component of Convertible Debt			$ 246,000
Class B common stock \| Northstar Manager LLC
Variable Interest Entity
Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage		3.00%
Minimum
Accounting policy disclosures
Depreciable Life				1 year
Useful life				2 years
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Useful life				2 years
Business Combinations
Acquired intangible assets, average finite useful life				1 year
Variable Interest Entity
Option to extend period - Operating				1 year
Maximum
Accounting policy disclosures
Depreciable Life				40 years
Option to terminate period - Operating				1 year
Useful life				20 years
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Useful life				20 years
Business Combinations
Acquired intangible assets, average finite useful life				20 years
Variable Interest Entity
Option to extend period - Operating				13 years
Northstar
Accounting policy disclosures
Aggregate value					96,000
SNR HoldCo
Accounting policy disclosures
Purchase of ownership interests				$ 442,000
Aggregate value				438,000	$ 368,000
Northstar Manager LLC \| Class B common stock
Variable Interest Entity
Ownership percentage		97.00%
Payment For Purchase Agreement		$ 312,000
Northstar
Accounting policy disclosures
Purchase of ownership interests	$ 109,000
Boost Mobile Acquisition
Accounting policy disclosures
Spectrum purchase option fair value				$ 713,000
Boost infinite
Accounting policy disclosures
Devices and other equipment made under an installment plan				36 months

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share (EPS Amounts for Basic and Diluted Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended								12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Net income (loss)	$ (2,021,624)	$ (118,737)	$ 232,692	$ 272,845	$ 1,001,446	$ 448,110	$ 550,094	$ 537,242	$ (1,634,824)	$ 2,536,892	$ 2,521,435
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax									67,233	59,172	35,150
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar	$ (2,029,882)	$ (138,371)	$ 212,662	$ 253,534	$ 984,264	$ 433,608	$ 536,314	$ 523,534	(1,702,057)	2,477,720	2,486,285
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar - Diluted									$ (1,702,057)	$ 2,477,720	$ 2,486,285
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Class A and B common stock:
Basic (in shares)									270,842	270,102	275,117
Dilutive impact of Convertible Notes (2) (in shares)										37,550	37,550
Dilutive impact of stock awards outstanding (2) (in shares)										81	455
Diluted (in shares)									270,842	307,733	313,122
Earnings per share - Class A and B common stock:
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar (In dollar per share)	$ (7.48)	$ (0.51)	$ 0.79	$ 0.94	$ 3.65	$ 1.61	$ 1.98	$ 1.93	$ (6.28)	$ 9.17	$ 9.04
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to DISH Network (in dollars per share)	$ (7.48)	$ (0.51)	$ 0.69	$ 0.82	$ 3.21	$ 1.41	$ 1.74	$ 1.69	$ (6.28)	$ 8.05	$ 7.94

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Schedule of changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill


Goodwill	Pay-TV		Retail Wireless		5G Network Deployment		Broadband and Satellite Services		Total

	(In thousands)

Balance as of December 31, 2021, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	6,457	$	98,657	$	119,903	$	511,086	$	736,103
Goodwill from India JV formation, net of foreign currency translation		—		—		—		21,405		21,405
Balance as of December 31, 2022, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	6,457	$	98,657	$	119,903	$	532,491	$	757,508
Impairment of goodwill		(6,457)		(98,657)		(119,903)		(532,491)		(757,508)
Balance as of December 31, 2023, net of accumulated impairment losses	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Accumulated impairment losses as of December 31, 2023	$	(6,457)	$	(98,657)	$	(119,903)	$	(532,491)	$	(757,508)

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Share-based compensation

Schedule of stock option activity


	For the Year Ended December 31, 2023
	Options	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Aggregate intrinsic value (in thousands)		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life
Total options outstanding, beginning of period	16,887,454	$	59.28
Granted	1,653,280	$	22.28
Exercised	—	$	—
Forfeited and cancelled (1)	(2,453,588)	$	59.25
Total options outstanding, end of period	16,087,146	$	55.48	$	1	6.76
Performance/market based options outstanding, end of period (2)	4,631,083	$	84.20
Exercisable at end of period	6,332,074	$	50.88	$	—	5.35

(1)	Includes the cancellation of the 2013 LTIP. See discussion below.

(2)	These stock options are included in the caption “Total options outstanding, end of period.” See discussion of the 2017 LTIP, 2019 LTIP, 2022 Incentive Plan, Ergen 2020 Performance Award and Other Employee Performance Awards below.

Schedule of realized tax benefits from stock awards exercised


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Tax benefit from stock awards exercised	$	1,384		573		4,457

Schedule of restricted stock unit activity


	For the Year Ended
	December 31, 2023
	Restricted Stock Units/Awards	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Total restricted stock units/awards outstanding, beginning of period	802,804	$	72.70
Granted	5,776	$	17.50
Vested	(525,100)	$	60.89
Forfeited and cancelled	(234,835)	$	92.34
Total restricted stock units/awards outstanding, end of period	48,645	$	98.78

Schedule of stock options and restricted stock units and awards


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Stock options:
Weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted	$	22.28	$	53.20	$	84.84
Intrinsic value of options exercised (1)	$	—	$	98	$	16,029

Restricted stock units and awards:
Weighted-average grant date fair value of units and awards granted	$	17.50	$	40.06	$	120.86
Fair value of units and rewards vested (1)	$	9,926	$	2,212	$	1,218

(1)	Intrinsic value and fair value is based on the closing market price of our Class A common stock on December 31, 2023.

Schedule of non-cash, stock-based compensation expense recognized


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized (1)	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
2022 Incentive Plan	$	7,346	$	19,088	$	—
2019 LTIP		(1,903)		(97)		489
2013 LTIP		—		—		(13,610)
Ergen 2020 Performance Award		12,308		12,308		34,513
Other employee performance awards		462		4,502		9,033
Total non-cash, stock-based compensation expense recognized for performance based awards	$	18,213	$	35,801	$	30,425

(1)	“Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense Recognized” includes actual forfeitures.

Schedule of awards outstanding pursuant to performance-based stock incentive plans


	As of December 31, 2023
Performance Based Stock Options	Number of Awards	Weighted- Average Grant Price
2022 Incentive Plan	401,828	$	50.78
2019 LTIP	248,758	$	60.04
2017 LTIP	471,727	$	164.20
Ergen 2020 Performance Award	3,508,770	$	78.98
Total	4,631,083	$	84.20

Schedule of allocated non-cash, stock-based compensation expense for all employees


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Cost of services	$	2,610	$	6,511	$	4,365
Selling, general and administrative		48,904		76,483		55,014
Total non-cash, stock-based compensation	$	51,514	$	82,994	$	59,379

Schedule of assumptions of Black-Scholes option valuation model


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Stock Options	2023							2022							2021
Risk-free interest rate		3.58	%	-		4.61	%		1.35	%	-		4.02	%		0.48	%	-		1.11	%
Volatility factor		34.30	%	-		41.25	%		32.67	%	-		34.84	%		29.91	%	-		34.51	%
Expected term of options in years		4.1		-		6.6			4.1		-		6.0			4.0		-		5.9
Fair value of options granted	$	7.40		-	$	7.77		$	5.97		-	$	9.27		$	6.20		-	$	8.32

2022 Incentive Plan, 2019 LTIP, 2013 LTIP and Other

Share-based compensation

Schedule of unrecognized non-cash, stock-based compensation expense


Estimated Remaining Non-Cash, Stock-Based Compensation Expense	2022 Incentive Plan		2019 LTIP		Ergen 2020 Performance Award		Other Employee Performance Awards

	(In thousands)
Expense estimated to be recognized during 2024	$	2,119	$	—	$	10,816	$	—
Estimated contingent expense subsequent to 2024		1,114		—		16,913		—
Total estimated remaining expense over the term of the plan	$	3,233	$	—	$	27,729	$	—

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Schedule of EPS amounts for all periods and the basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding used in the calculation


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2023		2022		2021

		(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income (loss)	$	(1,634,824)	$	2,536,892	$	2,521,435
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax		67,233		59,172		35,150
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar - Basic		(1,702,057)		2,477,720		2,486,285
Interest on dilutive Convertible Notes, net of tax (1)		—		—		—
Net income (loss) attributable to EchoStar - Diluted	$	(1,702,057)	$	2,477,720	$	2,486,285

Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Class A and B common stock:
Basic		270,842		270,102		275,117
Dilutive impact of Convertible Notes (2)		—		37,550		37,550
Dilutive impact of stock awards outstanding (2)		—		81		455
Diluted		270,842		307,733		313,122

Earnings per share - Class A and B common stock:
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	(6.28)	$	9.17	$	9.04
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to EchoStar	$	(6.28)	$	8.05	$	7.94

(1)	For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, substantially all of our interest expense was capitalized. See Note 2 for further information.

(2)

Schedule of anti-dilutive securities not included in the diluted EPS calculation


	As of December 31,
	2023	2022	2021

	(In thousands)
Anti-dilutive stock awards	10,906	9,680	7,426
Performance/market based options	4,631	5,285	4,896
Restricted Performance Units/Awards	-	388	467
Common stock warrants	16,151	16,151	16,151
Total	31,688	31,504	28,940

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	$ 757,508	$ 736,103
Goodwill from India JV formation, net of foreign currency translation		21,405
Impairment of goodwill	(757,508)
Goodwill, Ending Balance		757,508
Pay-TV
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	6,457	6,457
Impairment of goodwill	(6,457)
Goodwill, Ending Balance		6,457
Retail Wireless
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	98,657	98,657
Impairment of goodwill	(98,657)
Goodwill, Ending Balance		98,657
5G Network Deployment
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	119,903	119,903
Impairment of goodwill	(119,903)
Goodwill, Ending Balance		119,903
Broadband and satellite services
Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill, Beginning Balance	532,491	511,086
Goodwill from India JV formation, net of foreign currency translation		21,405
Impairment of goodwill	$ (532,491)
Goodwill, Ending Balance		$ 532,491

- Definition

Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized.

+ References + Details

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 55
-Paragraph 24
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482548/350-20-55-24

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (c)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (e)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (g)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1A
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1A

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 350
-SubTopic 20
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-2

+ Details

Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Employee Benefit Plans

Schedule of expense recognized related to the 401(k) Plan


	For the Years Ended December 31,
Expense Recognized Related to the 401(k) Plan	2023		2022		2021

	(In thousands)
Matching contributions, net of forfeitures	$	20,379	$	18,275	$	14,346
Discretionary stock contributions, net of forfeitures	$	5,491	$	21,606	$	33,507

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands													1 Months Ended			12 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	Feb. 16, 2024 USD ($)	Oct. 12, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 29, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 14, 2023	Jun. 14, 2022	Jan. 24, 2022	Dec. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Jul. 26, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 07, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 06, 2018	Mar. 31, 2018 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2027	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 14, 2025	Oct. 25, 2023 USD ($)	Oct. 15, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 14, 2023	Sep. 20, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2020 USD ($)	Mar. 30, 2018
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																$ 9,764,935
2025																5,959,343
2026																12,865,704
2027																5,924,802
2028																5,311,530
Thereafter																9,059,490
Total																48,885,804
Network Development Future Expenditures																10,000,000	$ 10,000,000	$ 10,000,000
Unrecognized tax benefits																609,543	569,601	539,113						$ 528,527
Litigation accrual																							$ 3,900
Redeemable noncontrolling interests																438,382	464,359
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services					73.00%
Agreement Term			6 months
Proceeds from Refund of Deposits on Auction																		337,490
Carrying amount																172,670
Contractual Obligation																48,885,804
Percentage of Population Five G Services Offered					70.00%														75.00%			75.00%
Percentage of Population to Whom 5G Broadband Service is Provided					50.00%
Percentage of Population Northstar Wireless and SNR Wireless offered													75.00%
Regulatory Authorizations																38,114,249
Impairment of long-lived assets																$ 761,099	711	245
Interest rate (as a percent)																0.25%
MHz 700 Licenses and AWS-4 Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Percentage of Population to Whom 5G Broadband Service is Provided					50.00%
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services in each Economic Area					70.00%
H Block Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services					70.00%
Percentage of Population to Whom 5G Broadband Service is Provided					50.00%
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services in each Economic Area					75.00%
Wireless
Commitment and Contingencies
Network development current and future expenditures																$ 10,000,000
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services						20.00%								70.00%	20.00%
Regulatory Authorizations																25,319,108
Capitalized Interest
Commitment and Contingencies
Regulatory Authorizations																$ 9,000,000
Spectrum Purchase Agreement
Commitment and Contingencies
Purchase price									$ 3,590,000
Asset Purchase Agreement, Termination Fee Payable																									$ 72,000
Asset Purchase Agreement, Deadline to Divest Licenses, Extension Period				60 days
Maximum
Commitment and Contingencies
Programming Contracts term																10 years
Maximum \| Wireless
Commitment and Contingencies
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services														70.00%
Minimum
Commitment and Contingencies
Programming Contracts term																1 year
Minimum \| MHz 700 Licenses and AWS-4 Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Minimum percentage of population having access to average download speed			70.00%		70.00%											70.00%
Northstar Manager LLC \| Class B common stock
Commitment and Contingencies
Ownership percentage								97.00%
Payment For Purchase Agreement								$ 312,000
At least 50% by June 2023 \| Wireless
Commitment and Contingencies
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services														50.00%
Wireless
Commitment and Contingencies
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services						20.00%								70.00%	20.00%
Regulatory Authorizations																$ 25,319,108	25,317,099
Wireless \| Maximum
Commitment and Contingencies
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services																70.00%
Wireless \| At least 50% by June 2023
Commitment and Contingencies
Percentage of population for deploy 5G services																50.00%
AWS-3 Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Accelerated build out period																2 years
Capitalized Interest.
Commitment and Contingencies
Regulatory Authorizations																$ 8,523,682
Northstar
Commitment and Contingencies
Purchase of ownership interests		$ 109,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco
Commitment and Contingencies
Purchase of ownership interests		109,000
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco \| AWS-3 Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Interim Build-out Requirement (as a percent)																40.00%
Final Build-out Requirement (as a percent)																75.00%
Accelerated period to meet Final Build-Out Requirement on failure to meet Interim Build-Out Requirement																2 years
Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco \| Northstar
Commitment and Contingencies
Purchase of ownership interests		109,000
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum
Commitment and Contingencies
Interim payment percentage																15.00%
Re-Auction payment																$ 1,892,000
Overpayment of interim payment																334,000
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| American II.
Commitment and Contingencies
Loan made																$ 69,000
Additional days allowed for management to put its interest										90 days
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| American II. \| Preferred Class A
Commitment and Contingencies
Ownership percentage																100.00%
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| American II. \| Class B common stock
Commitment and Contingencies
Ownership percentage																85.00%
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| Northstar Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Regulatory Authorizations																$ 5,618,930
Number of wireless spectrum licenses \| item																261
Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| AWS-3 Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Interim Payment																$ 334,000
Non-payment gross winning bids																$ 2,226,000
Interim payment percentage																15.00%
SNR
Commitment and Contingencies
Non-payment gross winning bids																$ 1,211,000
Interim payment percentage																15.00%
Re-Auction payment																$ 1,029,000
Overpayment of interim payment																$ 182,000
SNR \| Maximum
Commitment and Contingencies
Preferred stock quarterly distribution (as a percent)										8.00%
SNR \| Minimum
Commitment and Contingencies
Preferred stock quarterly distribution (as a percent)										12.00%
SNR \| American III
Commitment and Contingencies
Number of wireless spectrum licenses \| item																244
Loan made																$ 344,000
Debt outstanding amount												$ 5,065,000
Principal amount of debt												$ 500,000
Interest rate (as a percent)												12.00%				6.00%
Window of days for management to put its interest										90 days	30 days
Additional days allowed for management to put its interest										90 days
SNR \| American III \| Preferred Class A
Commitment and Contingencies
Number shares issued in conversion \| item												5,065,415
Preferred stock quarterly distribution (as a percent)												12.00%
SNR \| AWS-3 Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Non-payment gross winning bids																$ 1,211,000
SNR \| SNR Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Regulatory Authorizations																4,271,459
Interim Payment																182,000
Non-payment gross winning bids																$ 1,211,000
Interim payment percentage																15.00%
Additional Bid Withdrawal Payment																$ 3,000
SNR Wireless or SNR Wireless Holdco Class B Common Interests \| American III
Commitment and Contingencies
Ownership percentage																85.00%
SNR Wireless or SNR Wireless Holdco Class A Common Interests \| American III
Commitment and Contingencies
Ownership percentage																100.00%
SNR
Commitment and Contingencies
Purchase of ownership interests		$ 442,000
American II. \| Northstar Manager LLC \| Class B common stock
Commitment and Contingencies
Ownership percentage								80.00%
Prior Arrangement \| Northstar Licenses
Commitment and Contingencies
Non-payment gross winning bids																$ 2,226,000
Prior Arrangement \| Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum
Commitment and Contingencies
Non-payment gross winning bids																2,226,000
Northstar Operative Agreement \| Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| American II.
Commitment and Contingencies
Loan made												$ 500,000
Debt outstanding amount												6,870,000
Principal amount of debt												$ 500,000
Interest rate (as a percent)												6.00%														12.00%
Loan balance maturity period										10 years		7 years
Removal of consent for unsecured financing and equipment financing										$ 25,000
Window of days for management to put its interest							270 days			90 days		30 days
Northstar Operative Agreement \| Northstar Wireless or Northstar Spectrum \| American II. \| Preferred Class A
Commitment and Contingencies
Number shares issued in conversion \| item												6,870,493
Preferred stock quarterly distribution (as a percent)										8.00%		12.00%
SNR Operative Agreement \| SNR \| American III
Commitment and Contingencies
Loan balance maturity period										10 years	7 years
Removal of consent for unsecured financing and equipment financing										$ 25,000
The Amendment
Commitment and Contingencies
Upfront payment																				$ 100,000	$ 100,000
Long-term debt obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																2,990,195
2025																1,993,990
2026																9,177,173
2027																3,520,219
2028																3,505,748
Thereafter																1,522,543
Total																22,709,868
Contractual Obligation																22,709,868
Interest expense on long-term debt and capital lease obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																1,329,564
2025																1,200,118
2026																1,196,621
2027																708,677
2028																295,967
Thereafter																41,233
Total																4,772,180
Contractual Obligation																4,772,180
Finance lease obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																56,459
2025																30,381
2026																34,290
2027																2,528
Total																123,658
Contractual Obligation																123,658
5G network deployment obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
Total																1,557,000	1,557,000	1,557,000
Contractual Obligation																1,557,000	$ 1,557,000	$ 1,557,000
Interest expense on finance lease obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																9,614
2025																5,011
2026																2,298
2027																46
Total																16,969
Contractual Obligation																16,969
Satellite-related obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																2,908,585
2025																2,218,024
2026																1,934,515
2027																1,178,310
2028																1,037,835
Thereafter																4,324,936
Total																13,602,205
Contractual Obligation																13,602,205
Operating lease obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																448,503
2025																485,783
2026																516,143
2027																515,022
2028																471,980
Thereafter																3,170,778
Total																5,608,209
Contractual Obligation																5,608,209
Purchase obligations
Commitment and Contingencies
2024																2,022,015
2025																26,036
2026																4,664
Total																2,052,715
Contractual Obligation																$ 2,052,715
SNR Credit Agreement \| SNR
Commitment and Contingencies
Loan made												$ 500,000
SNR Credit Agreement \| SNR \| American III
Commitment and Contingencies
Loan made												$ 500,000
Subsequent event \| Northstar Spectrum And SNR Holdco
Commitment and Contingencies
Purchase of ownership interests	$ 442,000
Subsequent event \| SNR
Commitment and Contingencies
Equity method investment,	$ 442,000

Property and Equipment and Intangible Assets - Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Goodwill
Goodwill	$ 757,508	$ 736,103
Pay-TV
Goodwill
Goodwill	6,457	6,457
Retail Wireless
Goodwill
Goodwill	98,657
5G Network Deployment equipment
Goodwill
Goodwill	119,903
Broadband and Satellite Services
Goodwill
Goodwill	$ 532,491	$ 511,086

- Definition

+ References + Details

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

+ Details

Leases - Lease Income By Lease Type (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Sales-type lease revenue	$ 13,431	$ 8,777	$ 8,726
Operating lease revenue	42,565	44,350	41,955
Total lease revenue	55,996	53,127	$ 50,681
Sales-type lease receivable	$ 30,000	$ 22,000
Service and other revenue
Operating Lease, Lease Income, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax
Equipment sales and other revenue
Sales-Type Lease, Lease Income, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]	Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax	Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax

Subsequent Events (Details) - item	Jan. 10, 2024	Jan. 16, 2024	Jan. 12, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)				0.25%
Subsequent event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Number of dish TV holds by DBS subscriber	3,000,000
Subsequent event \| Convertible notes due 2025
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)			0.00%
Subsequent event \| Convertible notes due 2026
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)			8.00%
Subsequent event \| Convertible notes due 2030
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)			10.00%
Subsequent event \| Senior notes due 2024
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)		8.00%
Subsequent event \| Senior notes due 2026
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)		4.00%
Subsequent event \| Senior notes due 2028
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)		8.00%
Subsequent event \| Senior notes due 2029
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)		8.00%